printers display screens and speakers are __________ devices supplier

An output device is a piece of computer hardware that receives data from a computer and then translates that data into another form. That form may be audio, visual, textual, or hard copy such as a printed document.

The key distinction between an input device and an output device is that an input device sends data to the computer, whereas an output device receives data from the computer.

For example, using a microphone to record a podcast is an example of using an input device. Listening to the recorded podcast through a connected speaker is an example of using an output device. Both output and input devices are examples of auxiliary,or peripheral, devices.

Each output device example has a specific history, so here I cover specifically howeach device works, whenit became a part of technology history, popular brands on the market selling the device, and a fun fact.

Function: A monitor consists of a screen, circuitry, a power supply, buttons to adjust screen settings, and a casing that contains all of these components. A monitor displays data from a computer onto a screen so the user can interact with the data via a digital interface.

Origin Story: The first monitors used the same technology as early televisions, relying on a cathode ray tube and a fluorescent screen. This technology was first utilized for computer monitors in 1965 in the Uniscope 300 machine, which had a built-in CRT display. CRT display lights up a series of dots with a beam on an active part of the screen. This resulted in a maximum resolution of 1600 by 1200 pixels. LCD (liquid crystal display) entered the market in 2000 and outsold CRT monitors in 2007. Nowadays, monitors incorporate flat display technology. Plasma monitors are brighter than both CRT and LCD and function by illuminating tiny charged gas bubbles, or plasma, in the screen.

Function: The function of a printer is to create a copy of whatever is sent from the computer to the printer. Printers take electronic data sent from a computer and generate a hard copy.

Origin Story: Photocopying, also known as xerography, is the origin-technology of modern-day printing and was invented in 1938 by Chester S. Carlson of Queens, New York.

The first inkjet printer was developed in 1951. There are many different types of printers, with inkjet and laser printers being two of the most common. Modern printers usually connect to a computer with a USB cable or via Wi-Fi.

Fun Fact:A plotter, which is also a type of print output device, is a similar type of hardware device to a printer. Unlike a printer, however, plotters use writing tools, such as pen, pencil, marker, to draw lines. Designed to use vector graphics, plotters were once commonly employed for computer-aided design, but have now been largely replaced by wide-format printers.

Origin Story: There’s no single figure who invented headphones, but the use of headphones stems from the military. Nathaniel Baldwin of Utah submitted a headphone prototype to the U.S. Navy in 1910, which was adopted some years after by Naval radio operators. Koss Corporation then created the first commercial stereo headphones in 1958. Nowadays, headphones come in all shapes and sizes, from basic earbuds to the traditional style with padding around the earpieces and a connecting band that fits over the user"s head.

Function:Computer speakers are hardware devices that transform the signal from the computer"s sound card into audio. Speakers create sound using internal amplifiers that vibrate at different frequencies according to data from the computer. This produces sound.

Origin Story:Speakers are essential if you want a louder sound, surround sound, fuller bass, or just higher quality audio. The first internal computer speaker (a speaker inside the chassis of a laptop) was created in 1981 by IBM. External computer speakers began to appear in stores in the early 1990s when computer gaming, digital music, and other forms of media became popular. Some computer speakers are wireless nowadays, connecting to the computer via Bluetooth.

Fun Fact:You can turn your speakers (or headphones!) into a microphone. The difference between computer speakers and a microphone is that the frequency of the vibration originates from external sounds rather than data from a computer.

Origin Story: Originally, projectors weren’tan output device. Projectors were first created and used in late 19th-century France. Throughout history, biunial lanterns were used to project ink on glass by photographers, lecturers, and magicians. A biunial lantern is a lantern with projection capabilities. "Biunial" means combining two things into one, so a biunial lantern is a directional lantern and a glass slide with a print on it for projecting.

In the early 1920s, filmstrips were used to show “films” in classrooms. Turning the knob allowed teachers to stop on specific slides. Clear film copies for projectors weren’t invented until the 1960s, and 3M became the leading producer in clear film and projectors.

Nowadays, projectors are typically used for presentations, watching movies, or as a teaching aid, as they enable an entire roomful of people to see images generated by a single computer. Modern projectors usually connect to the computer via an HDMI (high-definition multimedia) cable or VGA (video graphics array) cable.

Fun Fact: 3D projectors are designed to project two images of the same thing from different angles at the same time. Wearing 3D glasses, the viewer can see a 3D projection composed of multiple superimposed images.

Function: GPS is a radio-based navigation system that’s composed of a sender computer and a receiver. The sender broadcasts signals to 24 satellites that ping to the sender the exact location of the sender computer in the form of latitude and longitude coordinates. The satellites use microwave signals to “talk” to the GPS, giving information on location, vehicle speed, and a number of other pieces of data.

Origin Story: A Soviet-era technology, GPS was originally used in the 1960s totrack U.S. submarines carrying nuclear missiles. The Department of Defense deployed more satellites to bolster the burgeoning navigation system. By 1993, 24 satellites were in orbit and GPS was used broadly across the world in agriculture, aviation, the military, athletics, science, and the list goes on.

Function: The sound card controls the output of sound signals, enabling devices like speakers and headphones to work. The sound card is known as an expansion card, which means it can be added to the motherboard. Although a sound card is not essential to a computer"s basic functionality, you need one if you wish to play games, watch movies, listen to music, and use audio and video conferencing.

Origin Story:The first sound card was invented by Sherwin Gooch in 1972 and was used in PLATO systems (Programmed Logic for Automatic Teaching Operations). PLATO was the first computer-assisted learning system in widespread use. It wasn"t until 1988 that sound cards were widely used in PCs.

When computer data is sent through a sound card, it is sent to the card digitally. The sound card then translates the digital information (in the form of binary, or 0s and 1s) into analog information: vibrations, output in the form of sound.

Fun Fact:The popularization of sound cards originated in the gaming realm. Sierra Entertainment, a gaming platform, began supporting add-ons like sound cards and this enabled the sound card industry to grow without being an underground solution to a growing issue: shallow sound while gaming.

Function: As with the sound card, the video card is an expansion card that slots into the motherboard. The video card processes images and video, enabling visuals to be seen on a display. Most computers have basic video and graphics capabilities built into the computer"s motherboard, but for faster, more detailed graphics, a video card is required.

Origin Story:Video cards are also known as GPUs or graphics processing units. Before modern-day GPUs, IBM introduced the MDA (monochrome display adapter). The MDA supported visuals such as text and lines for uses such as drafting but didn"t offer any graphical experiences.

In order to increase the functionality of the burgeoning computing technology, Hercules Computer Technology invented the Hercules Graphics Card, which integrated with the MDA to offer a bitmapped (or "rasterized," or pixelated), graphics experience. From the 1990s on, graphics technology was increasingly like modern-day graphics cards and has increased in graphic quality and speed significantly since then.

Fun Fact:Video cards can work in both 2D images and 3D images. Images like browsers, computer desktops, and PDFs are considered 2D images, whereas computer games are considered 3D.

Function: A braille reader is a peripheral device that enables a blind person to read text displayed on a computer monitor. The text is sent by the computer to the device, where it is translated into a braille format and made readable by pushing rounded pins up through a flat surface. Braille readers are also called braille displays and come in various sizes. Braille readers come in the form of separate devices from a keyboard or as part of a keyboard. Most use piezoelectric technology, or electricity generated by mechanical stress, to create a single line of text at a time in the form of raised bumps.

This was the case until late 2018 when Blitlab proposed an electronic solution to the limited capabilities of braille readers. Blitlab, upon its release, will allow the visually impaired to use the internet and read books and newspapers more independently. The technology is still in development. The device will cost only around $500, which is little compared to traditional braille readers, which cost around $5,000 to $11,000.

Origin Story: Braille is a 63 character alphabet invented in 1824 by Louis Braille. Braille was embossed on paper and other materials for decades before braille reader technology was invented. The first braille output technology was patented in 1975 by the Schönherr Company, and braille reader technology has evolved slowly since.

Fun Fact: Blitlab is the first tablet-style braille reader technology that will utilize a perforated glass screen that raises bumps as the computer reads the text from websites and translates it to braille.

Function: SGDs, also known as voice output communication aids, generate text to speech. A user types something and when the command is sent, the SGD reads the sentence out loud.

Origin Story: The first version of the SGD used print output. The “patient-operated selector mechanism,” or POSSUM, found symbols on a display and illuminated them for the reader. In the 1980s Dynavox was formed by students from Carnegie Mellon University with the goal to make an effective SGD for a young woman with cerebral palsy. This resulted in the invention of the EyeTyper, a device that allowed the user to spell with their eyes that would then be spoken.

Fun Fact: The most famous use of an SGD was by Stephen Hawking. Hawking was an astrophysicist with Lou Gehrig’s disease (also known as ALS). Lou Gehrig’s disease slowly deteriorates nerves in the spine and brain that results in gradual loss of muscle control. This often includes the ability to speak.

The biunial lantern, for example, sufficed in lieu of a more advanced option for projecting pictures; most output devices (like projectors) as they are known today didn"t come into widespread use until the popularization of computer use at home in the 1980s.

This content is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge and is not meant to substitute for formal and individualized advice from a qualified professional.

I really like your explanation to the above topic ( Output device). I am teacher and i teach ICT at Daboya in the Northern part of Ghana, West Africa. Most the the pupils I teach have no much idea about ICT. Even some have never seen a computer before. Because of these, teaching ICT here is a big problem since every thing mention is new or strange to them. But for what i had from you,I am really grateful. My suggestion is that you should try to add the images of these devices so that pupils like mine can also have the opportunity to see them. Once again, thank you very much.

These could be standard 2D printers, reproducing text or images on a piece of paper. More recently, this category has been expanded to include 3D printers outputs - which create entire physical objects based on digital models and instructions. Of course, this latter category is a little more complicated than standard 2D printers.

Plotters are another type of output device. Unless you work in the engineering or architectural sector, it is unlikely that you"ll be regularly using these, but they are vital within these fields for converting vector images into physical diagrams. They come in the form of a large machine ‘arm’, which holds a pen (or sometimes a craft knife), which then uses specific instructions to mark a material such as paper in order to sketch out an exact diagram. This is particularly important for cases where precision and accuracy are vital, such as a blueprint.

Of course, there are too many output devices to cover in just one article. Alternatives to those listed above include haptic feedback devices, which convey information to users through motion, vibration, or force — think your phone’s vibrations, or the rumble of a gaming controller. Haptic feedback is also being trialled for use in virtual reality controllers, to pair the physical sensation of touch with the visual stimulation provided by the headset itself.

Braille readers are another example of an output device, bridging the gap between monitors and physical output devices by allowing visually-impaired users to read text by way of physical output. This is usually achieved through the use of round-tipped pins raised through holes, to simulate braille markings as the cursor is moved across text.

The computer will then display or reproduce that information via one or more output devices. It’s therefore essential for computer users to differentiate between input and output devices.

The vast majority of devices can be labelled as input or output since they will either receive information from the user or transmit it. You may also come across devices known as I/O devices that are capable of both taking input and showing output at the same time.

To put it simply, a mouse is a pointing device. This means that users can control the pointer on a computer display by using it. The touchpad on a laptop computer serves the same purpose as a mouse.

A keyboard is one of the most important input devices. You can use it to input data into a computer or other electronic devices. They do this by connecting to the computer in one of two ways: wirelessly or through a USB system.

Letters A through Z and numbers 0 through 9 make up the keyboard. There are 17 digits on the numeric keypad, enabling a wide range of arithmetic operations. The top row of the keyboard also usually contains the computer"s function keys. Furthermore, users can easily navigate the page and make selections using useful control keys like tab, enter, shift, etc.

While regions use different keyboard layouts, the worldwide standard for keyboards is the QWERTY keyboard. The term "qwerty" comes from the first six letter keys on the keyboard.

It is a device that transfers the acoustic energy from an audible source into an electric signal for playback through an amplification system. Therefore, professions such as voice actors and filmmakers have benefited greatly from this technology. The mic’s primary advantages lie in its small size, low price, and high response sensitivity.

These days, microphones can also function as voice recognition devices. Furthermore, we can now use the “Speech Input Device” feature to dictate our text instead of typing it.

In many scenarios, using a joystick provides far more intuitive control than a mouse. Thus, it is useful in a wide variety of situations, including when playing video games, training simulations, steering helicopters, and many more!

The trackball is an alternative computer input device that functions similarly to a mouse. It looks like a ball and has a few buttons on top. A normal handling position involves your thumb being on the ball and the other fingers on its buttons.

The Scroll is an outside roller that you may rotate to smoothly move the displays. When pushed, the Scroll also serves as a button to prevent the screens from stopping.

A trackball is a track-sphere. Therefore, it has a feature found in certain wireless mouse models that allow for the rotation of the screen in any direction, not just up and down. This is very useful for games and other graphic design software.

Trackballs quickly gained popularity in portable computing devices because of their small size, making them easy to carry and store. Moreover, many users prefer trackballs since they"re thought to be more reliable than a mouse.

A speaker is an audio output hardware component that is often linked to a computer. It works similarly to sound cards, which are a kind of hardware usually included within a computer and responsible for creating the audible output from the system"s speakers.

The sound card processes the audio input and outputs sound via the computer"sspeaker. These days you will find a built-in speaker on almost all laptops near the top of your keyboard.

Printers create a physical duplicate of digital information. Since the printer"s primary function is to transform digital information into paper, they are essential to every digital environment.

Files, images, and other digital metadata are saved on a computer and can be printed using aprinter. Offices, residences, PowerPoint presentations, and businesses all utilise printers to print signs and other materials.

The size of the printed output depends on the paper size you use. On the other hand, the DPI density of a printer is a measure of the quality of the printed picture. The higher the printer"s DPI, the sharper and more detailed the output.

In most cases, you will need a communication cable or a wireless network to link the printer to the computer. However, many modern digital printers have other connection alternatives, such as Wi-Fi or cloud. This makes it simpler and quicker to complete a printing job.

Examining documents, images, videos, graphics, and tables in their original format and in real-time is possible on the screen.LED, LCDand plasma are just a few examples of cutting-edge monitor technologies.

You can listen to your device’s audio privately by pluggingheadphonesinto the output jack. Otherwise, you can also use and connect this type of device via a wireless connection to a mobile device or PC.

People most commonly use headphones or earbuds in public settings when they want to listen to audio without bothering others around them. The sound card (or any other connected device) provides audio input, and then the headphones transform that signal into wave sound for output.

A multimedia projector is also an output device. Having access to a multifunctional projector is not unlike having a magic wand because it can do so much quickly and easily.

Whether for presentations, data visualisations, or documentary screenings, a projector is versatile and allows for a complete video broadcast. Hence, using a projector improves the audience"s ability to absorb and process the presented material.

A headset combines an output device (the speaker) and an input device (the microphone). Headsets are a necessary and useful tool for anyone who has to communicate or listen to audio in a shared space. TheHyperX Cloud Alpha S Gaming Headsetis perfect for everyday use thanks to its comfortable design. It also has bass adjustment sliders to personalise your sound.

Compact Disc (CD) and DVD (DVD) Drives store information from computers in the specified format. They can then transfer this data to other devices by taking up disk space.

There are numerous input and output devices that you can connect to your computer. Input and output devices play key roles and are very useful for computers. Understanding the differences between these two devices is very important if you want to maximise performance.

You know, none of these are really easy choices. If it"s just you working on the system, the decisions might be simple, but if you have to consider others" opinions, not so much. Let"s start with the monitor. We use this to view the work we"re doing at the time or to view a finished product. We may also use it to view videos or photos we"ve taken or found online.

Monitors come in many sizes and descriptions. To make the best decision, you should ask yourself what you"ll be doing the most with your computer. Are you just writing papers or creating presentations? Are you surfing the Internet? Are you playing games once in a while? Are they games that are not intensive in graphics? Are you making and editing videos for fun - or for a profession?

If you can keep it simple, the standard monitor is for you. If you"re playing games with intensive graphics, making videos or working with digital photographs or art, you may want a high-definition monitor. If you"re going to use a computer as your home entertainment system, you can find one that is TV-ready as well.

The size of the monitor you use truly depends on your preference. Things to consider are your eyesight, who else will be using it and the distance the monitor will be sitting away from you (assuming you go with a desktop unit, not a laptop). There are monitor sizes ranging from 7 inches as a supplementary peripheral, but normal monitors range from a 17-inch diagonal to a monster 55-inch diagonal! You could comfortably surf from the couch in the living room with a monitor this size.

Monitors are created with LCD (liquid crystal display) or LED (light-emitting diode). LCDs have layers of glass, polarized film and liquid crystals. You get electrical impulses sent through, and this causes the color to be shown and image to be displayed. LED monitors take the LCD one step further. They put a diode on the back that forces light through the layers for a sharper picture and better colors. It is said that LED monitors will last longer than LCD monitors.

Have you decided which one you want to go with? Don"t forget, you"ve also got touchscreen monitors available should you have a use for them. The most practical use of a touchscreen monitor for consumer and professional use would be to someone with a physical disability.

The next difficult decision to make will be the printer that will work best for you. Printers are used to create a tangible product to look at away from a monitor. For consumer use there are two kinds to choose from: the inkjet and the laser printer.

The inkjet printer uses a liquid ink that"s sprayed through a print head onto a piece of paper. How? Simply put, the printer interprets the signal from the computer and converts it to instructions that go through the print head. Inkjet printers are typically inexpensive to purchase, although the replacement ink can be costly and add up.

Laser printers use heat technology and specialized powder called toner or another medium (I"ve seen it with wax - it looked like crayons) that"s heat-sealed onto a piece of paper. Laser printers are somewhat expensive, though they"ve come down in cost as the technology has increased.

Both types are often available as mono-color (or black-only printer), full-color or an all-in-one printer. An all-in-one printer typically has a printer, a copier and a scanner. Some still have a fax feature as well.

You should ask yourself how much you"ll be printing and how often. If you don"t print too much, the inkjet printer may be for you. One disadvantage, though, to not printing often with an inkjet printer is that the print head can actually plug up, dry out and then not work. If you print frequently or in large quantities, you may find yourself purchasing ink quite often. Ink varies in price but ranges between $9 and $25 for about 250 sheets of text-only in black ink. The toner for laser printers seems prohibitive but usually will print up to 5000 sheets of paper per cartridge. These toners are between $80-$100 a unit.

An example of typical usage: several years ago I bought a mono-laser printer (actually, it was an all-in-one) for about $170. It was used to create syllabi for seven different classes and hand-outs for most of those classes, for my daughter to write papers for her high school classes and for my son (who discovered SpongeBob on the Internet and printed out hundreds of coloring sheets), and I prepared at least 60 tax returns in that season. The one toner cartridge lasted more than a year.

Speakers are used to emit audio signals that may come from music files or other audio files. Many pre-constructed computers come with external speakers. All come with internal speakers. Usually, the external speakers included are more than good enough for sound quality, whether you"re watching YouTube videos or playing a movie in your DVD player. There are people who prefer a little more bump in their audio output, however. Speakers are available in surround-sound systems that rival a home system. How loud you want your system to be is up to you. The higher-quality the sound system, the more expensive it will be.

Many computers now support Bluetooth technology. You can connect to Bluetooth-enabled speakers and set them up without the need for additional cables or connections!

You don"t have to pick all of these output devices for your computer system, but it is important to remember that monitors are output devices that let us see what we"re working on as we are working on it as well as to get a feel for what the finished product looks like.

Speakers are fun to shop for. They"re an audio output device allowing the transmission of sound files so the user can hear them. You can pick out how loud you want your system to be and find the sound package that works for you.

The main functioning of a computer system is based on the combined usage of both input and output devices. Utilizing an input device, a user can give directions to the computer to run and the device reverts to the user’s action through an output device. Let’s understand first what is an input unit and output unit.

This part of the computer encapsulates devices with the help of which the user feeds data to the computer. It creates an interface between the user and the computer. The input devices transform the information into a form acceptable by the computer.

This part of the computer encapsulates devices with the help of which the user receives the information from the computer. Output devices transform the output from the computer into a form understandable by the users.

Through this article Input and Output Devices, we shall review the various input and output devices which can be attached to a computer, along with their functions.

A piece of hardware/equipment that enables the user to enter data into a computer is called an input device. Some of the Commonly used input units used in a computer system are as follows:Keyboard

The keyboard is the most basic and very commonly used input device which helps to input data to the computer. The layout of the buttons in a normally used keyboard is similar to the traditional typewriter, but there are a few additional keys provided by different manufacturers for performing additional functions.

Normally available keyboards in the market were of two sizes 84 keys and 101/102 keys, but now keyboards with 104 keys or 108 keys are also possible for Windows and Internet.

These buttons are used to input the numeric data or cursor movement. Normally, it consists of a set of 17 keys that are placed out in a similar configuration practiced by most additional machines and calculators.

The 12 function keys are provided on the keyboard which is arranged in a row at the top of the keyboard. Each of these keys has a different function and is applied for some specific task.

These buttons are used for cursor and screen control. It also adds four directional arrow keys. Following are also included in control keys: Home, End, Delete, Insert, Page Up, Page Down, Control (Ctrl), Escape (Esc)Alternate (Alt).

It is the most commonly used pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device and the earlier versions of it were built over a small palm-size box with a round ball at its base, which tracks the movement of the mouse and feeds digital signals to the CPU when the mouse buttons are pressed. Currently, the mouse has a sensor at the bottom to detect cursor position.

Basic versions if it has two buttons called the left and the right-click button and a wheel is present between the buttons to provide a scroll function. The movement of the mouse on a flat surface is used to control the position of the cursor on the display, but it cannot be used to feed text into the system directly.

Just like a mouse, a Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used to travel the cursor position on a display. It is a perpendicular stick having a spherical ball at both lower and upper ends. The spherical ball connected at the circuit having sensors moves in a socket. The joystick controller can be traversed in all directions.

Just like a pen, a light pen is a digital pointing device. This device is used to select an item displayed in the menu or to draw anything on the display. It contains a photocell and an optical sensor placed in a small tube at the tip.

When the light pen tip is traveled on the display, its photocell sensing element calculates the screen location and sends the digital signal to the CPU.

The trackball is another type of input device similar to the mouse. It is most helpful with a notebook or laptop computer, instead of a mouse. It consists of a ball on the top which is half inserted and connected to the sensors. By moving fingers on the ball, the cursor can be moved.

Because the whole device is not moved to move the cursor, a trackball requires less space as compared to the mouse. This device comes in different shapes like a ball, a square, or a button.

The scanner captures high-resolution images from the source which are then converted into a digital format that can be saved on the disk and shared digitally. These digital images can be edited before they are printed.

Digitizer is also called Tablet or Graphics Tablet because it transforms graphics and pictorial data into binary inputs to the system. A special kind of graphic tablet as a digitizer is used for fine works of drawing and image-related applications.

A microphone or mic is a very common input device used to input sound that is then stored in a digital form. Nowadays microphones are used in almost every industry and devices related to sound recording or transmission.

The microphone is used for different applications like adding sound to a multimedia presentation or for mixing music, voice calling and recording, video conferencing, and more.

The MICR input device is commonly seen in banks as there are a huge amount of cheques to be processed every day. The important details like the bank’s code number and cheque number are printed on the cheques with specially designed ink based on the particles of magnetic material that is readable by the sensors of the machine.

This method of reading is recognized as Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR). The main benefits of using MICR are that it is comparatively fast and less prone to errors.

It is an input device that is used to read a printed text similar to the scanner, but the method of reading and the type of output generated is different. The format to be fed to the OCR is predefined and can’t be used as an ordinary scanner.

OCR, unlike a scanner, scans the text optically, character by character, converts them into a machine-readable digital code instead of creating high-resolution images, and stores the text on the system memory.

Bar Code Reader is an input device used to read special format barcoded data (data in the form of light and dark lines). Barcoded data is commonly used to create price tags, in labeling goods, numbering the books, etc. It can be a handheld scanner or can be embedded in a stationary scanner on the tabletop.

A flash of light from the device strikes the surface of the object and reflects the sensors present behind the source of light to collect the input. Bar Code Reader can only scan a bar code image, converts it into an alphanumeric value, which is then transferred to the computer that the bar code reader is connected to.

OMR is a special type of input machine. This sort of optical scanner is used to identify the type of mark made by pen or pencil. It is used where one out of a predefined alternative is to be selected and marked.

A Webcam is a camera that is combined with a computer. Unlike a digital camera, they cannot function independently and should be connected to the computer/laptop for operation. It functions as an input device that can take pictures and is mostly used for video streaming and video conferencing or chatting.

Biometrics relates to a method in which a person is identified through his/her biological features such as fingerprints, facial structure, eye cornea, etc. It is done by using biometric devices, which can be of different types based on their scanning features and abilities, such as Face Scanner, Hand Scanner, Fingerprint Scanner, Retina or Iris Scanner, Voice Scanner, etc.

A piece of hardware/equipment that presents the result of the entered input, once it is processed, is called an output device. Several output devices display output in various ways such as images, text, hard copies, and audio/video. Following are some of the commonly used output devices used in a computer system:

Monitors or Visual Display Unit (VDU), are the primary output devices of a computer system. It generates images from tiny dots, termed pixels that are arranged in a well-defined rectangular form. The depth and sharpness of the image depend upon the number and size of the pixels.

The Cathode-Ray Tube display consists of small picture elements known as pixels. The tinier the pixels, the greater the image clarity or resolution. It requires a very large number of pixels emitting light to create a character.

A limited number of characters can be arranged on a screen at a time. The screen can be categorized into a series of character boxes – a fixed place on the screen where a standard character can be shown. The capability of earlier screens was to display 80 characters of data horizontally and 25 lines vertically.

The flat-panel display is a class of video output devices that have decreased volume, weight, and power requirement as compared to the CRT. It is possible to hang them on walls or wear them on wrists. In everyday evolving technology, uses of flat-panel displays include laptops or computers, calculators, monitors, video games, and graphics displays.

The flat-panel display is categorized into the following two categories:Emissive Displays − Emissive displays panels are output devices that transform electrical energy into light. For instance, plasma panels and LED (Light-Emitting Diodes).

Non-Emissive Displays − Non-emissive displays are based on optical effects to convert sunlight/light from some other source into graphics patterns. For example, LCD (Liquid-Crystal Device).

Character printers are the type of printers that are capable of printing only one character at a time. This states that it does not print one line at a time.

In the earlier days, one of the most commonly practiced printers was the Dot Matrix Printer. These printers were used commonly because of their ease of usage, printing, and affordable printing price. Every character to be printed on paper is created by rearranging a matrix of metallic pins of size (5×7, 7×9, 9×7, or 9×9) at a very fast speed which comes out to create a character which is why it is known as the Dot Matrix Printer.

IN this type of printer the Head is fixed on a wheel and pins creating characters are like petals of Daisy (flower) that is why it is identified as Daisy Wheel Printer. These printers are generally used for word-processing tasks in offices that demand a very low number of letters to be sent here and there with very nice quality.

The head of this printer is in the form of a drum, which is why it is identified as a drum printer. The printing drum surface is divided into several tracks which are equivalent to the size of the paper. For instance, if a paper is of the width of 200 characters, then the drum will have 200 tracks. A fixed character set is embossed on the track which cannot be altered by any means.

To use a different character set, a different drum needs to be purchased like the one with the 48 character set, or the 64 and 96 characters set. A single rotation of the drum containing permanent characters prints a single line. These printers offer fast printing speed and can print 300 to 2000 lines per minute.

In this type of printer, a chain consisting of the character set is used, that is why it is identified as a Chain Printer, or in other words a Chain printer is a line printer that applies a rotating chain to print characters. The predefined-standard character set can have 48, 64, or 96 characters.

Non-impact printers do not hit the paper with any embossed character-containing instrument. These printers can print a complete page all at once, this is the reason why they are also known as Page Printers.

These are very commonly used these days and are a type of non-impact page printer. They use laser lights to charge the metallic drum in the shape of characters or objects to be printed, which attracts powdered ink. Then this drum is pressed over the page to create printed output.

Inkjet printers are also very commonly used printers these days. They use ink cartridges to print characters by spraying small drops of ink in a very precise manner onto the paper. Inkjet printers are very versatile and can produce relatively high-quality output with presentable features.

They make very little noise as compared to other printers because no hammering is done and these have many different modes of printing. Using these printers, color printing is also possible. Some advanced and newer models of Inkjet printers are capable enough to produce multiple number copies of printing also.

A projector is an optical output device that can take images produced by a computer and project or present them onto a screen or surface called a projector. In the older version of projectors, images were created by shining the light through a small transparent lens on the projector; however, the new version of projectors uses laser technology for the same. Projectors are most commonly used in offices, classrooms, auditoriums, theatres to watch presentations, videos, or pictures generated from a computer or laptop.

Computer speakers are the most popular output devices used with a computer to listen to sound. These speakers receive audio as input either in analog or digital form and generate sound as an output. With the advancement of technology, speakers are now available with wireless and BlueTooth facilities as well.

The headphones or earphones or headsets are hardware output tools that are either plugged into the computer or can be wireless. They offer the same function as a speaker, the only difference is the frequency of sound. With speakers, the sound can be detected over a larger distance while utilizing headphones, the sound is only audible to the individual using them. Headphones are available in multiple shapes and sizes.

Simply one can understand Input is data that a computer takes, on the other hand, the output is data that a computer transfers. Computers only work with digital information.

Computer output devices obtain information from the computer and transmit data that has been processed by the computer to the user. Output devices provide data in multiple forms, like audio, visual, and hard copy media.

Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse, JoyStick, Light pen, Track Ball, Scanner, Graphic Tablet, Microphone, Magnetic Ink Card Reader (MICR), Optical Character Reader (OCR) and more.

You know, none of these are really easy choices. If it"s just you working on the system, the decisions might be simple, but if you have to consider others" opinions, not so much. Let"s start with the monitor. We use this to view the work we"re doing at the time or to view a finished product. We may also use it to view videos or photos we"ve taken or found online.

Monitors come in many sizes and descriptions. To make the best decision, you should ask yourself what you"ll be doing the most with your computer. Are you just writing papers or creating presentations? Are you surfing the Internet? Are you playing games once in a while? Are they games that are not intensive in graphics? Are you making and editing videos for fun - or for a profession?

If you can keep it simple, the standard monitor is for you. If you"re playing games with intensive graphics, making videos or working with digital photographs or art, you may want a high-definition monitor. If you"re going to use a computer as your home entertainment system, you can find one that is TV-ready as well.

The size of the monitor you use truly depends on your preference. Things to consider are your eyesight, who else will be using it and the distance the monitor will be sitting away from you (assuming you go with a desktop unit, not a laptop). There are monitor sizes ranging from 7 inches as a supplementary peripheral, but normal monitors range from a 17-inch diagonal to a monster 55-inch diagonal! You could comfortably surf from the couch in the living room with a monitor this size.

Monitors are created with LCD (liquid crystal display) or LED (light-emitting diode). LCDs have layers of glass, polarized film and liquid crystals. You get electrical impulses sent through, and this causes the color to be shown and image to be displayed. LED monitors take the LCD one step further. They put a diode on the back that forces light through the layers for a sharper picture and better colors. It is said that LED monitors will last longer than LCD monitors.

Have you decided which one you want to go with? Don"t forget, you"ve also got touchscreen monitors available should you have a use for them. The most practical use of a touchscreen monitor for consumer and professional use would be to someone with a physical disability.

The next difficult decision to make will be the printer that will work best for you. Printers are used to create a tangible product to look at away from a monitor. For consumer use there are two kinds to choose from: the inkjet and the laser printer.

The inkjet printer uses a liquid ink that"s sprayed through a print head onto a piece of paper. How? Simply put, the printer interprets the signal from the computer and converts it to instructions that go through the print head. Inkjet printers are typically inexpensive to purchase, although the replacement ink can be costly and add up.

Laser printers use heat technology and specialized powder called toner or another medium (I"ve seen it with wax - it looked like crayons) that"s heat-sealed onto a piece of paper. Laser printers are somewhat expensive, though they"ve come down in cost as the technology has increased.

Both types are often available as mono-color (or black-only printer), full-color or an all-in-one printer. An all-in-one printer typically has a printer, a copier and a scanner. Some still have a fax feature as well.

You should ask yourself how much you"ll be printing and how often. If you don"t print too much, the inkjet printer may be for you. One disadvantage, though, to not printing often with an inkjet printer is that the print head can actually plug up, dry out and then not work. If you print frequently or in large quantities, you may find yourself purchasing ink quite often. Ink varies in price but ranges between $9 and $25 for about 250 sheets of text-only in black ink. The toner for laser printers seems prohibitive but usually will print up to 5000 sheets of paper per cartridge. These toners are between $80-$100 a unit.

An example of typical usage: several years ago I bought a mono-laser printer (actually, it was an all-in-one) for about $170. It was used to create syllabi for seven different classes and hand-outs for most of those classes, for my daughter to write papers for her high school classes and for my son (who discovered SpongeBob on the Internet and printed out hundreds of coloring sheets), and I prepared at least 60 tax returns in that season. The one toner cartridge lasted more than a year.

Speakers are used to emit audio signals that may come from music files or other audio files. Many pre-constructed computers come with external speakers. All come with internal speakers. Usually, the external speakers included are more than good enough for sound quality, whether you"re watching YouTube videos or playing a movie in your DVD player. There are people who prefer a little more bump in their audio output, however. Speakers are available in surround-sound systems that rival a home system. How loud you want your system to be is up to you. The higher-quality the sound system, the more expensive it will be.

Many computers now support Bluetooth technology. You can connect to Bluetooth-enabled speakers and set them up without the need for additional cables or connections!

You don"t have to pick all of these output devices for your computer system, but it is important to remember that monitors are output devices that let us see what we"re working on as we are working on it as well as to get a feel for what the finished product looks like.

Speakers are fun to shop for. They"re an audio output device allowing the transmission of sound files so the user can hear them. You can pick out how loud you want your system to be and find the sound package that works for you.

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An input device is a peripheral with the ability to receive instructions or commands from a user and relay the information to another device. Input devices are incapable of accepting information from other devices.

Once an input device gets a command from a user, it changes the command into electrical signals, encodes the signals in binary code, and sends it to the receiving device. Binary code is a digital computer language that can only be understood by computers. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mice, etc.

Direct input devices have the ability to store data in binary code. Examples of a direct input device include floppy disks, hard disks, and optical disks.

On the other hand, indirect input devices provide data to a computer using signs and letters. These signs and letters are incomprehensible to the computer. The computer’s processing unit translates them into binary code, allowing the system to understand the data provided by the user. Examples of indirect input devices include scanners, keyboards, printers, etc.

The keyboard is the most populous input device for issuing commands and providing data to a computer. It’s an intermediary tool that’s essential for human-computer interaction. The keyboard has a layout that’s similar to a typewriter’s though there are extra keys for performing other operations.

Each of the keys on a keyboard has a special character or symbol. Some of them can even carry more than one symbol. You may need to press multiple keys at a time to execute a command. Devices like touchscreen laptops, notebooks, and tablet PCs have detachable keyboards or virtual keyboards.

Most keyboards are available in two different sizes: 101-key keyboards or 84-key keyboards. However, some of the keyboards designed nowadays feature up to 108 keys.

These are keys that are used to enter numeric information into the system. They can also be used to move the cursor and are often a set of 17 different keys.

Control keys include but are not limited to the Home, End, Escape, Insert, Delete, Alt, End, and Ctrl or Command keys. The four directional arrow keys are also known as control keys. A control key helps you control the screen, pointer, and information you’re sending to the system.

These keys are labeled F1 to F12 and are often found at the topmost row on the keyboard. They are used to control some of the accessible technical aspects of the system.

The mouseof a computer is just as popular as the keyboard. A mouse is a pointing device. It’s an essential hardware that helps the user interact with the graphical environment of the system.

The mouse controls the cursor and provides the user with the ability to select and move elements, such as files, texts, icons, and more in the computer.

Computers depend on the mouse for movement. The mouse features two buttons, known as the left-click and right-click buttons. Some mice come with trackballs or scroll wheels to help you navigate the pages on a computer screen. The right-click button on a mouse provides extra menus, while the left-click button allows you to select, drag, or move items.

A scanneris an input device with the capability to convert images and text documents to manageable and storable files on a computer. Scanners use a special program known as the Optical Character Recognition to convert scanned texts or images into readable and editable files that can be saved as normal digital files.

This input device is capable of scanning more than just texts, documents, and images. Scanners have the ability to scan books, maps, camera negatives, and more. The converted digital file can be saved and printed from the computer. You can even manipulate and make adjustments to a scanned file before printing.

Two spherical balls are attached to both ends of the joystick. The ball at the bottom is placed in a socket that’s connected to the computer. When the lower spherical ball slides in the socket, it relays its angle information to the system in 2D or 3D.

A light pen, also known as a stylus, is another pointing device for computers. It looks like a pen and can be used to draw and write on the computer screen. A light pen can also be used to select items on a menu tray.

Light pens are built by putting an optical system and a photocell in an enclosed tube. This pen uses the sensitivity of its photocell sensorsto select text and modify data on a computer monitor. Light pens are commonly found on hand-held devices and PDAs. The concept and development were taken from CRT monitors that were used to manipulate information.

A touchpad is an input device that acts as a pointing device. It’s designed with a sensor connected to its surface to help it analyze and relay the hand movement and position of the user.

A barcode is scannable data encoded by a set of light and dark spaces and lines with different widths. This data can be translated into numbers that identify a product, internet address, etc. Barcode scanners are mostly used in stores and supermarkets to help identify a product with a numeric code.

There are two main types of barcodes: matrix and linear barcodes. A barcode scanner scans the encoded image, converts it into alphanumeric values, and relays the data to the system it’s connected to. Barcode readers are also known as optical readers.

Adigital camera is an input device that uses CMOS or CCD sensors to take and store images. Images captured by the camera’s sensor are saved in the camera’s memory for later use after undergoing several processing steps.

A web camera, on the other hand, is either attached to a computer via a USB connection or built into the computer. Webcams are tiny digital cameras that take and record videos and images on your computer. These cameras are accompanied by software that allows you to utilize them. The software also allows you to broadcast videos in real-time over the web.

While many webcams are capable of taking HD videos and images, they don’t offer the same quality as most digital cameras. Digital cameras can be found in modernmobile devices as well.

Optical character recognition, also known as OCR, is an input device that’s capable of reading printed texts. An OCR scans each character in the text, converts it to machine-readable code, and stores it in the computer’s memory.

This is a device with the ability to create digital code from continuous image lines. Digitizers are often used to convert images and shapes into computer digits or transfer shapes, images, and maps to a computer. They allow you to use the stylus to draw graphics and images the same way you would use a pencil to draw on paper.

The graphics and images drawn on a digitizer will show up on your display screen or computer monitor. A pre-installed software will convert the touch inputs made on the digitizer into legible lines, graphics, or texts that can be interpreted by the user.

It functions as a mouse and is often installed between the letters B, G, and H keys on some keyboards. When you apply a bit of pressure to the pointing stick, it moves the cursor in the same direction you applied pressure on.

Some of the functions of a steering wheel include turning your in-game vehicle left and right. A steering wheel is often designed with mechanisms that work as the brake pedal and acceleration gear. Gamers with this input device often have an edge over those without it.

A microphone is used to send audio to a computer. The microphonehas the ability to capture sound and convert it into electrical signals that can be encoded and saved on the PC.

Paddles are designed with a wheel that looks like a volume knob for increasing and decreasing the volume of a sound. Turning this knob controls the cursor and allows you to move in-game objects back and forth.

This input device uses artificial and computer intelligence to recognize human speech and convert them to text. It’s often in form of software built into computers or smart devices. The speech recognition software is highly beneficial to users who are unable to type or utilize a keyboard.

Touch screens allow users to provide data and give commands to smart devices, like laptops and smartphones, by pressing or touching specific points. The information provided is converted into electrical impulses and sent to a processor embedded underneath the touch screen.

The processor works on the input and triggers several processes that execute the program or command related to the corresponding point that was touched by the user. Different touch screens function in different ways. For instance, the way a smartphone touch screen works is different from how a bank’s ATM touch screen works.

The word modem is derived from the words Modulator and Demodulator. A modem is a hardware input device capable of converting digital signals to analog and analog signals to digital. The modem takes data from your internet service provider and converts it into data that can be used by your computer, smartphones, and other network equipment.

Otherwise known as VR, virtual reality creates a life-like experience through your computer. The VR concept is based on the simulation of a world that’s not part of our reality. With a VR device, you can enter a virtual space that’s different from your real-life environment and have a particular experience.

The experiences offered by VR can range from entertainment to educational, scientific, and even industrial experiences. Users will be able to interact with the virtual environment by using input devices like gloves, headphones, headsets, etc.

These input devices capture the biological characteristics of a person’s eye cornea, fingerprints, face structure, and more. Some of the characteristics can be used to identify a user and have been used to enhance the security on many smart devices.

The output device of a computer is a peripheral that receives information from a computer’s processor and produces a result. While an output device cannot send information to another device, it can relay data from one computer system to the other.

Output devices are capable of translating the binary code sent by input devices to a language that the computer user can understand. Examples of output devices include printers, computer monitors, etc.

Monitors are some of the most important output devices for a computer. They display the images, texts, icons, and symbols over a screen. For every input or command given to and executed by a computer, the output is returned and displayed on the monitor.

The monitor is also known as a visual display unit or VDU. It’s able to create images and other output by arranging tiny dots known as pixels. The number of pixels determines the sharpness of the image you’ll get from the monitor.

Flat-panel displays are designed with a flat panel. They offer less weight, volume, and power consumption. These displays can be large enough to be hung on the wall or small enough to be worn on the wrist. Flat-panel displays are used in a wide range of devices, including calculators, monitors, handheld video games, laptops, and other graphical displays.

Printers are output devices capable of providing the information in your computer or smart device on a piece of paper. The information printed can be images, texts, icons, etc. There are two main types of printers: impact and non-impact printers.

This printer type doesn’t use a ribbon to print characters on a piece of paper. They are also known as page printers because they can print full pages at a time.

A speakeris an output device that converts electromagnetic waves into sound waves. They can be attached to a computer system or used as separate hardware. Thanks to the advancement in technology, wireless speakers are now available and can be connected via Bluetooth and other applications.

The audioproduced by the speakers in a computer is done through a sound card, which is pre-installed inside the computer. Laptopcomputers have upward-facing speakers which can be found beside or at the top of the laptop’s keyboard. Speakers are available on many other devices, such as radios, TVs, toys, smartphones, etc.

Plotters are output devices with the capability to print high-quality graphics and images in different color formats. They are similar to printers but come with advanced features, better accuracy, high-resolution graphics, and faster printing speeds.

Plotters are used to print 3D postcards, large maps, architectural drawings, advertisement signs, large-format prints, charts, and more. These printers are often found in engineering and architectural environments.

A projector is an optical device thatproduces still and moving images on a projection screen. Projectors used to be limited to movie theaters and auditoriums. With the advancements in technology, there are now projectors that can be used at home and in offices; some can even be used without projection screens.

When a projector is connected to a PC, the projected image is often the one on the PC’s screen. Projectors are used to project or cast videos, educational content, business presentations, graphs, documentaries, animations, and more.

Headphones are simply small, private speakers. They allow you to enjoy audio from your computer or smart device through a wired or wireless connection.

Headphones take the sound input from the sound card embedded in your device and produce the sound as an output. They allow you to listen to audio without disturbing or getting disturbed by the people around you.

We’ve talked about manyinput and output devices as well as the differences between both. Here is a quick summary to make sure you know all you need to know about input and output devices:

Input and output devices work hand-in-hand to provide the ideal computer experience. A computer can’t work without an input and output device. Once input is entered, a computer software uses the pre-installed processor to process the information. And when it’s done, the output device takes the information and presents it to the user.