fluorescent lamp in lcd panel testing supplier

LCD Lighting, Inc. has designed and manufactured thousands of custom fluorescent lamps for virtually every type of OEM lighting application. Our custom phosphor engineering delivers consistently precise color temperature, CRI index, and brightness (lm/watt) in every lamp.

HCFL) come in straight, “U”, circular, or custom shapes to meet a multitude of OEM specifications. Our sub-miniature fluorescent lamps are engineered and manufactured with the most advanced state-of-the-art technology for use in entertainment displays, medical, POP (point of purchase) displays, machine tool displays, and advertising displays. They are also used in backlighting and liquid crystal displays (LCD’s)  for use in numerous commercial, civil, military, and space avionics information systems.

Both reflector and aperture lamps are designed to control the direction of light. The use of aperture lamps in scanning vision inspection systems and other applications continues to multiply with increasing emphasis on greater precision. A particular feature of fluorescent lamps is that the light output is inherently uniform along the length of the tube.

Compact fluorescent lamps offer dramatic energy cost savings of up to 75% when compared to incandescent lamps of comparable light output, and their lifespan is up to thirteen times longer. Some popular application uses include aquarium lighting, cinematography, medical, and HCRI lamps.

We also offer on-site lamp sub-assembly (LSA) service for the lamp, wiring harnesses, connectors, heaters, sensors and reflective back plate or cavity.

LCD Lighting produces both hot-cathode (HCFL) and cold cathode (CCFL) fluorescent lamps for many OEM’s worldwide. Hot cathode lamps are found in many applications from home and retail to the the highly custom/ task oriented lamps for business and industrial applications. Custom fluorescent lamps in business are found in OEM applications such as scanners, vision /inspection systems, graphic arts and medical devices and even the outdoor sign industry. The HFCL style lamps can be made with internal reflectors or apertures for when more directional control is required.

CCFL style fluorescent lamps use an electrode (cylindrical metal shell) instead of a filament the hot cathode HCFL style uses. Cold cathode fluorescent lamps also include the family of neon lamps that are custom made by sign benders all over the world. Like HCFL, CCFL’s use mercury vapor to excite the phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp to emit visable light. Large diameter CCFL’s are most often used as architectural accents for interior alcove and general lighting applications. Smaller diameter 15mm and under are found in neon signs, back lighting, graphic arts, scanners and other specialized applications.

LCD Lighting manufactures a wide variety of standard and custom linear fluorescent lamp. We manufacturer lamps used worldwide in the retail and industrial settings from the curing and graphic arts industry to supplying the needs of professionals in the aquarium and transportation market. Need help customizing a standard lamp or designing new lamp style- give us a call. Our experience is deep from designing lamps for quality control visions systems to new style of medical lamps, we work with designers to make it. Give us a call.

LCD Lighting manufactures miniature lampsfor avionic displays and cabin lighting in HFCL and CCFL styles. Typically these are custom multiple bend lamp configuration used to backlight liquid crystal displays (LCD), as well as indirect cabin lighting, passenger and crew reading lights, galley and lavatory lighting, entry lighting, cockpit applications, cargo areas, wing inspection lights, exterior emergency lighting, landing lights and many other locations.

Smaller miniature and subminiature cold cathode (CCFL) “straw” lamps and are the premier choice for backlighting, entertainment, and liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in numerous commercial, civil, military, and space avionics information systems. These lamps allow for new opportunities for low profile applications where straight or various bent U, L, S, or rectangular fluorescent lamps are needed.

Compact fluorescent lamps for specialty lamps provide high light output (lm/watt) without consuming high energy or producing excessive heat as compared to incandescent lamps of comparable light output- helps reduce maintenance costs.

We offer many standard and custom designs. With the flexibility of a dual /twin tube design – lamp designers have access to many custom configurations – Clients can choose wattage, shape, size, and standard or special arc lengths and the full range of specialty phosphors from UVA/ UVB and actinic phosphors to lamps OEM styles with two different phosphors (one in each tube)- It’s like having two bulbs in one! Let us know what you want to design.

Plazmo is the largest supplier of CCFL backlights (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp) in North America. We currently have more 1 million CCFL backlights in stock and ready to ship.

The CCFL products we carry consist of hundreds of different sizes of raw Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFLs) available in diameters from 1.8mm - 6.0mm, and lengths from 40mm all the way up to 1,400mm. We also have more than 200,000 complete LCD backlight assemblies in stock in addition to the millions of CCFL backlights Plazmo has in stock.

We specialize in precision color-matching technology and use the latest in testing equipment that allows us to both analyze and produce any color CCFL backlight you want. This includes the full spectrum of white lamps commonly used in various LCD screens as well as specialty color, UV, and infrared lamps that are used in a wide range of applications.

In addition to our standard CCFL backlight offerings, we have complete engineering and manufacturing capabilities for custom designs.  We can make any type of CCFL backlight you might need. If you have an old, obsolete LCD or even a new, yet uncommon, LCD requiring a specific or custom-made backlight, we can help. We make new, specialty backlight lamps for any and all LCD applications, including straight and shaped lamps. Some of the CCFL backlight shapes Plazmo offers are: C, U, L, and M shape lamps. In short, if you don"t find the perfect solution for your LCD backlighting needs on our website,CCFLWarehouse.comorPlazmo.com, just give us a call or send us an email with your specific needs.

To go with the vast array of CCFL backlights we have in stock, we also offer the most common CCFLwire harnessesused in LCD backlighting. We stock UL-rated wire harnesses which include connector types from brands like JST, JAE, Molex, Honda, and many more. We also stock all of the components you would need to make your own, custom harnesses. Those components include High Voltage CCFL lamp wire, terminals, connectors and shrink tube, to name a few. If you need a CCFL wire harness that isn’t found atPlazmo.com, give our experts a call or send us an email. We can custom design and make practically any CCFL wire harnesses you might need. Whether you are a small LCD repair facility or a large OEM, we are CCFL backlight and LED backlight experts, and we are here to help.

Silicone end caps for CCFL backlights are a necessary component in making LCD backlight repairs. That’s why Plazmo carries hundreds of different models of silicone end caps. These include a variety of single, dual and triple LCD backlight lamp assembly varieties. However, not all of the end cap possibilities out there are available directly from our website, but we are able to help you find one that would be compatible with your needs. Send our experts an email or give us a call and we will help you find the right end cap, or, in the rare occurrence that we can not find the right end cap, we can custom manufacture the ones you need. For more information on custom CCFL silicone end caps, our contact information is below; we are here to help.

CCFLs have been used for years as a backlight source. These backlights usually have a hollow glass cylinder - 2 to 10 mm in diameter, that’s internally coated with a phosphorescent material and filled with a noble gas (most commonly argon). The tube is then sealed at both ends with an iron-nickel electrode located at each end of the tube.

CCFLs operate on high-voltage alternating current (AC). When the high voltage is applied the resulting arc ionizes the internal noble gas which produces ultraviolet energy. The ultraviolet energy excites the phosphorescent lining which then produces light in the visible range (400 to 700 nm). The phosphorus make-up determines the color temperature of the visible light output. Typically, the resulting temperature color is in the 2800 - 3200K range, which looks like a warm to standard white light.

Most systems that have LCD panels run on direct current (DC), the DC has to be converted to AC in order power the lamp. An inverter is typically used to create the high-voltage AC. In addition, CCFL backlights require constant current, not constant voltage. Also, the strike voltage or the voltage required to start the light of the CCFL is different than the sustaining voltage. The inverter that’s designed to power an LCD CCFL will typically run at about 50 kHz. The inverter has to be matched to the specifications of the CCFL, particularly the current, strike voltage, and operating voltage.

When power is applied to the inverter, it starts by ramping up the output voltage until the CCFL turns on (an arc strikes). The strike voltage may be several hundred volts higher than the sustaining voltage, just to get the CCFL to light up. After the tube strikes which is identified by current flowing, the inverter then drops the voltage until the rated current is flowing which is typically around 5 to 7 mA. For example, a CCFL may have a strike voltage of approximately 1200 V, an operating voltage of approximately 800 V, and an operating current of 6 mA. Using this example, the power draw would then be 4.8 watts. The inverter switch has built-in protection so that if the tube does not strike after it’s gotten a few hundred volts more than the normal strike voltage, the tube is considered dead.

The life expectancy of CCFLs used as backlights is now around 50,000 - 60,000 hours. CCFLs rarely exhibit catastrophic failure unlike incandescent bulbs. Rather, the tube slowly dims over time due to phosphor erosion. The useful life for all backlights is defined by when the light output from the tube reaches half of its initial brightness. Increasing the current will decrease the life expectancy, but will increase the brightness. The color temperature of the tube doesn’t usually change as the bulb gets older.

In many LCD panels, the CCFLs may be replaced when they reach the end of their useful life. CCFLs typically have low heat generation, about 6 - 8 watts per tube. The heat is spread over the surface area of the tube easing heat dissipation. Most LCDs in the embedded market use 4 tubes or less. However, when many CCFLs, more than 4, are used together in an enclosed panel, overall heat dissipation should be taken into account. The optimum ambient temperature range for the highest efficiency and brightness is 77 to 104°F (25 to 40°C). Depending on the design of the tube, it may operate at temperatures from -22 to +185°F (-30 to +85°C); however, performance may be affected at either end of the spectrum, especially the lower end. At low temperatures the brightness decreases and the strike voltage increases. The typical efficiency of CCFLs is in the range of 70 to 90 lumens-per-watt, although with the competition of LED backlights, new advances are being made to boost efficiency.

Spectro-UV"s X-Series lamps are ideally suited for applications where high-intensity, wide-area UV coverage is required. Constructed of rugged metal with sturdy mounting brackets, these units are available in various combinations of long, medium and/or short wave UV. The complete line also offers lamps in a wide choice of various intensities, sizes and-wattage, including single or double UV tubes. A corrosion-resistant aluminum reflector optimizes UV irradiance, while all short and medium wave models feature our unique LONGLIFE™ filter glass, to ensure high initial UV intensity. These versatile lamps are also a key component of our CL-150 UV photo documentation system. They offer easy wavelength interchangeability making this system ideal for numerous applications requiring a darkened environment.

Adopt electronic torque sensor, the torque value can be measured and displayed in real time, operator manually rotates the light source, test torque is applied for 1 min in a clockwise and anti-clockwise direction, then check the displayed torque indication value on the LCD.

The lampholder is fixed with the clamp, operator directly rotates the opposite light source to measure the positive and negative torque of the lampholder

Responsible for performing installations and repairs (motors, starters, fuses, electrical power to machine etc.) for industrial equipment and machines in order to support the achievement of Nelson-Miller’s business goals and objectives:

• Perform highly diversified duties to install and maintain electrical apparatus on production machines and any other facility equipment (Screen Print, Punch Press, Steel Rule Die, Automated Machines, Turret, Laser Cutting Machines, etc.).

• Provide electrical emergency/unscheduled diagnostics, repairs of production equipment during production and performs scheduled electrical maintenance repairs of production equipment during machine service.

We are an on-demand lighting specialty distributor. We do not have brands or items we try to sell you on, we simply listen to customers and then stock the items and brands they have requested. We have been online since 2007 and have over 75 years of lighting knowledge between our 2 head tech support managers. If it’s an item in one of our categories of items we sell we will be able to get it or suggest an alternative.

This Standard was technically approved by the Flat Panel Display – Color Filter & Optical Elements Global Technical Committee. This edition was approved for publication by the global Audits and Reviews Subcommittee on May 13, 2009. Available at www.semi.org in July 2009; originally published November 2003.

NOTICE: This Standard or Safety Guideline has an Inactive Status because the conditions to maintain Current Status have not been met. Inactive Standards or Safety Guidelines are available from SEMI and continue to be valid for use.

The purpose of this Document is to standardize the method for measurement of electrical and optical characteristics of cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL).

This method shall be used in general for CCFL to measure the initial characteristics of CCFL (single item) and its reliability after tests, and to carry out quality inspection for incoming and outgoing CCFLs.

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I want to install UV shortwave lighting for my fluorescent mineral display. The minerals are on two shelves, each about 30 inches long and 6 inches wide. I believe the UV-C LED strip light will work. I am planning to buy the Filmgrade DC power supply. Is that the right power supply for what I want to do? How do I hook up the two strips (each 1/2 segment of the original)? Is there a way to do this without having to buy two power supplies?

Please feel free to utilize our return policy, if the realUV™ LED Strip Lights wind up not working well for your mineral display. For your testing purposes, please note that we are unable to accept returns for LED strip light products that have been cut or altered, including the removal of the adhesive liner.

Regarding installing multiple strips, there are a few configurations that might work for your installation. I have provided layout links below which illustrate these configurations further. To utilize two strip segments powered by one power supply, you may benefit from using the LED Strip-to-Strip product.

Do I have to unroll the entire LED strip to test it? I would like to test it using just half the length, then test using just 15 inches and finally test it using just 8 inches.

Can I daisy chain two pieces (one will not have a DC connector) for my display and then use the third piece (with the second DC connector) somewhere else?

To daisy-chain the individual UV-C barrel jack lengths together, we sell a product called the Daisy-Chain DC Connector for UV LED Strips, which might prove to be useful.

Fig. 1 represents the block structural diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention, and Fig. 2 represents the circuit structure diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention.

The illuminator 100 of present embodiment is made of the cold-cathode fluorescent tube drive device 102 of cold cathode fluorescent tube 101 and driving cold cathode fluorescent tube portion 101.

As shown in Figure 2, cold cathode fluorescent tube portion 101 is made of 112 the 111 and the 2nd cold cathode fluorescent tube the 1st cold cathode fluorescent tube.The 1st cold cathode fluorescent tube is set up in parallel by cold cathode fluorescent tube 121 and cold cathode fluorescent tube 122 111 and constitutes.In addition, the 2nd cold cathode fluorescent tube constitutes being set up in parallel by cold cathode fluorescent tube 131 and cold cathode fluorescent tube 132.

Cold cathode fluorescent tube 121 1 ends are connected with capacitor C 11 by connector CN1, and the other end is connected with resistance R 11 by connector CN2.Cold cathode fluorescent tube 122 1 ends are connected with capacitor C 12 by connector CN1, and the other end is connected with resistance R 11 by connector CN2.

Cold cathode fluorescent tube 131 1 ends are connected with capacitor C 13 by connector CN4, and the other end is connected with resistance R 13 by connector CN3.Cold cathode fluorescent tube 132 1 ends are connected with capacitor C 14 by connector CN4, and the other end is connected with resistance R 13 by connector CN3.

Controller 152 switch input voltage vin also impose on the primary winding L1 of transformer 151.Thus to 1 coil L1 supplying electric current.Transformer 151 generates and the corresponding electric current of electric current that flows through 1 coil L1 2 coil L2 side inductions, and 2 coil L2 go up generation voltage.Voltage by 2 coil L2 generations is applied on the connector CN1 through capacitor C 11, C12, is applied on the connector CN4 through capacitor C 13, C14 simultaneously.

Testing circuit 142 is made of resistance R 11～R14.Resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 are connected in series mutually, and an end is connected with cold cathode fluorescent tube 122 111 cold cathode fluorescent tube 121 by connector CN2 and the 1st cold cathode fluorescent tube.In addition, the other end ground connection of the series circuit of forming by resistance R 11 and resistance R 12.

In addition, resistance R 13 and resistance R 14 are connected in series mutually, and an end is connected with cold cathode fluorescent tube 132 112 cold cathode fluorescent tube 131 through connector CN3 and the 2nd cold cathode fluorescent tube.In addition, the other end ground connection of the series circuit of forming by resistance R 13 and resistance R 14.

The tie point of the tie point of connector CN2 and resistance R 11 and connector CN3 and resistance R 13 directly is connected with protective circuit 144.In addition, the tie point of the tie point of resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 and resistance R 13 and resistance R 14 is connected with peak holding circuit 143.

Peak holding circuit 143 is made of diode D21, D22, resistance R 21, capacitor C 21, discharge circuit 143a.The anode of diode D21 is connected with the tie point of resistance R 11 with resistance R 12, and negative electrode is connected with an end of capacitor C 21 through resistance R 21.

For example, when the loose contact because of the connector CN1 of hot side produced the electric discharge phenomena of electric arc etc. in the gap of connector CN1 (gap), current potential moment of the tie point of resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 rose rapidly.When the voltage of the tie point of resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 rises, and when bigger than assigned voltage V11, diode D21 connects.When diode D21 connected, electric charge offered capacitor C 21 through resistance R 21.

For example, when the loose contact because of the connector CN4 of hot side produced the electric discharge phenomena of electric arc etc. on the gap of connector CN4, current potential moment of the tie point of resistance R 13 and resistance R 14 rose rapidly.Voltage at the tie point of resistance R 13 and resistance R 14 rises, and when bigger than assigned voltage V11, diode D22 connects.When diode D22 connected, electric charge offered capacitor C 21 through resistance R 21.

The voltage V11 of regulation can be set by forward voltage Vf and the resistance R 21 of diode D21, D22.Therefore, set enough highly by the assigned voltage V11 that diode D21, D22 are connected, only with connector CN1, CN4 bad connection be the electric discharge phenomena of electric arc etc. when taking place, charge could for capacitor C 21.The current potential of capacitor C 21 is supplied to protective circuit 144.

As shown in Figure 1, protective circuit 144 by current control circuit portion 161, extinguish testing circuit portion 162, overcurrent sensing circuit portion 163, stop signal generative circuit portion 164 and constitute.

Current control circuit portion 161 is made of resistance R 31, R32 and current control circuit 171.The voltage of connector CN2, CN3 is supplied to current control circuit 171 through resistance R 31, R32.Current control circuit 171 produces and is used to control the control signal of power circuit 141 so that the voltage constant of connector CN2, CN3.This control signal is supplied to the controller 152 of power circuit 141.Controller 152 for example, is controlled the cycle that applies voltage or pulse duration or the voltage level of 1 coil L1 according to the control signal that comes from current control circuit 171.Control the voltage that applies to cold cathode fluorescent tube portion 101 thus.

Extinguishing testing circuit portion 162 is made of resistance R 33, R34, reference voltage source 172, comparator 173.On the non-counter-rotating terminal of comparator 173, apply reference voltage V ref1 from reference voltage source 172.In addition, on the counter-rotating terminal of comparator 173, apply current potential to connector CN2, apply current potential through resistance R 34 to connector CN3 simultaneously through resistance R 33.When cold cathode fluorescent tube 121,122,131,132 all extinguishes, the current potential of connector CN2 and/or CN3 is than reference voltage V ref1 hour, comparator 173 output high level.The output of this comparator 173 is supplied to stop signal generative circuit portion 164.

In addition, extinguishing in the testing circuit portion 162 of present embodiment, output high level when cold cathode fluorescent tube 121,122,131,132 all extinguishes, and detect extinguishing, but in the time of also can being formed on any one cold cathode fluorescent tube that detects in the cold cathode fluorescent tube 121,122,131,132 and extinguishing, the circuit structure of output high level.

On the counter-rotating input of comparator 175, apply reference voltage V ref2 by reference voltage source 174.In addition, on the non-counter-rotating phase input of comparator 175, apply the voltage of the capacitor C 21 of peak holding circuit 143 through resistance R 35.Because the electric discharge phenomena of electric arc etc. take place in the gap of connector CN1, CN4, the current potential rising repeated multiple times of the tie point of the tie point of resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 and/or resistance R 13 and resistance R 14, in case the charging voltage of capacitor C 21 becomes bigger than reference voltage V ref2, comparator 175 is just exported high level.The output of this comparator 175 is supplied to stop signal generative circuit portion 164.

Stop signal generative circuit portion 164, for example, by or door 176 constitute.The output of extinguishing the comparator 175 of the output of comparator 173 of testing circuit 162 and overcurrent sensing circuit portion 163 is supplied to or door 176.The output of door output of 176 output comparators 173 and comparator 175 or logic.

Or the output of door 176, when being stopped, power circuit 141 becomes high level, when making power circuit 141 be in operate condition, become low level.Should or door 176 output be supplied to the controller 152 of power circuit 141.Power circuit 141 when or door 176 output when being high level, making the voltage that applies to 1 coil L1 of transformer 151 is zero, when or door 176 output when being low level, to 1 coil L1 of transformer 151 apply voltage as with from corresponding cycle of the control signal of current control circuit portion 161 or pulse duration or voltage level.

In addition, or door 176 output export to the outside from terminal Tout.By the state of detection terminal Tout, can detect and extinguish or the states such as loose contact of hot side connector CN1, CN4.In view of the above, can safeguard easily.

Fig. 4 represents the action specification figure of one embodiment of the present of invention.In addition, the voltage of the tie point of Fig. 4 (A) expression resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 or the tie point of resistance R 13 and resistance R 14, the charging voltage of Fig. 4 (B) expression electric capacity, the output of Fig. 4 (C) expression or door 176, the operate condition of Fig. 4 (D) expression power circuit 141, the state of Fig. 4 (E) expression reset terminal Tr.

Shown in Fig. 4 (A), at t1～tn constantly, because the electric discharge phenomena of electric arc etc. take place for the connector CN1 of hot side, the loose contact of CN4 etc., in case diode D21, D22 connection, shown in Fig. 4 (B), capacitor C 21 is slowly charged.The connector CN1 of hot side, the loose contact of CN4 etc. take place n time repeatedly, and when the charging voltage of capacitor C 21 reached reference voltage V ref2 constantly at tn, the output of overcurrent sensing circuit portion 163 became high level.

In case the output of overcurrent sensing circuit portion 163 becomes high level, shown in Fig. 4 (C), because or the output of door 176 maintains high level, so, shown in Fig. 4 (D), the action of power circuit 141 is stopped, making by the voltage supply of power circuit 141 to stop to connector CN1, the CN4 of cold cathode fluorescent tube portion 101.Thus, also vanishing current potential of the voltage of the tie point of the tie point of resistance R 11 shown in Fig. 4 (A) and resistance R 12 or resistance R 13 and resistance R 14.At this moment, because capacitor C 21 keeps its charging voltage, so, also can keep by power circuit 141 and supply with halted state to the voltage of connector CN1, the CN4 of cold cathode fluorescent tube portion 101 even the loose contact of connector CN1, CN4 is temporarily restored.Supply with halted state by power circuit 141 to the voltage of connector CN1, the CN4 of cold cathode fluorescent tube portion 101 and constantly kept at t11, as Fig. 4 (E) shown in, be provided on the reset terminal Tr of peak holding circuit 143 up to reset signal till.Shown in Fig. 4 (E), at t11 constantly,, just shown in Fig. 4 (A), on the tie point of the tie point of resistance R 11 and resistance R 12 or resistance R 13 and resistance R 14, produce voltage once more in case reset signal is fed on the reset terminal Tr of peak holding circuit 143.

Utilize present embodiment, can positively carry out the bad connection protection of cold cathode fluorescent tube.In addition, because power circuit 141 can use the structure identical with existing power circuit 12, so can realize above-mentioned protection simply.

In addition, though two the 1st a pair of cold cathode fluorescent tubes the 111 and the 2nd cold cathode fluorescent tube is made of 112 in the present embodiment, the number of connected cold cathode fluorescent tube is not defined.

(1) Contents. Fluorescent lamp ballasts that are “covered products,” as defined in this part, and to which standards are applicable under section 325 of the Act, shall be marked conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, with a capital letter “E” printed within a circle. Packaging for such fluorescent lamp ballasts, as well as packaging for luminaires into which they are incorporated, shall also be marked conspicuously with a capital letter “E” printed within a circle. For purposes of this section, the encircled capital letter “E” will be deemed “conspicuous,” in terms of size, if it is as large as either the manufacturer"s name or another logo, such as the “UL,” “CBM” or “ETL” logos, whichever is larger, that appears on the fluorescent lamp ballast, the packaging for such ballast or the packaging for the luminaire into which the covered ballast is incorporated, whichever is applicable for purpose of labeling.

(2) Product labeling. The encircled capital letter “E” on fluorescent lamp ballasts must appear conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, (i.e., in a color that contrasts with the background on which the encircled capital letter “E” is placed) on the surface that is normally labeled. It may be printed on the label that normally appears on the fluorescent lamp ballast, printed on a separate label, or stamped indelibly on the surface of the fluorescent lamp ballast.

(3) Package labeling. For purposes of labeling under this section, packaging for such fluorescent lamp ballasts and the luminaires into which they are incorporated consists of the plastic sheeting, or “shrink-wrap,” covering pallet loads of fluorescent lamp ballasts or luminaires as well as any containers in which such fluorescent lamp ballasts or the luminaires into which they are incorporated are marketed individually or in small numbers. The encircled capital letter “E” on packages containing fluorescent lamp ballasts or the luminaires into which they are incorporated must appear conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, on the surface of the package on which printing or a label normally appears. If the package contains printing on more than one surface, the label must appear on the surface on which the product inside the package is described. The encircled capital letter “E” may be printed on the surface of the package, printed on a label containing other information, printed on a separate label, or indelibly stamped on the surface of the package. In the case of pallet loads containing fluorescent lamp ballasts or the luminaires into which they are incorporated, the encircled capital letter “E” must appear conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, on the plastic sheeting, unless clear plastic sheeting is used and the encircled capital letter “E” is legible underneath this packaging. The encircled capital letter “E” must also appear conspicuously on any documentation that would normally accompany such a pallet load. The encircled capital letter “E” may appear on a label affixed to the sheeting or may be indelibly stamped on the sheeting. It may be printed on the documentation, printed on a separate label that is affixed to the documentation or indelibly stamped on the documentation.

(b) General service lamps. Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, any covered product that is a general service lamp shall be labeled as follows:

(1) Principal display panel content. The principal display panel of the product package shall be labeled clearly and conspicuously with the following information:

(ii) The estimated annual energy cost of each lamp included in the package, expressed as “Estimated Energy Cost” in dollars and based on usage of 3 hours per day and 11 cents ($0.11) per kWh.

(2) Principal display panel format. The light output (brightness) and energy cost shall appear in that order and with equal clarity and conspicuousness on the principal display panel of the product package. The format, terms, specifications, and minimum sizes shall follow the specifications and minimum sizes displayed in Prototype Label 5 in appendix L of this part.

(3) Lighting Facts label content. The side or rear display panel of the product package shall be labeled clearly and conspicuously with a Lighting Facts label that contains the following information in the following order:

(ii) The estimated annual energy cost of each lamp included in the package based on the average initial wattage, a usage rate of 3 hours per day and 11 cents ($0.11) per kWh and explanatory text as illustrated in Prototype Label 6 in appendix L of this part;

(iii) The life, as defined in this part, of each lamp included in the package, expressed in years rounded to the nearest tenth (based on 3 hours operation per day);

(iv) The correlated color temperature of each lamp included in the package, as measured in degrees Kelvin and expressed as “Light Appearance” and by a number and a marker in the form of a scale as illustrated in Prototype Label 6 to appendix L of this part placed proportionately on the scale where the left end equals 2,600 K and the right end equals 6,600 K;

(vi) The ENERGY STAR logo as illustrated in Prototype Label 6 to appendix L of this part for certified products, if desired by the manufacturer or private labeler. Only manufacturers or private labelers that have signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Department of Energy or the Environmental Protection Agency may add the ENERGY STAR logo to labels on certified covered products; such manufacturers or private labelers may add the ENERGY STAR logo to labels only on those products that are covered by the Memorandum of Understanding;

(viii) For any general service lamp containing mercury, the following statement: “Contains Mercury For more on clean up and safe disposal, visit epa.gov/cfl.” The manufacturer may also print an “Hg[Encircled]” symbol on the label after the term “Contains Mercury”; and

(4) Standard Lighting Facts label format. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(5) of this section, information specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section shall be presented on covered lamp packages in the format, terms, explanatory text, specifications, and minimum sizes as shown in Prototype Labels 6 in appendix L of this part and consistent in format and orientation with Sample Labels 10, 11, or 12 in appendix L. The text and lines shall be all black or one color type, printed on a white or other neutral contrasting background whenever practical.

(i) The Lighting Facts information shall be set off in a box by use of hairlines and shall be all black or one color type, printed on a white or other neutral contrasting background whenever practical.

(5) Lighting Facts format for small packages. If the total surface area of the product package available for labeling is less than 24 square inches and the package shape or size cannot accommodate the standard label required by paragraph (b)(4) of this section, manufacturers may provide the information specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section using a smaller, linear label following the format, terms, explanatory text, specifications, and minimum sizes illustrated in Prototype Label 7 in appendix L of this part.

(6) Bilingual labels. The information required by paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section may be presented in a second language either by using separate labels for each language or in a bilingual label with the English text in the format required by this section immediately followed by the text in the second language. Sample Label 13 in appendix L of this part provides an example of a bilingual Lighting Facts label. All required information must be included in both languages. Numeric characters that are identical in both languages need not be repeated.

(i) The lamp"s average initial lumens, expressed as a number rounded to the nearest five, adjacent to the word “lumens,” both provided in minimum 8 point font; and

(1) Any specialty consumer lamp that is a vibration-service lamp as defined at 42 U.S.C. 6291, rough service lamp as defined at 42 U.S.C. 6291(30), appliance lamp as defined at 42 U.S.C. 6291(30); or shatter resistant lamp (including a shatter proof lamp and a shatter protected lamp) must be labeled pursuant to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (7) of this section.

(2) Specialty consumer lamp Lighting Facts label content. All specialty consumer lamps not covered by paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall be labeled pursuant to the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) through (7) of this section or as follows:

(i) The principal display panel of the product package shall be labeled clearly and conspicuously with the following information consistent with the Prototype Labels in Appendix L:

(B) The estimated annual energy cost of each lamp included in the package, expressed as “Estimated Energy Cost” in dollars and based on usage of 3 hours per day and 11 cents ($0.11) per kWh; and

(C) The life, as defined in this part, of each lamp included in the package, expressed in years rounded to the nearest tenth (based on 3 hours operation per day).

(iii) If the lamp contains mercury, the lamp shall be labeled legibly on the product with the following statement: “Mercury disposal: epa.gov/cfl” in minimum 8 point font.

(iv) If the required disclosures for a lamp covered by paragraph (c)(2) of this section will not be legible on the front panel of a single-card, blister package due to the small size of the panel, the manufacturer or private labeler may print the statement “Lighting Facts see back” on the principal display panel consistent with the sample label in Appendix L as long as the Lighting Facts label required by paragraph (b)(3) of this section appears on the rear panel.

(3) Specialty Lighting Facts label format. Information specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section shall be presented on covered lamp packages in the format, terms, explanatory text, specifications, and minimum sizes as shown in the Prototype Labels of appendix L and consistent in format and orientation with Sample Labels in Appendix L of this part. The text and lines shall be all black or one color type, printed on a white or other neutral contrasting background whenever practical.

(i) The Lighting Facts information shall be set off in a box by use of hairlines and shall be all black or one color type, printed on a white or other neutral contrasting background whenever practical.

(iii) For small package labels covered by (c)(2)(iv) of this section, the words “Lighting Facts see back” shall appear on the primary display panel in a size and format specified in appendix L of this part.

(4) Bilingual labels. The information required by paragraph (c) of this section may be presented in a second language either by using separate labels for each language or in a bilingual label with the English text in the format required by this section immediately followed by the text in the second language. All required information must be included in both languages. Numeric characters that are identical in both languages need not be repeated.

(d) For lamps that do not meet the definition of general service lamp or specialty consumer lamp, manufacturers and private labelers have the discretion to label with the Lighting Facts label as long as they comply with all requirements applicable to specialty consumer lamps in this part.

(1) Any covered incandescent lamp that is subject to and does not comply with the January 1, 2012 or January 1, 2013 efficiency standards specified in 42 U.S.C. 6295 or the DOE standards at 10 CFR 430.32(n)(5) effective July 14, 2012 shall be labeled clearly and conspicuously on the principal display panel of the product package with the following information in lieu of the labeling requirements specified in paragraph (b):

(2) The light output, energy usage and life ratings of any product covered by paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall appear in that order and with equal clarity and conspicuousness on the product"s principal display panel. The light output, energy usage and life ratings shall be disclosed in terms of “lumens,” “watts,” and “hours” respectively, with the lumens, watts, and hours rating numbers each appearing in the same type style and size and with the words “lumens,” “watts,” and “hours” each appearing in the same type style and size. The words “light output,” “energy used,” and “life” shall precede and have the same conspicuousness as both the rating numbers and the words “lumens,” “watts,” and “hours,” except that the letters of the words “lumens,” “watts,” and “hours” shall be approximately 50% of the sizes of those used for the words “light output,” “energy used,” and “life,” respectively.

(1) The required disclosures of any covered product that is a general service lamp or specialty consumer lamp shall be measured at 120 volts, regardless of the lamp"s design voltage. If a lamp"s design voltage is 125 volts or 130 volts, the disclosures of the wattage, light output, energy cost, and life ratings shall in each instance be:

(i) At 120 volts and followed by the phrase “at 120 volts.” In such case, the labels for such lamps also may disclose the lamp"s wattage, light output, energy cost, and life at the design voltage (e.g., “Light Output 1710 Lumens at 125 volts”); or

(ii) At the design voltage and followed by the phrase “at (125 volts/130 volts)” if the ratings at 120 volts are disclosed clearly and conspicuously on another panel of the package, and if all panels of the package that contain a claimed light output, energy cost, wattage or lifeclearly and conspicuously identify the lamp as “(125 volt/130 volt),” and if the principal display panel clearly and conspicuously discloses the following statement:

This product is designed for (125/130) volts. When used on the normal line voltage of 120 volts, the light output and energy efficiency are noticeably reduced. See (side/back) panel for 120 volt ratings.

(2) For any covered product that is an incandescent reflector lamp, the required disclosures of light output shall be given for the lamp"s total forward lumens.

(3) For any covered product that is a compact fluorescent lamp, the required light output disclosure shall be measured at a base-up position; but, if the manufacturer or private labeler has reason to believe that the light output at a base-down position would be more than 5% different, the label also shall disclose the light output at the base-down position or, if no test data for the base-down position exist, the fact that at a base-down position the light output might be more than 5% less.

(4) For any covered product that is a general service lamp or specialty consumer lamp and operates at discrete, multiple light levels (e.g., 800, 1600, and 2500 lumens), the light output, energy cost, and wattage disclosures required by this section must be provided at each of the lamp"s levels of light output and the lamp"s life provided on the basis of the shortest lived operating mode. The multiple numbers shall be separated by a “/” (e.g., 800/1600/2500 lumens) if they appear on the same line on the label.

(5) A manufacturer or private labeler who distributes general service fluorescent lamps, general service lamps, or specialty consumer lamp without labels attached to the lamps or without labels on individual retail-sale packaging for one or more lamps may meet the package disclosure requirements of this section by making the required disclosures, in the manner and form required by those paragraphs, on the bulk shipping cartons that are to be used to display the lamps for retail sale.

(6) Any manufacturer or private labeler who makes any representation, other than those required by this section, on a package of any covered product that is a general service fluorescent lamp, general service lamp, or specialty consumer lamp regarding the cost of operation or life of such lamp shall clearly and conspicuously disclose in close proximity to such representation the assumptions upon which it is based, including, e.g., purchase price, unit cost of electricity, hours of use, patterns of use. If those assumptions differ from those required for the cost and life information on the Lighting Facts label (11 cents per kWh and 3 hours per day), the manufacturer or private labeler must also disclose, with equal clarity and conspicuousness and in close proximity to, the same representation based on the assumptions for cost and life required on the Lighting Facts label.

(1) Any covered product that is a general service fluorescent lamp or an incandescent reflector lamp shall be labeled clearly and conspicuously with a capital letter “E” printed within a circle and followed by an asterisk. The label shall also clearly and conspicuously disclose, either in close proximity to that asterisk or elsewhere on the label, the following statement:

(ii) For purposes of this paragraph, the encircled capital letter “E” shall be clearly and conspicuously disclosed in color-contrasting ink on the label of any covered product that is a general service fluorescent lamp and will be deemed “conspicuous,” in terms of size, if it appears in typeface at least as large as either the manufacturer"s name or logo or another logo disclosed on the label, such as the “UL” or “ETL” logos, whichever is larger.

(2) Instead of labeling any covered product that is a general service fluorescent lamp with the encircled “E” and with the statement described in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, a manufacturer or private labeler who would not otherwise put a label on such a lamp may meet the disclosure requirements of that paragraph by permanently marking the lamp clearly and conspicuously with the encircled “E.”

(3) Any cartons in which any covered products that are general service fluorescent lamps and general service lamps are shipped within the United States or imported into the United States shall disclose clearly and conspicuously the following statement:

(1) Contents. Metal halide ballasts contained in a metal halide lamp fixture covered by this Part shall be marked conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, with a capital letter “E” printed within a circle. Packaging for metal halide lamp fixtures covered by this part shall also be marked conspicuously with a capital letter “E” printed within a circle. For purposes of this section, the encircled capital letter “E” will be deemed “conspicuous,” in terms of size, if it is as large as either the manufacturer"s name or another logo, such as the “UL,” “CBM” or “ETL” logos, whichever is larger, that appears on the metal halide ballast, or the packaging for the metal halide lamp fixture, whichever is applicable for purposes of labeling.

(2) Product labeling. The encircled capital letter “E” on metal halide ballasts must appear conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink (i.e., in a color that contrasts with the background on which the encircled capital letter “E” is placed) on the surface that is normally labeled. It may be printed on the label that normally appears on the metal halide ballast, printed on a separate label, or stamped indelibly on the surface of the metal halide ballast.

(3) Package labeling. For purposes of labeling under this section, packaging for metal halide lamp fixtures consists of the plastic sheeting, or “shrink-wrap,” covering pallet loads of metal halide lamp fixtures as well as any containers in which such metal halide lamp fixtures are marketed individually or in small numbers. The encircled capital letter “E” on packages containing metal halide lamp fixtures must appear conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, on the surface of the package on which printing or a label normally appears. If the package contains printing on more than one surface, the label must appear on the surface on which the product inside the package is described. The encircled capital letter “E” may be printed on the surface of the package, printed on a label containing other information, printed on a separate label, or indelibly stamped on the surface of the package. In the case of pallet loads containing metal halide lamp fixtures, the encircled capital letter “E” must appear conspicuously, in color-contrasting ink, on the plastic sheeting, unless clear plastic sheeting is used and the encircled capital letter “E” is legible underneath this packaging.