distinguish between crt and lcd monitors in stock

CRT and LCD are both display devices. CRT is an old technology whereas LCD is modern one. One major difference between CRT and LCD is in the technology used for image formation. The CRT display produces an image by using an electron beam, while LCD display produces an image on the screen using liquid crystal display.

CRT stands for Cathode Ray Tube. CRT displays produce an image on the screen by using a sharp beam of electrons that is highly focused to hit a phosphor screen present in front of the tube. The important components of a CRT are electron gun, focusing mechanism, and phosphor screen.

CRT was used in earlier TVs and computer monitors. CRT produces poor quality images on the screen and also consumes large electricity. The lifespan of CRT displays is very short. Because of all reasons, CRTs are being replaced by other display technologies these days.

LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. In LCD, liquid crystals are used to produce images on the screen. LCD displays are thin and more energy efficient, thus they are used in several small sized devices like mobiles, laptops, TVs, desktop computer monitors, calculators, etc.

In LCDs, light is obtained from external sources, and then it is converted into a definite graphics pattern using optical effects. LCDs have several advantages over CRT such as less power consumption, faster response, smaller size, low cost, etc.

Both CRT and LCD have their own advantages and disadvantages. However, these days, CRTs have almost become extinct. No one seems to be using them anymore. LCDs and other display technologies have replaced them because the new devices are highly efficient in terms of cost, power, and performance.

CRT stands for Cathode Ray Tube and LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display area unit the kinds of display devices wherever CRT is employed as standard display devices whereas LCD is more modern technology. These area unit primarily differentiated supported the fabric they’re made from and dealing mechanism, however, each area unit alleged to perform identical perform of providing a visible variety of electronic media. Here, the crucial operational distinction is that the CRT integrates the 2 processes lightweight generation and lightweight modulation and it’s additionally managed by one set of elements. Conversely, the LCD isolates the 2 processes kind one another that’s lightweight generation and modulation.

Since the production of cathode ray tubes has essentially halted due to the cost and environmental concerns, CRT-based monitors are considered an outdated technology. All laptops and most desktop computer systems sold today come with LCD monitors. However, there are a few reasons why you might still prefer CRT over LCD displays.

While CRT monitors provide better color clarity and depth, the fact that manufacturers rarely make them anymore makes CRTs an unwise choice. LCD monitors are the current standard with several options. LCD monitors are smaller in size and easier to handle. Plus, you can buy LCD monitors in a variety of sizes, so customizing your desktop without all the clutter is easy.

The primary advantage that CRT monitors hold over LCDs is color rendering. The contrast ratios and depths of colors displayed on CRT monitors are better than what an LCD can render. For this reason, some graphic designers use expensive and large CRT monitors for their work. On the downside, the color quality degrades over time as the phosphors in the tube break down.

Another advantage that CRT monitors hold over LCD screens is the ability to easily scale to various resolutions. By adjusting the electron beam in the tube, the screen can be adjusted downward to lower resolutions while keeping the picture clarity intact. This capability is known as multisync.

The biggest disadvantage of CRT monitors is the size and weight of the tubes. An equivalently sized LCD monitor can be 80% smaller in total mass. The larger the screen, the bigger the size difference. CRT monitors also consume more energy and generate more heat than LCD monitors.

For the most vibrant and rich colors, CRTs are hard to beat if you have the desk space and don"t mind the excessive weight. However, with CRTs becoming a thing of the past, you may have to revisit the LCD monitor.

The biggest advantage of LCD monitors is the size and weight. LCD screens also tend to produce less eye fatigue. The constant light barrage and scan lines of a CRT tube can cause strain on heavy computer users. The lower intensity of the LCD monitors coupled with the constant screen display of pixels being on or off is easier on the eyes. That said, some people have issues with the fluorescent backlights used in some LCD displays.

The most notable disadvantage to LCD screens is the fixed resolution. An LCD screen can only display the number of pixels in its matrix. Therefore, it can display a lower resolution in one of two ways: using only a fraction of the total pixels on the display, or through extrapolation. Extrapolation blends multiple pixels together to simulate a single smaller pixel, which often leads to a blurry or fuzzy picture.

For those who are on a computer for hours, an LCD can be an enemy. With the tendency to cause eye fatigue, computer users must be aware of how long they stare at an LCD monitor. While LCD technology is continually improving, using techniques to limit the amount of time you look at a screen alleviates some of that fatigue.

Significant improvements have been made to LCD monitors over the years. Still, CRT monitors provide greater color clarity, faster response times, and wider flexibility for video playback in various resolutions. Nonetheless, LCDs will remain the standard since these monitors are easier to manufacture and transport. Most users find LCD displays to be perfectly suitable, so CRT monitors are only necessary for those interested in digital art and graphic design.

The main key difference between CRT and LCD exist in their image forming technique. CRT displays images on the screen by making use of an electron beam while in LCD utilizes liquid crystals for the formation of an image on the screen. Here we will discuss some other important main key difference between CRT and LCD to better understand this topic.

CRT stands for a cathode-ray tube. It is a display device used in the television set and computer monitors. It is a one kind of vacuum tube that contains one or more electron guns, electrostatic deflection plates, and a phosphor target which is located at the back of the glass screen.

LCD stands for liquid crystal display. It monitors a computer monitor or display that uses LCD technology to show clear images and is found in many laptop computers and flat-panel monitors. This device is available to display arbitrary images or some fixed images with low information content. Which can be displayed or hidden such as preset word, some digits, and seven-segment display and also a digital clock.

CRT and LCD both are display devices. The power consumed by LCD is approximately around the 1/3rd of that of the CRT.CRT consuming high power compared to LCD.

A major component of CRT is phosphor screen, electron gun, vacuum glass tube, deflection plate. While in The main component of LCD was an internal light source, glass plate, nematic liquid crystal.

One of the excellent properties of LCD over CRT is its an antiglare property. LCD screen more efficiently reduces the glare generated by light as compared to the CRT.

CRT is more dominant in flickering as it possesses a low refresh rate that causes a drop in image brightness that is easily recognized by makes eyes. While flickering is not that much higher in LCD due to its high refresh rate.

There are two primary types of computer monitors in use today: LCD monitors and CRT monitors. Nearly every modern desktop computer is attached to an LCD monitor. This page compares the pros and cons of both the CRT type displays and LCD or flat-panel type displays. You"ll quickly discover that the LCD or flat-panel displays pretty much sell themselves and why they are the superior display used today.

LCD monitors are much thinner than CRT monitors, being only a few inches in thickness (some can be nearly 1" thick). They can fit into smaller, tighter spaces, whereas a CRT monitor can"t in most cases.

Although a CRT can have display issues, there is no such thing as a dead pixel on a CRT monitor. Many issues can also be fixed by degaussing the monitor.

LCD monitors have a slightly bigger viewable area than a CRT monitor. A 19" LCD monitor has a diagonal screen size of 19" and a 19" CRT monitor has a diagonal screens size of about 18".

A cathode-ray tube monitor is a display device used in television sets and computer monitors. It is a kind of vacuum tube which contains one or more electron guns, electrostatic deflection plates and a phosphor target which is located at the back of the glass screen.

In computer or in a television set, images and color are produced by shooting and controlling the electrons beams representing each additive color light (red, blue and green) using the video signal as the reference. The brightness, color and persistence of the illumination can be varied using different kinds of phosphor.

Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) have an electron gun at the end of the monitor tube. The electron gun emits electron beam that strikes the phosphors dots on the monitor screen.

The article provides a detailed insight into the difference between CRT and LCD display type of PC monitors. Take time to read through to get awareness.

The primary component used in the CRT is the vacuum tube while in LCD it is liquid crystal. The LCD uses shutter effect and also known as twisting of light for displaying images. On the other hand, CRT employs beam penetration and shadow masking methods.

CRT expands to (Cathode Ray Tube) which uses electron beam (cathode rays) and utilized in monochromatic display monitors. CRT is made up of a glass tube where in one end there exists a display screen coated with phosphor while on the other end connectors are attached to it.

Phosphor posses a useful property of light, it can emit light (Fluorescence) continuously for a specific duration when struck by an electron beam. This fluorescence is consistently glowing even after removing the beam which is known as phosphor persistence. The various types of phosphor and variable time period are capable of generating different colours of the light.

On the reverse side of the screen, there is an electron gun placed, to emit electrons. The electrons in the electron gun are controlled through the control electrode and forced by concentrating the electrode into the narrow beam at the tiny spots over the phosphor coating. When the electron beam crosses the deflection plates, they are compelled to bend in the horizontal and vertical direction according to the horizontal and vertical deflection plate.

The displaying image is stored at the memory area known as a frame buffer, and the control circuit is a significant component for producing proper video signals for the display monitor.

The colour CRT uses three different electron guns inspite of single electron guns and three kinds of phosphor coating inside the display screen. This phosphor coating is capable of emitting red, green and blue light.

Now, what is refresh rate? The rate at which the content of the frame buffer transmitted to the display monitor is referred to a refresh rate. The required rate of refreshing for proper functioning is 60 frames per second or even more than that. The flickering effect is one of the major demerits of the CRT’s which causes due low refreshing rate. The low refreshing rates rise the inability of integration of light impulses from the phosphor dots into a stable picture.

Another major issue in CRT is that the phosphor persistence of monitor must be accurate, sufficiently long for a frame to retain the visibility while short enough to fade prior to the next frame is displayed.

LCD (Liquid Crystal Displays) are categorized under the non-emissive displays as it uses optical effects to transform the light into graphics pattern. It renders the pictures on monitors by passing the polarized light from the atmosphere or internal light source across a liquid crystal material which can completely allow the light to transmit or block it.

Here the meaning of the liquid crystals is associated with the liquid characteristic of the molecules even after being arranged in a crystalline structure. These are the flat panel displays usually uses nematic liquid crystals, where the molecules align in free patterns. These are constructed by the two glass plates each containing a light polarizer positioned at 90° degrees to the other plates sandwiching the liquid crystal material. The rows of horizontal transparent conductor and column vertical transparent conductors are arranged in the two distinct glass plates where their intersection specifies a pixel position.

The alignment of the molecules in LCD is shown in the diagram given below where in the “on state” the polarized light surpassing the material is tilted at 90 degrees making it possible to be passed through the opposite polarizer. After that, the light is reflected back to the viewer. For switching off the pixel the voltage is applied to the two intersecting conductors to align the molecules causing 0° degrees of rotation.

In LCD’s to present colours a triad of colour pixels is placed at each pixel location which is formed using different materials or dies, these are known as passive matrix display. In some cases, the LCD is constructed using a transistor, here the primary task of the transistor is to regulate the voltage at each pixel positions and preventing the leakage of charges from liquid crystal cells.

The cost of CRT is low due to the popularity of LCD, the use of CRT had been extremely reduced while LCD can be purchased at a higher price as compared to CRT.

The equipment used in CRT to form image is the electron beam. On the contrary, the liquid crystal is the major component of LCD in the formation of the image.

CRT is the older technology which also has flaws such as image flickering, high power consumption, low resolution. However, these are still in use in some places. On the other side, LCD is newer technology and has eliminated several limitations of CRT’s, but still, CRT response rate is better than LCD.

CRT and LCD are two display technologies used by monitors. CRT is an older technology. For domestic applications, CRT screens have largely been replaced by LCD and plasma screens. However, CRTs continue to be used in science and medicine, where they are used in as cathode ray oscilloscopes (CROs). The main difference between CRT and LCD is that the CRT screens use electron guns to shoot beams of electrons in order to display images whereas LCD screens use the “twist” in liquid crystals to display the images.

CRT stands for cathode ray tube. In CRTs, there are heated metal filaments called cathodes. These filaments emit electrons which are then accelerated by anodes, forming beams of electrons. An anode-cathode pair producing an electron beam is called an electron gun.  The intensity of the electron beam can be controlled by changing the voltage applied to the cathode.

These accelerated electrons travel through a vacuum and strike the television screen. The screen of a CRT is coated with a phosphor, so that when electrons strike the screen, a glow is produced. The brightness of the glow depends on the intensity of the electron beam. The screen is made of many pixels, each pixel consisting of regions coated with different phosphors that would give off a red, green or blue light when electrons strike it. There are three electron beams produced by three electron guns, each beam made to strike a particular phosphor and produce a specific colour. Since the blue, green and red lights are produced in a small region we do not see the individual red, green and blue lights. Instead, depending on how much red, green and blue is present, we can see various colours.

To make sure that electrons from each beam ends up on the intended pixel and not on a neighbouring pixel, a shadow mask is used. This consists of a metal sheet with holes, and it sits behind the screen (some CRTs make use of a filter called aperture grill instead of a shadow mask). To produce an image, electron guns need to illuminate one pixel at a time. They do this at a very fast speed, however, so that we do not notice each pixel lighting up one by one.

LCD stands for liquid crystal display. An LCD has two polarising filters placed behind the screen, with their angles of polarisation perpendicular to each other. Normally, if two polarising filters are placed in this way, light cannot reach the screen. However, LCDs have a material called “twisted nematic liquid crystals” sandwiched between these two polarising filters. Liquid crystals are a special type of molecules which are arranged like molecules in a solid, although they have the ability to move about. In particular, twisted nematic liquid crystals can twist. Because they twist, they rotate the plane of polarisation of light passing through them.

In LCD screens, the liquid crystals are placed in such a way that their twist allows the light coming through one polarising filter to pass through the other filter. The “amount of twist” in the molecules, and thereby how much of the light passes through the filters, can be altered by means of a potential difference applied across the liquid crystal layer. The diagram below shows the different layers present in an LCD screen:

Just like a CRT, the LCD screen is also made of many pixels, each pixel consisting of three subpixels to produce red, green and blue light. Each subpixel is given an electrode so that by altering the voltage of this electrode, it is possible to alter the brightness of each coloured subpixel. The following video describes how an LCD screen works, with animations:

CRT screens use electron guns to shoot a beam of electrons onto the screen. The screen is coated with a phosphor, which glows when electrons strike it.

LCD screens use an electric field to untwist molecules of liquid crystals sandwiched between two polarising filters so that the electric field can control the .

Contrary to popular belief, CRT screens are technically capable of producing better-quality images with a high contrast, since they do not need to be backlit, like LCD screens.

In today’s world, most of the information is accessed by people by displaying it on screen. And whatever is displayed on the screen takes the help of display devices. Display devices are devices that are output sources and present the information in visual form.

In the market, there are plenty of display devices are available. They are mainly differentiated based on working mechanisms and materials used while their construction. LCD and CRT are two of the common display devices.

The difference between LCD and CRT is that their primary components such as liquid crystals are used in LCD whereas a vacuum tube is used in CRT. In terms of consumption of power, LCD consumes less power than CRT. Shutter effect is used in LCD or to display image use twisting of light. While CRT uses beam penetration and methods of shadow masking.

LCD is an abbreviation of liquid crystal display. It uses liquid crystals to display information and when electricity passes through it and becomes visible on screen.

The display quality is better because images do not flicker and the display is much thinner. LCD can be used for both purposes including business and consumer. Smartphones, computer monitors, and televisions are common examples.

CRT is an abbreviation of cathode ray tube. It uses a vacuum tube to produce images. Image is generated when phosphorescent surface strikes with an electron beam.

The color on the screen is generated with the help of a blend of RGB (Red, Green, and Blue). In terms of size, they are much heavier and takes up a lot of space. This technology is used in traditional television and camps.

LCD or liquid crystal display is a sort of flat panel display, and while its operation at the primary level uses liquid crystals. To produce color or monochrome images, liquid crystals use a backlight or reflector instead of emitting light directly.

LCDs can be majorly classified into Twisted Nematic or TN, In Panel Switching displays or IPS Panels, Vertical Alignment Panels (VA Panels), and Advanced Fringe Field Switching (AFFS).

Several applications in the market use LCDs such as computer monitors, aircraft cockpit displays, LCD televisions, and many more. For consumer devices, LCD screens are used in watches, smartphones, and digital cameras, etc.

LCDs are popular in the market due to their features including no geometric distortion, magnetic fields do not affect it, during operation it emits a small amount of heat and it is very light, compact, and thin.

CRT or cathode ray tube is a specified vacuum tube that generates images. Images are generated with the help of a phosphorescent surface when an electron beam strikes it. CRTs can be color (uses three electron guns) or monochrome (uses one electron gun).

There are majorly two types of CRT displays: random scan display and raster scan display. In which random scan display draws lines and images too in any order but shaded realistic scenes cannot be displayed.

Deflection coils produce electromagnetic fields at very low frequencies and allow adjustment of electron beam’s direction. Deflecting coils consist of two sets mainly horizontal and vertical.

CRT has several advantages such as it is less expensive, more colors are produced, no motion artifacts, fast response time, by reflecting the light monitor’s brightness increases and high pixel resolution.

It also has some limitations including consumption of a large amount of electricity, takes up space, geometrical error, and its heaviness and bulkiness.

Major components which are included in LCD are nematic liquid crystals, internal light sources, and glass plates. On the other hand, CRT consists of a phosphor screen, deflection plated, electron gun, and vacuum glass tube.

LCD lasts for 30,000 to 60,000 hours due to its backlight but the backlight is replaceable and quite expensive. CRT lasts for more than 80,000 hours which is more than LCD and Plasma.

In terms of display quality, images of LCD do not flicker as a result better display quality can be seen in LCD. Whereas CRT does not offer better display quality due to its image flickering problem.

LCD and CRT both can be affected by many measures. The operation of LCD can be affected in the case of extreme temperature levels whether high or low. But due to external magnetic field CRT can be affected.

When it comes to usage, LCD can be used in flat screens such as laptops, cellular phones, etc. On the flip side, CRT is used on old computer monitors and televisions.

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Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were once the only way to convey pictures. They are large, bulky and consume a lot of power. Liquid Crystal Displays or more commonly known as LCDs are beginning to replace CRTs in most applications today. They are essentially the reverse of what CRTs are, light, thin, and energy efficient. Also, because of the high power consumption of CRT displays, it needs to dissipate a greater amount of energy which makes it run hotter compared to LCDs.

The only aspect where CRT wins over LCD in performance is in the response time. Older LCDs have been plagued with very slow response times that create ghosting effects on the screen whenever there is high speed motion. This made early LCD screens unsuitable for most gaming needs and even in viewing movies, but newer LCDs have improved on it and this is no longer such a big issue.

Understandably, LCDs cost significantly more compared to CRTs in displays of the same size due to the more complex production process that is needed to produce LCDs. But consumers often rationalize that the extra cost is recovered after a while due to the significantly lower power consumption. The physical dimensions of the LCD also meant that it is usable in so many applications where CRTs would simply be impractical to use. Aside from the usual TV screen or computer monitor, LCDs are also used in mobile phones, digital cameras, music players, GPS navigators, and so much more.

A problem that is unique to LCD screens is the dead pixel, which is unheard of in CRT screens. Since LCDs are a matrix of pixels, one or more of these pixels may not function due to irregularities in the production process. This leaves a small dot on the screen that doesn’t change with the display, appearing like a small piece of dirt stuck in there. Most manufacturers would accept and replace screens that have dead pixels in them but it is always best to inquire about the warranty and their dead pixel policy.

Resolution on a CRT is flexible and a newer model will provide you with viewing resolutions of up to 1600 by 1200 and higher, whereas on an LCD the resolution is fixed within each monitor (called a native resolution). The resolution on an LCD can be changed, but if you’re running it at a resolution other than its native resolution you will notice a drop in performance or quality.

Both types of monitors (newer models) provide bright and vibrant color display. However, LCDs cannot display the maximum color range that a CRT can. In terms of image sharpness, when an LCD is running at its native resolution the picture quality is perfectly sharp. On a CRT the sharpness of the picture can be blemished by soft edges or a flawed focus.

A CRT monitor can be viewed from almost any angle, but with an LCD this is often a problem. When you use an LCD, your view changes as you move different angles and distances away from the monitor. At some odd angles, you may notice the picture fade, and possibly look as if it will disappear from view.

Some users of a CRT may notice a bit of an annoying flicker, which is an inherent trait based on a CRTs physical components. Today’s graphics cards, however, can provide a high refresh rate signal to the CRT to get rid of this otherwise annoying problem. LCDs are flicker-free and as such the refresh rate isn’t an important issue with LCDs.

Dot pitch refers to the space between the pixels that make up the images on your screen, and is measured in millimeters. The less space between pixels, the better the image quality. On either type of monitor, smaller dot pitch is better and you’re going to want to look at something in the 0.26 mm dot pitch or smaller range.

Most people today tend to look at a 17-inch CRT or bigger monitor. When you purchase a 17-inch CRT monitor, you usually get 16.1 inches or a bit more of actual viewing area, depending on the brand and manufacturer of a specific CRT. The difference between the “monitor size” and the “view area” is due to the large bulky frame of a CRT. If you purchase a 17″ LCD monitor, you actually get a full 17″ viewable area, or very close to a 17″.

There is no denying that an LCD wins in terms of its physical size and the space it needs. CRT monitors are big, bulky and heavy. They are not a good choice if you’re working with limited desk space, or need to move the monitor around (for some odd reason) between computers. An LCD on the other hand is small, compact and lightweight. LCDs are thin, take up far less space and are easy to move around. An average 17-inch CRT monitor could be upwards of 40 pounds, while a 17&-inch LCD would weigh in at around 15 pounds.

As an individual one-time purchase an LCD monitor is going to be more expensive. Throughout a lifetime, however, LCDs are cheaper as they are known to have a longer lifespan and also a lower power consumption. The cost of both technologies have come down over the past few years, and LCDs are reaching a point where smaller monitors are within many consumers’ price range. You will pay more for a 17″ LCD compared to a 17″ CRT, but since the CRT’s actual viewing size is smaller, it does bring the question of price back into proportion. Today, fewer CRT monitors are manufactured as the price on LCDs lowers and they become mainstream.

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The crucial difference between CRT and LCD exist in their image forming technique. CRT displays image on the screen by making use of electron beam, however, LCD utilizes liquid crystals for the formation of an image on the screen.

Another major difference that exists between CRT and LCD is their size and dimension. CRT monitors are thicker and heavier but small in size than that of LCD.

We will discuss some other important differences between CRT and LCD but before that have a look at the rough draft of the contents to be discussed under this article.

DisadvantagesHeavy, gets heated at rapid rate during operation.Provides fixed aspect ratio and resolution, requires large area, operating temperature is limited between 0 -60 degrees.

CRT is expanded as Cathode ray tube. It is a vacuum tube that produces images when a sharp beam of the electron which is highly focused hits the phosphor screen that is present at the front-end of the tube.

It consists of certain basic components that are responsible for the generation of an image on the screen. The figure below shows internal system involved in a CRT:

An electron gun assembly is present that produces a sharp beam of electrons. These electrons when moves inside the tube experience acceleration by the anode and focused towards the screen.

The two deflection plates are the reason for the movement of the beam horizontally and vertically. However, as the two movements are not dependent on each other thus the beam after hitting the screen, gets fixed anywhere on it.

When we talk about the screen of CRT then it is basically termed as the faceplate. The inner surface where the beam strikes is basically a phosphor coating. This phosphor is responsible for the conversion of electrical energy generated by the movement of the electron beam into light energy.

It is noteworthy in case of CRT that phosphor screen generates secondary electrons when electron beam hits it. So, in order to sustain an electrical equilibrium, the secondary emitted electrons must be collected which is done by aquadag.

LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. In LCD liquid crystal is utilized in order to generate a definite image on the screen. Liquid crystal is basically termed as the fourth state of matter. It permits the display to be very thin and thus supports numerous applications.

When we talk about LCD then its principle of working is such that light energy is not produced by LCD, despite light energy generated by an external source is controlled in order to have light or dark appearance at some particular areas.

Here, a layer of liquid crystal is placed between 2 polarizing films. When light emitted by an external source falls on the layer of liquid crystal then their combination generates a coloured visible image that is displayed on the screen.

An external potential is provided to the liquid crystal. This potential changes the orientation of the molecules. After this polarized light is passed to the crystal that generates bright and dark spots at the screen of the display.

One of the excellent property of LCD over CRT is its antiglare property. LCD screen more efficiently reduces the glare generated by light as compared to CRT.

CRT is more dominant to flickering as it possesses a low refresh rate that causes a drop in image brightness that is easily recognized by naked eyes.As against, flickering is not that much higher in LCD due to its high refresh rate.

CRT and LCD both have their separate advantages and disadvantage over the image formation technique. But LCD has replaced CRT very efficiently in the recent era. Despite LCD is more costly than CRT but due to its better image display and almost negligible flickering property, it is widely used.

CRTs are analog devices controlled by the varying voltages in the signal. There are also two controls for each of the three "beams" coming off the electron gun: bias and gain. When the three bias controls and gain controls are lumped together, you have contrast and brightness. All of these together control the floor and ceiling of the amplification (black and white luminance) as well as how quickly the luminance of the display increases from black to white. These are the controls most users know.

LCDs are digital devices and are a completely different animal. When run digitally, there is no bias or gain and in some instances...no contrast adjustment. The only variation is the intensity of the backlight. This is how LCDs connected to a computer through a DVI or ADC cable will operate. Unfortunately, digital interfaces for displays did not exist when LCDs were first introduced, so manufacturers tried to graft on analog controls since an analog signal was being used. This has caused mixed results. In most cases, setting brightness and/or contrast too high on an LCD with an analog connection will introduce clipping of the lighter tones.

Our goal is to achieve the highest contrast ratio and luminance without introducing clipping. We are measuring the luminance of a white patch and a very light gray patch and checking to see if there is an appropriate difference between them. We have found that some displays (usually laptops) will not produce a large enough luminance difference between the two patches regardless of the contrast setting. You can do this test visually. The alternating patches will be displayed continuously. If you can see them change with contrast all the way up, you can proceed. If not, turn the contrast down until you can see the difference and then proceed.

LCDs respond rather slowly to contrast and brightness adjustments and may take some time to stabilize. Since they change over time, this can cause the luminance of two sequential measurements to be greater or smaller, thus causing the indicator to move. That"s why we recommend waiting for the indicator to stabilize. When the indicator stabilizes, the display probably has as well.