are handheld display screens real made in china

A folding screen, also known as pingfeng (simplified Chinese: 屏风; traditional Chinese: 屏風; pinyin: píngfēng), is a type of free-standing furniture consisting of several frames or panels, which are often connected by hinges or by other means. They have practical and decorative uses, and can be made in a variety of designs with different kinds of materials. Folding screens originated from ancient China, eventually spreading to the rest of East Asia, and were popular amongst Europeans.

Folding screens were originally made from wooden panels and painted on lacquered surfaces, eventually folding screens made from paper or silk became popular too.antiquity, it became rapidly popular during the Tang dynasty (618–907).paintings and calligraphy on.huaping (Chinese: 畫屛; shuping (Chinese: 書屛; Song-era painter Guo Xi.lacquer techniques for the Coromandel screens, which is known as kuancai (款彩 "incised colors"), emerged during the late Ming dynasty (1368-1644)mother-of-pearl, ivory, or other materials.

The byeongpung (Korean: 병풍; "Folding screen") became significant during the period of Unified Silla (668–935).byeongpung were as decoration, as room dividers, or to block wind caused by draft from the Ondol heated floors which were common across Korea.byeongpung screens known as throne room of some Joseon kings, placed immediately behind the throne. Several examples of irworobongdo can be seen across palaces in Korea such as at Gyeongbok Palace, Changdeok Palace and Changgyeonggung.

The characteristic of folding screens in the Muromachi period was the spatial expression of silence, but in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, when daimyo (feudal lords) competed for supremacy, folding screens with paintings of tigers and dragons became popular.Edo period, as the economy developed, emerging merchants became patrons in the production of folding screens. In this period, the Rinpa school folding screens were popular, which were characterized by highly decorative designs using gold or silver foil, bold compositions depicting simple objects, and repeated patterns.

Folding screens were introduced in the late Middle Ages to Europe.Coco Chanel was an avid collector of Chinese folding screens and is believed to have owned 32 folding screens, of which eight were housed in her apartment at 31 rue Cambon, Paris.I"ve loved Chinese screens since I was eighteen years old. I nearly fainted with joy when, entering a Chinese shop, I saw a Coromandel for the first time. Screens were the first thing I bought.

Although folding screens originated in China, they can now be found in many interior designs throughout the world.characters in their Chinese name: ping (屛 "screen; blocking") and feng (風 "breeze, wind"). They were also used to bestow a sense of privacy; in classical times, folding screens were often placed in rooms to be used as dressing screens for ladies.

Mazurkewich, Karen; Ong, A. Chester (2006). Chinese Furniture: A Guide to Collecting Antiques. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 144–146. ISBN 978-0-8048-3573-2.

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► When the leading Korean players Samsung Display and LG Display exit LCD production, BOE will be the most significant player in the LCD market. Though OLED can replace the LCD, it will take years for it to be fully replaced.

When mainstream consumer electronics brands choose their device panels, the top three choices are Samsung Display, LG Display (LGD) and BOE (000725:SZ) – the first two from Korea and the third from China. From liquid-crystal displays (LCD) to active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), display panel technology has been upgrading with bigger screen products.

From the early 1990s, LCDs appeared and replaced cathode-ray tube (CRT) screens, which enabled lighter and thinner display devices. Japanese electronics companies like JDI pioneered the panel technology upgrade while Samsung Display and LGD were nobodies in the field. Every technology upgrade or revolution is a chance for new players to disrupt the old paradigm.

The landscape was changed in 2001 when Korean players firstly made a breakthrough in the Gen 5 panel technology – the later the generation, the bigger the panel size. A large panel size allows display manufacturers to cut more display screens from one panel and create bigger-screen products. "The bigger the better" is a motto for panel makers as the cost can be controlled better and they can offer bigger-size products to satisfy the burgeoning middle-class" needs.

LCD panel makers have been striving to realize bigger-size products in the past four decades. The technology breakthrough of Gen 5 in 2002 made big-screen LCD TV available and it sent Samsung Display and LGD to the front row, squeezing the market share of Japanese panel makers.

The throne chair of LCD passed from Japanese companies to Korean enterprises – and now Chinese players are clinching it, replacing the Koreans. After twenty years of development, Chinese panel makers have mastered LCD panel technology and actively engage in large panel R&D projects. Mass production created a supply surplus that led to drops in LCD price. In May 2020, Samsung Display announced that it would shut down all LCD fabs in China and Korea but concentrate on quantum dot LCD (Samsung calls it QLED) production; LGD stated that it would close LCD TV panel fabs in Korea and focus on organic LED (OLED). Their retreats left BOE and China Stars to digest the LCD market share.

Consumer preference has been changing during the Korean fab"s recession: Bigger-or-not is fine but better image quality ranks first. While LCD needs the backlight to show colors and substrates for the liquid crystal layer, OLED enables lighter and flexible screens (curvy or foldable), higher resolution and improved color display. It itself can emit lights – no backlight or liquid layer is needed. With the above advantages, OLED has been replacing the less-profitable LCD screens.

Samsung Display has been the major screen supplier for high-end consumer electronics, like its own flagship cell phone products and Apple"s iPhone series. LGD dominated the large OLED TV market as it is the one that handles large-size OLED mass production. To further understand Korean panel makers" monopolizing position, it is worth mentioning fine metal mask (FMM), a critical part of the OLED RGB evaporation process – a process in OLED mass production that significantly affects the yield rate.

Prior to 2018, Samsung Display and DNP"s monopolistic supply contract prevented other panel fabs from acquiring quality FMM products as DNP bonded with Hitachi Metal, the "only" FMM material provider choice for OLED makers. After the contract expired, panel makers like BOE could purchase FFM from DNP for their OLED R&D and mass production. Except for FFM materials, vacuum evaporation equipment is dominated by Canon Tokki, a Japanese company. Its role in the OLED industry resembles that of ASML in the integrated circuit space. Canon Tokki"s annual production of vacuum evaporation equipment is fewer than ten and thereby limits the total production of OLED panels that rely on evaporation technology.

The shortage of equipment and scarcity of materials inspired panel fabs to explore substitute technology; they discovered that inkjet printing has the potential to be the thing to replace evaporation. Plus, evaporation could be applied to QLED panels as quantum dots are difficult to be vaporized. Inkjet printing prints materials (liquefied organic gas or quantum dots) to substrates, saving materials and breaking free from FMM"s size restriction. With the new tech, large-size OLED panels can theoretically be recognized with improved yield rate and cost-efficiency. However, the tech is at an early stage when inkjet printing precision could not meet panel manufacturers" requirements.

Display and LGD are using evaporation on their OLED products. To summarize, OLED currently adopts evaporation and QLED must go with inkjet printing, but evaporation is a more mature tech. Technology adoption will determine a different track for the company to pursue. With inkjet printing technology, players are at a similar starting point, which is a chance for all to run to the front – so it is for Chinese panel fabs. Certainly, panel production involves more technologies (like flexible panels) than evaporation or inkjet printing and only mastering all required technologies can help a company to compete at the same level.

Presently, Chinese panel fabs are investing heavily in OLED production while betting on QLED. BOE has four Gen 6 OLED product lines, four Gen 8.5 and one Gen 10.5 LCD lines; China Star, controlled by the major appliance titan TCL, has invested two Gen 6 OLED fabs and four large-size LCD product lines.

After Samsung Display and LGD ceding from LCD TV productions, the vacant market share will be digested by BOE, China Star and other LCD makers. Indeed, OLED and QLED have the potential to take over the LCD market in the future, but the process may take more than a decade. Korean companies took ten years from panel fab"s research on OLED to mass production of small- and medium-size OLED electronics. Yet, LCD screen cell phones are still available in the market.

LCD will not disappear until OLED/QLED"s cost control can compete with it. The low- to middle-end panel market still prefers cheap LCD devices and consumers are satisfied with LCD products – thicker but cheaper. BOE has been the largest TV panel maker since 2019. As estimated by Informa, BOE and China Star will hold a duopoly on the flat panel display market.

BOE"s performance seems to have ridden on a roller coaster ride in the past several years. Large-size panel mass production like Gen 8.5 and Gen 10.5 fabs helped BOE recognize the first place in production volume. On the other side, expanded large-size panel factories and expenses of OLED product lines are costly: BOE planned to spend CNY 176.24 billion (USD 25.92 billion) – more than Tibet"s 2019 GDP CNY 169.78 billion – on Chengdu and Mianyang"s Gen 6 AMOLED lines and Hefei and Wuhan"s Gen 10.5 LCD lines.

Except for making large-size TVs, bigger panels can cut out more display screens for smaller devices like laptops and cell phones, which are more profitable than TV products. On its first-half earnings concall, BOE said that it is shifting its production focus to cell phone and laptop products as they are more profitable than TV products. TV, IT and cell phone products counted for 30%, 44% and 33% of its productions respectively and the recent rising TV price may lead to an increased portion of TV products in the short term.

Except for outdoor large screens, TV is another driver that pushes panel makers to research on how to make bigger and bigger screens. A research done by CHEARI showed that Chinese TV sales dropped by 10.6% to CNY 128.2 billion from 2018 to 2019. Large-size TV sales increased as a total but the unit price decreased; high-end products like laser TV and OLED TV saw a strong growth of 131.2% and 34.1%, respectively.

The change in TV sales responded to a lifestyle change since the 4G era: people are getting more and more used to enjoy streaming services on portable devices like tablets and smartphones. The ‘disappearing living room" is a phenomenon common for the young generation in Chinese tier-1 cities.

Millions of young white-collars support the co-leasing business in China and breed the six-billion-dollar Ziroom, a unicorn company that provides rental and real estate management services. As apartments can be leased by single rooms instead of the whole apartment, living rooms become a public area while tenants prefer to stay in their private zones – it hints that the bedroom is too small to fit in a TV.

The demand for different products may vary as lifestyles change and panel fabs need to make on-time judgments and respond to the change. For instance, the coming Olympics is a new driving factor to boost TV sales; "smart city" projects around the world will need more screens for data visualization; people will own more screens and better screens when life quality improves. Flexible screens, cost-efficient production process, accessible materials, changing market and all these problems are indeed the next opportunity for the industry.

Japanese shoji screens were adapted from Chinese folding screens created hundreds of year prior to 400 B.C. Their history dates back thousands of years and has traveled across many different countries with diverse cultures. In more recent times, shoji screens continued to be a popular display of artwork and a functional furnishing that can be used as a room divider or partition.

A shoji screen is a translucent folding screen that typically acts as a room divider to provide privacy and diffuse light throughout the room. A shoji screen typically consists of a wood frame that is filled in with paper, wicker, or cloth. Traditionally, shoji screens were used as decorative displays that depicted legends and other elements of Japanese history.

Shoji screens can also be used to refer to permanent structures like shoji doors and shoji windows which feature the same construction just in the form of a door or window. Original shoji screens were made out of paper screens that were made by applying many different layers of paper in a specific sequence through a technique known as karibari. This is why some people refer to shoji screens as rice paper door panels, rice paper screens, or Japanese rice paper doors.

Although most people think that shoji screens are unique to Japanese culture, shoji screens actually stem from an idea that originated in China. Some of the oldest Chinese folding screens that still exist were made in the 8th century AD. The earliest recorded history of folding screens dates even further back to the Zhou Dynasty during early 300’s B.C. Folding screens have also been depicted along tombs walls from the Han Dynasty, dating back to 200 B.C. When the Chinese folding screens traveled to Japan, only then was the modern form of the Japanese shoji screen created.

Chinese folding screens were originally used as partitions. Made from wood frames, Chinese folding screens were held together by leather thongs that were tied together through holes in the edge of the panel. Japanese shoji screens were built on a similar basis but they contrasted the original Chinese folding screen in many ways.

Chinese shoji screens were heavy and weren’t made to be portable. Japanese shoji screens are lightweight and easy to move, a common feature of Japanese tansu furniture.

Chinese screens were made from wood, rattan, and bamboo. Japanese shoji screens were made from rice paper which is why they are so lightweight and easy to transport.

Japanese folding screens were used for many different purposes. Japanese shoji screens were used during tea ceremonies, as backgrounds for concerts and dances, and as enclosures during Buddhist rites.

Artwork on Japanese shoji screens typically started at the bottom of the screen. This is because it is customary for people to sit on the floor in Japanese culture. Artwork centered on the bottom of the screen so that it would be at eye level.

Trade between Eastern and Western countries facilitated the spread of folding screens across the globe. In 1543, merchants arrived in Malacca (part of Malaysia) from Portugal. European traders were intrigued by the ingenuity of these folding screens and began adapting them to their own needs. Although this was the first time Westerners were introduced to paper folding screens, they weren’t popularized because of severe trade restrictions that were in place until in Japan until the mid 1800’s.

In 1853, Matthew C. Perry landed in Japan. Perry played a pivotal role in the opening of Japan’s borders to the Western world during the Convention of Kanagawa. The opening of Japan’s borders to the rest of the Western world meant traders and merchants would help Japanese shoji screens travel across the world.

Europeans were introduced to shoji screens at a time when there was an on-going revival in decorative arts. Back then, wall paper was attached to a canvas and then hung on a frame so it shared a lot of commonalities with shoji screens. The production of shoji screens and wallpaper in Europe became closely intertwined because of this.

Western folding screens were more similar to Chinese screens due to their use of framing, vertical composition, and individual panels. They were much simpler than the sophisticated paper-hinged Japanese screens. At one point, Japanese shoji screens started to become so popular that some dealers began to convert wall paintings into shoji screens just to make them sell better.

While Western folding screens became a popular do-it-yourself project, Japanese shoji screens remained a coveted item held in high esteem. Japanese shoji screens were revered because of their artistic beauty. They were displayed in the same way that a painting would be put on showcased inside a home rather than being used as an actual partitioning wall.

The Capice Square Three Panel Screen is made from solid mahogany and Caprice mother of pearl window frames that are made in the Philippines. $2396.00.

Modern shoji screens are still very popular today and crafted even better than they were in the past without losing the original authenticity that they once had. Refined processes have aided the conservation of folding screens. Refined processes make them less susceptible to tears and shrinkage. One way this is done is by layering the paper in alternating grains so that the paper is more balanced horizontally and vertically.

Tansu.net carries a wide selection of Japanese shoji screens along with more Westernized rustic screens and artistic screens. Click on the link below to add a piece of history to your home.

After a successful Kickstarter campaign back in 2019, the Espresso Display is back with version 2 of its USB-C powered, ultraportable second monitor for people who love to get things done while on the road. Darrell tried out a preproduction unit of the original version of the display a couple of years ago, concluding that “the Espresso Display manages to stand out,” and it looks like the company took a winning formula and doubled down on it. I took a closer look to see how the display performs on a 32,000 km trip to the other side of the world.

There are many different ways of getting work done. Some people are able to use a laptop as their sole tool for everything they do. Sadly, I’m utterly spoiled by my at-home setup; two 27-inch 4K monitors mean I have near-infinite screen real estate, and ho boy do I like to spread all those windows all over the place.

I’m writing this in Australia — 16,000 km away from my usual home — and you’ll be unsurprised to learn that my regular gaming rig with all its accouterments didn’t fit in my hand luggage. What did fit easily, though, was the innovative setup from Espresso. The company sent me a 15″ touch screen display to review, along with an assortment of accessories. The $499 screen plus the $69 espressoStand, the $39 espressoCase and the $79 espressoPen adds up to a pretty hefty price tag. That puts the screen within range of an iPad, which can be used as a second screen for your computer, too, so you’ve got to really want to take your show on the road to put down that much cash.

So, is it worth it? The Espresso screen is super thin, weighs next to nothing, and surprised me by easily fitting into my laptop bag along with my M1 MacBook Air. The screen itself is powered by USB-C, so you can power it from the laptop. Now, the diminutive battery in the MacBook Air means that the 7W draw of the display sucks down a lot of additional power. At first, I suspected that might be a dealbreaker, but when I started using the setup a lot more, I realized it wasn’t a big deal: If you’re settling in somewhere long enough that you have time and space to set up a second display, you’re probably not far away from a power source anyway. Plug the laptop into power, and you’re set. Or, if you leave the second display set up for a while (e.g., on the desk in your hotel room), you can plug power directly into the display. It has two USB-C ports and can deliver power to the laptop; super clever, and means you only have to plug in one cable when you want to get some work done.

The curiously named screen has a good story behind its name, though: The name“espresso” is derived from the idea that an espresso coffee gives you that shot of energy and productivity you need to get things done effectively. “We think the Display does the same thing — it’s portable, compact, effective and packs a punch so our users can work from anywhere with maximum focus,” a spokesperson for the company told me. Nice touch: Each of the Espresso team members has their favorite coffee order as part of their email signature. Goofy? Of course, but a fun detail nonetheless.

The Espresso Display has a number of quirks that fall into the same category as the power consumption issue; at first glance, it seems like a disaster, but when you’re using the display, the objection melts away. Another example is the resolution of the screen; both the $339 13-inch monitor, the $439 13-inch monitor with touch-screen capabilities and the range-topping $499 15-inch screen with touch screen pack only 1920 x 1080 resolutions (roughly 2 million pixels). Compare that with the 12-inch iPad Pro, which is smaller but packs a 2048 x 2732 (roughly 5.6 million pixels), and on paper, the Espresso Display doesn’t make sense. Not so fast, though, because the iPad — like the iPhone, which introduced the concept of retina displays — is designed to be handheld. When you leave the Espresso Display propped up against its protective lid, or on the stand, it can be far enough away from your eyes that it doesn’t make much of a difference in most work situations, in my experience.

This is where the inclusion of a pen as an optional accessory confuses the positioning of the Espresso Display, I think: The screen is designed to sit on your desk, farther away from your face than a handheld device. As a result, the slightly limited resolution doesn’t bother me at all. Pick it up and use it as a touch screen, and things shift right away; the text isn’t as crisp as on my MacBook Air. (That makes sense, too, as the Air packs a 2560 x 1600 display, which is 4 million pixels, give or take, and text looks smooth as butter.) And obviously, to use it with the pen, you have to get up close and personal with it.

Another issue I ran into was that the USB-C cables I brought with me on my trip turned out to be power and data cables that didn’t support displays. Entirely my fault, of course, but feel free to insert a rant here about how cables that fit in one socket (USB-C) really ought to be interchangeable with other cables that fit in that socket. I’m aware that there’s a ton of technical and economical reasons why that isn’t feasible, but it’s a terrible user experience to have a USB-C cable that doesn’t have all the leads to transport the DisplayPort standard.

The Espresso Display comes with some really clever software that further enhances its capabilities. Turn the screen sideways to landscape orientation on the magnetic stand, and it reports its change of orientation to the computer, which then responds by rotating the screen as well. Little details like that, the twin USB-C ports and other clever design features make you realize that the team has gone a long way to observe users and build a user-centric product.

The company told me it is planning to roll out additional functionality for the displays via its espressoFlow software, including a number of features that will start stepping on the toes of Wacom and other smart tablet tools for graphic designers. It has shipped screens to more than 10,000 people, and the team has grown to more than 20 full-time staff, with ambitious road maps and aggressive expansion plans.

Would I spend $1,000 of my own money on this solution? It depends, honestly. These days, I do most of my work in one of two modes: at the command center at home, where I have a standing desk, 64GB of RAM, fast Intel i9 processors and may-as-well-be-infinite screen real estate. The other mode is on the road — for example, when I’m at TechCrunch’s events, or out and about reviewing devices or talking to founders. In that mode, my MacBook Air and an audio recorder is all I need. In neither work mode does the Espresso Display make a lot of sense.

However, in the before-times, when travel was easier, I have definitely worked on the road for many weeks and months on end. In that universe, I was often pining for a second screen and the additional flexibility to work from anywhere. Your mileage will vary, of course, but for people who spend a lot of extended time on the road (or who need a quick-to-pack-away second monitor solution), Espresso Display might be just the thing.

XY screens Fixed Frame Screens are perfect for cinemas or any places where you need to fix the screen. It is enclosed in an attractive velvet wrapped lightweight aluminum alloy frame. HK100C Series Fixed Frame Screen provides excellent picture quality - Suitable for 4K&3D television/movies.

Installation is easy - With its easy and adjustable fabric spring system, our Fixed Frame Screen is perfectly and permanently tensioned, ensuring that the screen is as flat and level as the mirror. Special designed slim bracket for an easy click on installation, also available as an in-wall display. Therefore, the users are able to set up in seconds.

All of our projection screens are packed with sturdy carton box, and the surface of the carton covered a waterproof plastic film to prevent damage during transportation.

Many of our customers have been asking us how is it possible that projectors listed on Amazon"s Prime Deals or on Amazons Top 15 portable projectors are 1000 lumens yet only cost £50.

Vankyo, WiMiUS, GooDee, and Bomaker are being sued for their failure to use industry-standard brightness specifications (ansi lumens) in promoting their products.

"We are seeing more connected households embrace big-screen viewing solutions than ever before. As we enter the busy holiday season, we want to ensure that consumers are receiving the vital information needed to make informed purchasing decisions," said Mike Isgrig, vice president, consumer sales and marketing, Epson America, Inc., in a company statement. "Epson invests considerable time and money to ensure performance claims are based on industry standards, and we take it seriously when companies blatantly mislead consumers with non-standard specifications. This lawsuit underscores Epson"s commitment to support a fair marketplace and deter sellers and manufacturers who by misleading projector consumers, damage the credibility of the entire industry."

We reviewed one of the best selling Amazon projector: Elephas Full Color 130" Portable LED "Pico" Projector. This review highlights the major flaws in all Amazon"s best selling projectors and shows how many manufacturers are massively exaggerating features and specifications of these projectors. This review/guide will help you to avoid buying fake products and to understand how these companies selling on Amazon"s marketplace (and even via Amazon Prime FBA) are breaching trading standards and are blatantly lying to customers.

The most important test is brightness so we compared the popular Pico Genie P55 (Update 2021: P55 Replaced by Pico Genie Impact 2.0) which is a genuine 50 lumens to the Elephas Full Colour 130" which is stated as "1000 lumens". The Elephas is well priced at £54 on Amazon which is impossibly cheap for a projector of "1000" lumens.

To see what a real 1000 lumen projector looks like take a look at the Vivitek Qumi Q8 - its a world apart, its like watching a home cinema and the brightness looks like a printed graphic showing perfectly and clearly in normally lit conditions. Then take a look at a projector that does a real 500 or 650 lumens in this videoand you will see instantly the difference.

Regularly quoted at a massive 3000 lumens online the Anker nebula actually has only 500 ansi lumens, putting it on par with the Qumi Q3. At it"s rather large size not only is far from being a truly ultra portable projector, as both alternatives offer the same power from much smaller handheld devices.

Ultra Short Throw (UST) Update (September 2018). There has been a growth in the ultra short throw market with many customers trying to find a home cinema product with very high lumens that can be put 6 inches away from the wall to provide a 100" screen. This has meant a surge in resellers and Chinese suppliers claiming their products are ultra short throw and high brightness when often they are not even short throw nevermind ultra short throw and the brightness claims are ludicrous.

Examples of fake ultra short throw projector descriptions include Wemax one by Xiaomi claiming a whopping lie of 7000 ansi lumens for only £1500. The give away that Wemax One by Xiaomi is a FAKE product is firstly the price point is way too low, especially for a laser projector. For example by comparison a 5000 lumen projector by Casio is almost £6000 so a genuine 7000 ansi lumen model would be a significantly higher price if it were genuine. The actual brightness of the Wemax One by Xiaomi projector could be as low as 1000 to 1500 ansi lumens but is expensive for its brightness levels simply because laser components are much more expensive than their LED counterparts

Secondly, the giveaway that Wemax One is a fake description is when you see actual video footage of it at 7000 lumens the Wemax should be jumping off the walls in broad daylight with brightness when in ultra short throw but its a dull image as can be seen below. The (fake) brighter images displayed are always stills that are photoshopped so always try and look for a video of the product (often on the product pages themselves under the still images).

However not all Chinese manufacturers overstate their lumens for example there are some such as Changhong"s CHiQ Brand which massively understate their lumens. See the video below to see how the CHiQ compares next to the Viewsonic X10-4K. It’s clear that the CHiQ Brand understates all specifications from lumens all the way to contrast ratio and offer very high quality products.

On some of the other top 15 Amazon projectors, if you have a small projection area you could end up with a screen size that is far too big for your projection space as well as it being out of focus.

Pico Genie and other premium brand projectors can be focused as small as 15cm from the projection surface to create a tiny image or over >100" simply by moving them closer/further from the projected area.

The costs of these DLP chips are high so as a rough guide anything advertised under £140 on Amazon is more than likely not going to have a real DLP chip inside. Its also likely to be a much larger size projector in terms of its dimensions (as can be seen in the photos above the Pico Genie is tiny in comparison to the Elephas).

All Pico Genie products include a battery as standard. The Pico Genie P55’s inbuilt battery will last for up to 2.5 hours. In comparison to Amazon’s top 15 which are 4x the size and do not have any battery at all. Pico Genie projectors are ultra portable and can be used anywhere.

The Pico Genie P55 (Update 2021: P55 Replaced byPico Genie Impact 2.0) makes very little fan noise when in use and can be used for as long as required on mains power. Amazon’s top 15 projectors such as Elephas are incredibly noisy and kick out a lot of heat. They also state they should not be used for more than 3-4 hours at any one time. This also highlights a major safety concern. We used the Elephas for around 1-2 hours and it became very hot and produced some unusual burning smells.

This is by no means an exhaustive list of dodgy projector brands. The same companies are using different brand names which get changed regularly to avoid detection. There are many more out there but if the number of lumens appears too high for the price then, unless its a used item, then you have to question whether it is a genuine or a fake description.

Claims its New < £80: If it"s brand new and less than £80, don"t bother. The projector is more than likely being way over sold by a Chinese company. LED projectors of any decent quality that are new with DLP and a minimum genuine lumens of 50 lumens start at £150 / €180 / $195

We spent 14 months writing to Amazon to complain about fraudulent trades descriptions on Amazon as they continue to allow resellers, predominantly Chinese, to describe goods however they like without any resemblance to the truth. Amazon fail to do anything about it whatsoever so here are some steps you can take if you have similar problems.

Try raising a case through seller central if you are a reseller or via Contact Us on Amazon as a consumer. If you get standard responses like we did for 14 months whereby its clear they are just not reading or listening to the complaint then go to step 2

We are here to advise customers on their needs and requirements and are familiar with all the projector products on the marketplace so please dont hesitate to contact us for more advice via email, Tel 0845 1218800 or our live chat at www.personalprojector.co.uk

There is still a long way to go. China is the world’s largest and fastest-growing market for semiconductors, but no Chinese chipmaker has broken into the top 15 globally in terms of sales. Advanced chips are primarily made by companies from the US, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, and Western Europe. China’s big economic rival, the US, accounts for about half of global sales and half of China’s chip imports.

Mark Li, an analyst at Bernstein who tracks the chip industry in Asia, estimates that China’s most advanced chipmakers are still at least five years behind. Since Moore’s Law describes a doubling of chip performance every two years or so, that’s a sizable gap. China does have numerous low-end fabs making the relatively simple chips used in smart cards, SIM cards, and even basic phones, but not the kinds of factories needed to produce advanced processors.

Why does China still struggle to make advanced chips when it has become so good at so much else? Basically, because it’s incredibly hard. The latest chips have billions of transistors, each with features only a few nanometers in size, crafted at the scale of individual atoms. They are so complex that it isn’t possible to take one apart and copy its design, as Chinese entrepreneurs have done with many foreign products. And even if it were possible, it wouldn’t provide the expertise required to design and fabricate the next generation.

Even if you have one of the best laptops, multitasking and having multiple windows open once can be challenging. This is when a versatile portable monitor comes in handy. These external second screens are light enough to go with your laptop, wherever that happens to be. The best portable monitors can increase your available screen real estate, which can boost your productivity.

A portable monitor can double or triple the on-screen real estate of a laptop computer and make ... [+]multitasking much easier.Illustration: Forbes / Photos: Retailers

“Portable monitors are mainly aimed at business travelers looking for enhanced productivity while on the road,” notes Paul Gagnon, vice president and industry advisor on consumer technology at research firm The NPD Group. “But they can also have utility for hybrid workers or students not looking to invest in a dedicated home office setup for space or financial reasons.”

Portable monitors typically come in sizes that pair well with laptop computers (mostly from 14 to 17 inches) and typically offer a baseline resolution of 1080p. The larger you go in screen size or the more screens you add, the heavier your remote work setup. Some monitors stand apart with 2K or 4K resolution—like our best overall pick, the SideTrack Solo 4K.

The Lepow Z1-Gamut uses quantum dots to enhance the 1080p, HDR-capable display’s color gamut to 106% sRGB/72% NTSC. This means the Z1-Gamut produces rich colors, making it a great choice for creative work or entertainment. The display has a wide 178-degree field of view, and its design accommodates positioning it in landscape or portrait modes. It comes with a protective magnetic screen cover which doubles as a stand. The built-in speakers offer 360-degree sound, handy whether you’re giving a presentation or listening to a movie.

The Lepow Z1-Gamut has three display modes: Duplicate Mode (for mirroring what’s on your laptop’s screen), Extend mode (allowing the monitor to connect with a mobile device) and Second Screen mode (for multitasking via your laptop computer). This monitor is light enough to carry around with you and set up virtually anywhere. The monitor takes seconds to set up and folds flat with its stand, so it’s easy to transport with your laptop computer in your existing case. With its low price and versatility, you can’t go wrong with this monitor—especially if you’re on a budget.

Screen size: 15.4-inch | Screen type: LED | Resolution: 1,920 x 1,080 pixels | Ports: 2 USB Type-C, Mini-HDMI, Mini-DisplayPort | Weight: 1.7 pounds |Dimensions: 14.5 x 8.9 x 0.3 inches | Speakers: Dual stereo

Priced less than $150, we love this portable monitor because you can easily connect it to your laptop computer and benefit from an additional 15.4-inches of screen space. The Lepow C2S gives you 1080p resolution with a 60Hz refresh rate in a 1.7-pound package. You can position the display horizontally or vertically with the kickstand. The monitor has multiple inputs, with USB Type-C, Mini-HDMI and Mini-DisplayPort, plus a second USB Type-C port for power.

The Arzopa E1 Extreme goes the distance, delivering a 4K display with a 178-degree field of view. It offers excellent colors, with support for HDR imaging, 100% of Adobe RGB spectrum and a 1500:1 contrast ratio. At 400 nits peak brightness, this model is bright enough to use in bright environments. It also comes with a magnetic Smart Cover that doubles as a stand. Thanks to its high resolution, the Arzopa E1 Extreme is ideal for creators engaging in photo and video editing or live streaming.

The display works well for gaming thanks to its support for AMD FreeSync, despite its limited 60Hz refresh rate. The monitor comes with a USB Type-C cable, but your computer must support Thunderbolt (3 or later) or DisplayPort to use it. With a few quick adjustments, the Arzopa E1 Extreme has four display modes—mirror mode, extended mode, portrait mode and gaming mode. The whole setup weighs a mere 1.4 pounds, lighter than most portable monitors and easy to tote around.

Screen size: Two 10.1-inch displays | Screen type: LCD | Resolution: 1,920 x 1,200 pixels | Ports: USB Type-C, Mini-HDMI | Weight: 2 pounds |Dimensions: 7.5 x 12 x 1 inches | Speakers: None

The Xebec Tri-Screen 2 uses a mounting frame to attach two slide-out 10.1-inch displays to the back of your laptop’s existing screen. Each Xebec display slides out from behind your laptop—one on each side of your laptop’s display—thus creating a highly portable three-display work area. Installing these two monitors and its bracket requires the supplied frame clamps, but nothing extra, like magnets or glue.

Each 16:10 aspect ratio display has 1,920 x 1,200 pixels and a 60Hz refresh rate. The displays are thin, measuring 6.5 millimeters thick, and can rotate 180-degrees. This setup is compatible with all Windows PCs, MacBooks and ChromeOS-based computers, yet it only adds two pounds to what you need to carry around. Keep in mind, the Xebec Tri-Screen 2 works with laptops with most laptops that have a display measuring between 12 and 20-inches. Overall, this is an extremely useful design that can dramatically boost your productivity when working (or playing) remotely. It’s well worth the investment.

The Lenovo ThinkVision M14d features a compact, 14-inch 2.2K display that delivers sharp text and images. It has a 16:10 aspect ratio, 60Hz refresh rate and a 178-degree field of view. The monitor uses an adjustable hinged stand, which folds inward to makes it super easy to transport—especially since the display weighs just 1.3 pounds. The display has up to 300 nits brightness and a high contrast ratio (1,500:1), which together help make content look good on the screen—even in a brightly lit areas.

What the ThinkVision M14d lacks, however, is a touchscreen display and speakers. For many, these omissions won"t affect their productivity. The monitor has two USB Type-C ports with USB power delivery and DisplayPort support. Its black chassis matches well to Lenovo’s classic ThinkPad line, a cue that this monitor targets the business crowd. The monitor integrates a sturdy, fully adjustable kickstand that gives flexibility in how you position the monitor.

The ViewSonic TD1655 is a 15.6-inch touchscreen portable monitor offered at a highly competitive price. This pick is also one of the few touchscreen monitors to work with both Macs and PCs—thanks to ViewSonic’s vTouch driver. This driver enables full touch and gesture control on the display when paired with macOS. The touchscreen works without the driver using Windows 10 or later on computers with USB Type-C connectivity.

Australian start-up Espresso Displays’ eponymous V2 model comes in 13- and 15.6-inch versions with a touchscreen, along with a 13-inch version without touch. Espresso’s prices are a bit more than some competitors, but all models share the same stylish design aesthetic, plus a bevy of features other portable monitors don’t have. Take the 15.6-inch touchscreen portable monitor, for example. It has a brushed aluminum and glass chassis and a super-slim (0.2-inch) design, with a 16:10 aspect ratio display and two USB Type-C ports. The maximum screen brightness is 300 nits.

This model works with a pressure-sensitive stylus, though the tool doesn’t come with monitor and costs an extra $79. However, the stylus supports 4,096 levels of pressure sensitivity and closely mimics the feel of pen—making this a great choice for drawing or writing on screen. Other optional accessories include a choice of stands, the coolest one being the espressoStand, a $69 foldable magnetic stand for mounting the monitor for vertical or horizontal viewing. The optional stand is height adjustable, but folds flat. Last but not least, this pick is versatile. The Espresso comes with its own software, called Duet, allowing you to use the touchscreen on both MacBook and PC laptops.

While this 12.5-inch monitor is a smaller-size display than most, the SideTrak Swivel mounts directly to your laptop’s existing display with a supplied magnetic frame. It then pulls out from behind the screen when needed. This approach makes it extremely easy to transport and ensures both displays are at the same height. You can manually adjust the SideTrak’s viewing angle, or you can rotate the monitor 360 degrees. If you’re looking for some detachment, the Swivel’s collapsible mounting frame also allows the monitor to stand on its own using a built-in kickstand.

This version of the SideTrak Swivel Portable Monitor is compatible with Windows or MacBook laptops with a built-in display between 13 inches and 17 inches. It is not, however, compatible with Microsoft Surface devices that have their own kickstand, or with many 2-in-1 laptops whose screens contort into different positions. The 16:9 monitor’s refresh rate is 50Hz (most portable monitors are at least 60Hz), but its brightness is higher than others, at a maximum of 300 nits. The unit comes with the mounting plates needed to secure it to your computer.

Screen size: Two 10.1-inch displays | Screen type: LCD | Resolution: 1,920 x 1,200 pixels | Ports: USB Type-C, Mini-HDMI | Weight: 2 pounds |Dimensions: 7.5 x 12 x 1 inches | Speakers: None

The Xebec Tri-Screen 2 uses a mounting frame to attach two slide-out 10.1-inch displays to the back of your laptop’s existing screen. Each Xebec display slides out from behind your laptop—one on each side of your laptop’s display—thus creating a highly portable three-display work area. Installing these two monitors and its bracket requires the supplied frame clamps, but nothing extra, like magnets or glue.

Each 16:10 aspect ratio display has 1,920 x 1,200 pixels and a 60Hz refresh rate. The displays are thin, measuring 6.5 millimeters thick, and can rotate 180-degrees. This setup is compatible with all Windows PCs, MacBooks and ChromeOS-based computers, yet it only adds two pounds to what you need to carry around. Keep in mind, the Xebec Tri-Screen 2 works with laptops with most laptops that have a display measuring between 12 and 20-inches. Overall, this is an extremely useful design that can dramatically boost your productivity when working (or playing) remotely. It’s well worth the investment.

The Asus ZenScreen OLED offers many of the key features you’d expect from a 15.6-inch portable monitor, including 1080p resolution with a 60Hz refresh rate and HDR10 support. You also get 100% DCI-P3 color gamut and Delta E <2 color difference with a 1ms response time and a 100,000:1 contrast ratio. Together with its OLED backlight, this monitor can produce images with dark blacks, bright whites and accurate colors. The fast response helps keep animated graphics blur-free. To save power, the monitor has a unique proximity sensor that automatically dims the display when you it’s not in use.

The monitor comes with a cover that doubles as a four-position stand. This allows you to position the monitor in landscape or portrait mode (optional desktop tripod mount sold separately). Thanks to its ultra-thin design and light weight, this monitor is easy to transport. If you plan to use the monitor in a brightly lit space, the box it comes in can works as a monitor hood to protect the display from glare.

Not only does this monitor include a protective cover, but it also has a built-in stand that lets you adjust the monitor’s height to a more ergonomic position. The monitor also has a tripod mount built- in, so you can connect it to any tabletop or full-size tripod as well. ViewSonic sells a separate screen hood separately, in case you need better viewing in brightly lit areas, such as in sunlight or under bright studio lighting. Meanwhile, the monitor’s flicker-free technology combined with the blue light filter makes this monitor easy on your eyes.

The ViewSonic VX1755 targets gamers who need portability and speed. This 17.2-inch display offers 1080p resolution with an impressively fast 144Hz refresh rate and AMD FreeSync Premium support to help your gameplay look buttery smooth. It also has an anti-glare and flicker-free screen with a built-in blue light filter.

While the Asus Strix 15.6 is in fact a 15.6-inch portable display, what makes it special is its impressive, flicker-free, 144Hz refresh rate. It also offers a quick 3ms response rate and G-Sync (NVIDA Adaptive Sync) support. Plus, you get an 800:1 contrast ratio, 16:9 aspect ratio and a maximum of 300 nit brightness. This model can display vibrant and detailed graphics, animations and video. These features combined make it suitable for handling most applications, including gaming, while you’re traveling and need to equip your laptop computer with a second screen.

We combined research with hands-on testing and experience, and we spoke with product experts and industry leaders to help us determine the products that make the cut. We carefully evaluated each portable monitor’s resolution, size, weight, refresh rate, price and more. These selections take into consideration what sets each monitor apart from its competition.

Portable monitors are small, compact and lightweight screens designed to expand the on-screen real estate available to run your favorite applications. A portable monitor makes multitasking on a laptop computer much easier and more efficient.

Most portable monitors rely on your laptop computer’s battery power to function—requiring just one cable to link it with your computer. Some portable monitors have their own built-in rechargeable battery. All are easy to transport and can likely fit within your existing laptop case, briefcase, or carry-on bag.

In the case of portable monitor, the higher the better with regards to resolution, maximum brightness and refresh rate. Resolution describes the visual dimensions of the display and is based on width and height. It’s determined by how many pixels are used to create the image you see displayed. For example, a 1080p monitor has 1,920 x 1,080 pixels. The 1,920 is the number of pixels across, while the 1,080 refers to the number of pixels in height. Altogether, a 1080p monitor uses 2,073,600 pixels. For reference, a 4K monitor uses four times the number of pixels as a 1080p monitor.

Maximum brightness, which is measured in nits, directly affects color perception and power consumption. The brighter the display, the more easily you can see the screen in a brightly lit area. A higher brightness also means the monitor requires more power to operate. Most portable monitors that rely on power from a laptop computer offer a lower maximum brightness than a monitor with its own power source, especially when it’s plugged into an electrical outlet (as opposed to using its own battery).

On the plus side, a lower brightness tends is easier on your eyes, but a higher brightness (more nits) provides more luminescence and makes it easier to view the display in bright ambient light. A typical portable monitor has a maximum brightness between 200 and 600 nits.

A monitor’s refresh rate is the number of times per second that whatever you’re viewing on the screen refreshes. When a monitor offers a 60Hz refresh rate, it refreshes the screen 60 times every second. A 120Hz refresh rate refreshes the screen 120 times per second, which makes it better for gaming or watching fast-moving action on the display. In a nutshell, refresh rate directly relates to how smooth animated graphics or video content look on the display.

Consider the overall size and weight of the monitor, especially if you expect to carry it along with your computer when on the road. Smaller screen sizes are lighter than larger ones, by nature. An attached monitor may make sense, so you can carry everything as one unit.

As a secondary monitor used for multitasking, you may find a smaller size display can accommodate your work habits and need for extra portability. Meanwhile, if your work requires photo editing, writing, drawing or annotating, choosing a second monitor with a touchscreen display and higher resolution will be beneficial.

Most portable monitors rely on your laptop’s power, unless it comes with its own built-in rechargeable battery. Some monitors have a second USB Type-C port through which you can attach your own power source. If you’re using a monitor powered by your computer, expect your laptop’s battery charge to run low faster. And the monitor will drain power faster still if offers 4K resolution, since higher resolution displays typically require more power. Power is one reason brightness often suffers on a portable monitor.

While some portable monitors have two tiny, low-powered speakers built-in, chances are the speakers built into your computer offer higher-quality audio. For the best audio experience, consider using Bluetooth headphones or wireless earbuds with noise cancellation, as opposed to relying on the audio that some of these portable monitors can generate. Check out our picks for the best wireless headphones and earbuds.

In general, larger displays cost more. Higher resolution and faster refresh rates also add to the price of a portable monitor. Well-known brand names—like ViewSonic, ASUS, Lenovo or Dell—often carry a premium over some of the generic models you can find at Amazon and other e-tailers.

Touchscreen portable monitors are sometimes trickier. All have Windows support, but only some support additional operating systems—including MacOS, ChromeOS and Android. If you want to use the monitor with a MacBook, look specifically for monitors with a dedicated driver or software to enable touch. ViewSonic, Espresso and SideTrak all come with some variation of Mac software.Use your Apple iPad as a second screen for your MacBook or iMac thanks to the SideCar feature.Apple

Some portable monitors are extremely compact and provide an extra 12- to 14-inch display, although it’s more common for a portable monitor to offer at least a 15.6-inch display. A few displays go up to just over 17 inches. Displays larger still are more cumbersome to travel with and typically need to plug into an electrical outlet to function, making them less portable and more like a small desktop monitor.

Most portable monitors are less than 0.5 inches thick, and the monitors themselves weigh less than two pounds. Most come with a travel case or cover—making them very easy to transport with your laptop computer. Of course, this varies based on the screen size and model you choose.

If you’ll be using a portable monitor with your laptop computer, for the best experience, choose a monitor size that’s about the same as your laptop’s display and then position the two monitors side-by-side at the same height. If you’re using a three display portable monitor setup, or a specialty portable monitor, this suggestion does not apply.

Yes. Portable monitors typically include some cables, such as a USB Type-C to USB Type-C cable, a Mini-HDMI to HDMI cable and a USB Type-C to USB Type-A cable. As soon as you plug a portable monitor into your computer, Windows or MacOS identifies it as a display and it should work immediately. In some cases, however, you may need to download a free driver or adjust the System Display Settings (Windows) or Display System Preferences (Mac) on your computer for the portable monitor to function properly.

It all comes down to what you use your computer for, whether being able to multitask is important to you and how much physical space you have to set up your equipment on a desk or flat surface. Most people discover that having two or even three screens can be extremely beneficial for increasing their productivity and making their workflow easier.

We believe a portable monitor is a must-have accessory if you’re a remote worker who needs to be highly productive from airports, hotels, at home, or even from a coffee shop. However, not everyone needs a 4K portable monitor. The most reasonably priced models are typically 15.6-inch 1080p monitors.

The Forbes Vetted tech team strives to offer accurate, trustworthy product assessments that are the result of intensive research and hands-on testing. Our writers and editors have years of experience writing about a broad range of consumer electronics and have the background and expertise to help you make the best buying decisions possible.

Forbes Vetted regularly covers all types of consumer electronics and then reviews and recommends the best products in specific categories. Here are some other laptop computer and monitor-related articles you might enjoy reading:

Cinemood Portable Movie Theater: A fun option for parents trying to entertain little ones on a trip, the Cinemood is a tiny, 3-inch cube with a stated five-hour battery life, and it comes preloaded with 40 Disney ebooks as well as cartoons and other kid-friendly content. But it also has an HDMI input, the Android OS, and screen mirroring, so it can serve grown-up content, too. Unfortunately, the Cinemood has only an 800×480 resolution, so we did not test it for this guide. The newer Cinemood TV is reportedly brighter, faster, and louder and has wireless LTE built in—but it still doesn’t meet the minimum performance specs for consideration in this guide.

Epson “mini” LCD projectors: This line includes the original 720p EF-100 and the newer Mini EF11 ($800) and Mini EF12 ($1,000), both with a 1080p resolution. Whereas the original came with an Android TV stick, the Mini EF12 has Android TV built in (the Mini EF11 does not come with a media player). These projectors are much brighter than the other models we considered for this guide, so you can project a bigger image or use them in a brighter room. But they’re also bigger in size, lacking a built-in battery for true portability, and more expensive, so we did not test them.

Miroir HD Pro M289: We did not test this projector because we thought its original $450 asking price was a bit too high for what it offered compared with other projectors we considered—and because its Amazon review rating was just average at the time. It has desirable specs such as a 1080p resolution, a claimed brightness of 400 lumens, a claimed battery life of two hours, and USB-C charging and media playback in a fairly compact package. But the focus adjustment is manual, and there’s no Wi-Fi or apps—and no Bluetooth output to provide an alternative to the tiny 2-watt speakers.

Philips PicoPix Max: This projector—with its 1080p resolution, rated brightness of 800 lumens, long battery life, and abundant connection options—looked promising on paper, but in practice it didn’t deliver well enough to justify its higher price tag. Its brightest mode is too inaccurate for TV and movie watching, so you have to use a dimmer mode—which means it doesn’t really compete as a bright-projector option. In our tests, its picture quality was okay, but the image looked flat and dull compared with that of the MoGo Pro. Plus, the Android 9 OS is not as intuitive as Android TV, and we encountered a lot of ergonomic quirks that made the projector frustrating to use.

ViewSonic M2e: The M2e is a solid performer, but lacks a built-in battery (you can power it off a USB-C bank, though). It has a 1080p resolution and a measured brightness of 32 ftL (about 261 lumens) in the most accurate picture mode. This projector doesn’t offer the image contrast of our picks, and its black level isn’t as good as the MoGo Pro’s, so movies can look undersaturated in a dark room. But for a room with a bit more ambient light or for use with a larger screen, it can deliver a clean, detailed image, and a ton of picture adjustments are available. The M2e has a traditional horizontal design (measuring 7.2 by 7.2 by 2.1 inches), the internal speaker has solid dynamic ability, and the projector supports Bluetooth audio input and output. It also has built-in Wi-Fi, but unfortunately relies on the Aptoide TV interface that we find far less intuitive than other streaming options. Plus the fan noise is louder than we’d like, and in our tests the autofocus missed the mark sometimes, so we had to use the manual adjustment to get the sharpest image.

Wemax Dice: Similar to our top pick in many ways, the Dice is a 1080p LED projector with fully integrated Android TV (no direct Netflix app), the same connection options, and Bluetooth—but it is more than twice as bright. The setup process and onscreen user interface are basically identical in the two projectors, but the Dice’s remote is less user-friendly: It puts tiny black buttons on a non-backlit, black background, and it lacks the input and settings buttons you get on the Xgimi remote, so it takes more steps than we’d like to change sources and adjust the picture and sound settings. The Dice is larger than the MoGo Pro but has a longer battery life of three hours in the dimmest Eco mode. The picture quality is a mixed bag: The image is very bright (when the projector is plugged in), has good overall contrast, and looks sharp and detailed. But if you care about color accuracy, you may be distracted by the too-blue color temperature, the exaggerated colors (especially green), and the tendency for lighter skintones to look sunburned. Within the Android TV interface, you can make a few picture adjustments that help a little, but you can’t adjust the HDMI input at all—and we also got some handshake issues via HDMI. At the Dice’s normal asking price of $700, these flaws are hard to overlook. In that price range, Xgimi’s Elfin and Halo+ are better Android TV alternatives that are similarly bright. But the Dice does go on sale a lot, and at $500 to $550 this projector is a little more compelling as an alternative to the MoGo Pro, if you value brightness over accuracy.

Finally, a user-friendly paperless device. Digital documents are right there in portrait mode for quick cross-referencing and editing is made easy with copy-paste functionality across different screens.

Theoretical max speeds based on 5G mmwave technology and eight channel carrier aggregation (8cc). Actual speeds vary based on many factors including network configuration, signal strength, network congestion, physical obstructions, and weather. 5G network coverage (available in certain areas in 2020, expanding after that).

‡ Secure deposit required for advance exchange. Subject to device availability and terms. You will receive a certified refurbished, like-new device that has passed stringent software and hardware tests.

Now before we go anywhere, the handhelds we are talking about are emulators. That means handheld consoles that use ROMS to emulate old retro games, so there’s no 3DS or PSP being featured here.

Why are people interested in the best retro handhelds? Well, it’s simple. Retro gaming enthusiasts want