after effects lcd screen effect made in china

The global rare earths trade is relatively small compared to other commodities. In 2019, the value of worldwide rare earth imports stood at just $1.15 billion – a fraction of the more than $1 trillion in global crude oil imports. The total value of goods produced using rare earths, however, is immense. Each Apple iPhone, for example, relies on multiple rare earth elements. Neodymium is used to make tiny, yet powerful, magnets that allow iPhone speakers to function. Europium is used in trace amounts to produce red colors on screens, and cerium is used to polish the phones during the manufacturing process. During the 2019 fiscal year, Apple sold $142.4 billion worth of iPhones.

At 42.6 percent of total exports by volume, lanthanum was China’s top rare earth export by a wide margin. Lanthanum is used in significant quantities in hybrid vehicle batteries. Each Toyota Prius, for instance, contains some 10-15 kilograms (kg) of the substance. Terbium, which is significantly more expensive, was China’s top export by value, accounting for roughly 14.5 percent ($57.9 million) of the country’s total exports in 2019. Terbium is primarily used in solid-state electronic devices but is also used in sonar systems and television screens.

Beijing’s most notable use of rare earths as a political tool came in 2010 amid a heated dispute with Tokyo. After Japan arrested the captain of a Chinese fishing boat that rammed a Japanese Coast Guard vessel in the waters near the contested Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands, China restricted rare earth exports to Japan for two months.

In recent years, the US has sought to reestablish itself as a major world supplier of rare earths. After being shuttered for years, the US’ only rare earth mine, located in Mountain Pass, California, came under new ownership in 2017 and resumed production. However, the mined material that it produces is still sent to China for processing. The US government has also made notable policy changes, including the May 2018 addition of rare earths to a list of minerals deemed critical to US economic and national security. In July 2019, President Trump also declared rare earth metals and alloys “essential to the national defense,” which freed up resources for the Department of Defense (DoD) to take action to secure a domestic rare earth production capability.

If the lithium carbonate failed to be re-imported within six months, you can apply for extension with relevant customs and such period can be extended for another three months upon approval. However, if the lithium carbonate failed to be re-imported within nine months after being exported, the regular import duties shall apply.

@Adeleh: The VAT rate for both SD cards and Roots Blowers are 17%, and the rate is the same for the same products in all cities of China. The VAT is included in the price you paid to the suppliers. After the export, you could file export refund at local tax bureau. Currently, the VAT rebate rate for both of these products are also 17%, so all of the VAT paid will be paid back. The process will take months though.

Therefore, yes, usually the final consumer will bear the entire VAT generated from all value chain. However, when the Taishan factory export the products to the U.S., it can apply for VAT rebate after the export. The VAT rebate rate depends on the product and varies from 5% to 17%. Usually, the foreign buyer could bargain the price with the exporter to cut the part of VAT that the exporter could get back later from VAT rebate.

@Pierre Shepherd: Only the VAT can be refunded. There is no rebate for export duty. The export rate for rolled aluminum varies from 0% to 15% depends on the application of different HS code. The internal pricing model varies for different company. Generally, the price would include all the costs (material, labor, transportation, etc. ), and export companies usually want to put the cost of VAT in the price as well even if they could get the amount back after the export through VAT rebate. All in all, the final price depends on the bargain and negotiation with the sales person of the export company.

If the assembly is taking place after the engines are imported into China then this is inefficient – you are paying import duty on the engines and then have to wait to complete the assembly to claim that – and any VAT – back.

I want to export device from europe for mould trial to china, after trials this device will be sent back to Europe, How looks taxes with temporary export

Can you kindly advice what procedures I have to do to apply for tax exemptions? Recently purchased a LCD monitor from China and it arrived faulty. Seller informed to send it back but I have checked and the cost to send it back plus the duties and taxes already outweighs the cost of the item. Is there a term that returned goods can be exempted? I only received the item about a week ago. Any documents I can provide to help? The third party courier did not hand me any invoice from the seller in the first place.

I don’t think there will be any taxes imposed on the LCD monitor as long as the customs are convinced this product is for personal use instead of sales purpose.

@Jonas: The normal rate for import candy is 50 percent. The minimum rate of 10 percent could apply if you enact the relevant tax treaty between China and Sweden. This article explains: https://www.china-briefing.com/news/2010/12/16/using-double-tax-treaties-to-maximize-china-investment-financial-effectiveness.html

perhaps you can help here: we may export artworks temporarily from China. I know that after 6 months it is possible to request an extension for another maximum 6 months, right? After that, what happens if:

We want to know the Duties and tax structure for Fuel Oil #180cst in China after FOB Prices, plese let us know the structure for FO is it different from diesel?

I planning to import stone coated metal sheet from china to india can you please advice how much it cost on initial cost , as example 4 usd per square meter stone coated metal sheet cost how much after taxes in china to be ready for shipping. thanks in advance waiting for reply

some says their is after all taxation process you have to loose 2% tax and some says on unpolished diamond their is no tax for import and export in china and also in hong kong..

if i am importing certain goods in China, which after further processing is exported, to other countries let suppose India, will i be eligible to any exemption/duty drawback of duty on the imported goods. Kindly guide.

WE are planning to develop an ongoing Chinese operation of production of aseptic packaging material for liquid food into an export business. Raw material is imported ( paper and polyethilene ) and after transformation the final product will be exported to Europe and Middle East.

if i am importing certain goods in China, which after further processing is exported, to other countries let suppose India, will i be eligible to any exemption/duty drawback of duty on the imported goods. Kindly guide.

After being defeated repeatedly by Japan and Western nations in the 19th century, Chinese reformers began promoting modern science and technology as part of the Self-Strengthening Movement. After the Communist victory in 1949 science and technology research was organized based on the model of the Soviet Union. It was characterized by a bureaucratic organization led by non-scientists, research according to the goals of central plans, separation of research from production, specialized research institutes, concentration on practical applications, and restrictions on information flows. Researchers should work as collectives for society rather than as individuals seeking recognition. Many studied in the Soviet Union which also transferred technology. The Cultural revolution, which sought to remove perceived "bourgeois" influences and attitudes, caused large negative effects and disruptions. Among other measures it saw the scientific community and formal education attacked, intellectuals were sent to do manual labor, universities and academic journals were closed, most research ceased, and for nearly a decade China trained no new scientists and engineers.

After Mao Zedong"s death, S&T was established as one of the Four Modernizations in 1976. The new leader Deng Xiaoping, and architect of the Chinese economic reform, was a strong promoter of S&T and reversed the policies of the Cultural revolution. The Soviet inspired system was then gradually reformed. Media began promoting the value of S&T, scientific thinking, and scientific achievement.third and fourth generations of leaders came almost exclusively from technical backgrounds.

The major national programs received 15-20% of government R&D spending in 2010. They funded research, after a stated competitive proposal procedure, in universities, institutes, and enterprise. Important project may receive funding from several programs. The programs have arguably had a strong effect but have also been involved in scandals, corruption and fraud. They have been accused mainly of producing derivative works rather than driving innovation and it has been claimed that they ignore merit in selecting projects in favor of cronyism. China is trying to improve their efficiency through measures such as more peer-review and evaluations.

In the first participation of Chinese student in an international student assessment test, the 2009 Programme for International Student Assessment, 15-year-old students from Shanghai ranked first in all of the three categories: mathematics, science, and reading. The Chinese students scored particularly well compared to other nations in mathematics. One explanation for the Chinese results may be a culture emphasizing education and competitive examinations and more time spent studying in part due to less participation in activities such as sports. Teaching have become a higher status occupation. Also, industrialized Shanghai which has done important educational reforms may not be representative for the rest of China. While there was no evidence of cheating or technical problems with the testing, Shanghai which attracts many immigrants from the rest of China may have allowed particularly good students to study in the city and the students may have been told that the test was important for China"s image. The OECD director of the testing, Andreas Schleicher, said that the results were expected to produce astonishment and had been examined for accuracy by international experts after the OECD received the Shanghai scores. He also said that the results "refute the commonly held hypothesis that China just produces rote learning" and "Large fractions of these students demonstrate their ability to extrapolate from what they know and apply their knowledge very creatively in novel situations".Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang) in China topped the rankings in reading, mathematics and sciencegold medals every year consistently at many International Science Olympiad Competitions like the International Biology Olympiad,International Olympiad on Astronomy and Astrophysics,International Olympiad in Informatics,International Earth Science Olympiad,International Mathematical Olympiad,International Physics OlympiadInternational Chemistry Olympiad.

Effective protection of intellectual property has been seen as weak. There has been an increasing recognition of that this discourages indigenous innovation and efforts has been made to strengthen the system.

In addition, although China is catching up fast, it still trails the U.S. and Japan for the number of patents made oversea. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization, the U.S. has 247,609 equivalent patent applications filed abroad in 2021, followed by Japan (190,399) and China (111,905). Regarding the patent applications adjusting for GDP, China ranked second in the world after South Korea, with 8,159 resident patent applications per unit of USD 100 billion in GDP, followed by China (5,738). In terms of the patent applications adjusting for population, China ranked fourth in the world. South Korea continues to lead with 3,599 equivalent patent applications per million population, followed by Japan (1,770), Switzerland (1,119), and China (1,010).

An analysis of ISI Web of Knowledge data found that China had increased its share of the most highly cited science articles from 1.85% in 2001 to 11.3% in 2011. By 2019, China overtakes UK in ‘highly cited researchers’ table and ranks second after the United States according to Web of Science, who publish the annual list.

There are 8,000 journals and 4,600 in scientific fields. Almost all Chinese science organisations publish their own journal. The government owns or supports most journals with only a small number being privately owned. The "publish or perish" system has been argued to contribute to many low quality journals and articles that are infrequently cited and also to plagiarism and fraud. The Chinese government has put into place stricter regulations, punished or terminated some journals, and aims increase quality control and peer evaluation of journals as well as to create five to ten large publishing groups.China Association for Science and Technology, which oversees 1,050 journals, in a declaration listed various forms of misconduct, plagiarism, and fraud and as well, the penalties for perpetrating them such as written warnings, blacklisting, contacting the researcher"s home institution or funding agencies, or public disclosure. It has also been seen as important by increasing pressure on other journals and by informing editors who may not know that some actions such as favoring researchers based on personal relations are unacceptable. China also plans to give substantial financial incentives to top journals based on factors such as their Chinese and international impact factor. It has been questioned if this will have an effect on the many poor quality journals who in return for money help researchers fill their institutional requirements for published papers.

Concerned about corruption in Chinese science,Zhejiang University in his 2005 book Critique of the Academic Evaluation System (学术评价制度批判), argue that interference from government officials and university bureaucrats makes peer review far less effective in China than it could be. The time scientists spend cultivating politically influential people is lost to scientific research. Liu argues that the command economy mentality of measuring everything by the numbers combined with pervasive political interference results in a great waste of money, human talent as well as considerable corruption in Chinese science.

There is a lack of arable land and water which means only new technology can increase the output of Chinese agriculture. Chinese Communist Party former general secretary Jiang Zemin has therefore called for a "new revolution in agricultural science and technology."genetically modified foods have been introduced or proposed after widespread public concern.pesticides has contributed to concerns regarding the Food safety in China.

In 2009 China manufactured 48.3% of the world"s televisions, 49.9% of mobile phones, 60.9% of personal computers and 75% of LCD monitors. Indigenously made electronic components have become an important source of recent growth.

On 8 July 2017, the Chinese State Council announced plans to turn China into the world leader in artificial intelligence (AI) by 2030, seeking to make the industry worth 1 trillion yuan.road map to that effect in which it outlined how it expects AI to be developed and deployed across a wide number of industries and sectors, such as in areas from the military to city planning.

China successfully tested a hydrogen bomb on June 17, 1967, at Lop Nur Nuclear Weapon Test Base, in Malan, Xinjiang (also known as "Test No. 6"). China became the fourth country to have successfully developed a thermonuclear weapon after the United States, Soviet Union and the United Kingdom. The device was dropped from a Hong-6 (Chinese manufactured Tu-16) and was parachute-retarded for an airburst at 2960 meters. The bomb was a three-stage device with a boosted U-235 primary and U-238 pusher. The yield was 3.3 megatons.

It was a fully functional, full-scale, three-stage hydrogen bomb, tested 32 months after China had made its first fission device. China thus produced the shortest fission-to-fusion development known in history. China had received extensive technical help from the Soviet Union to jump-start their nuclear program, but by 1960, the rift between the Soviet Union and China had become so great that the Soviet Union ceased all assistance to China.

China plans to launch 5 commercial satellites for foreign customers in 2012 and aims to capture 15% of the commercial launch market and 10% of the satellite export market by 2015. In 2011 China launched a total of 19 rockets, which was the second most after Russia.

Objective: In China, a low-fat diet (LFD) is mainly recommended to help improve blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) has been shown to be effective in improving blood glucose levels in America and England. A few studies, primarily randomized controlled trials, have been reported in China as well. Method: Firstly, we designed two ‘six-point formula’ methods, which met the requirements of LCD and LFD, respectively. Fifty-six T2DM patients were recruited and randomly allocated to the LCD group (n = 28) and the LFD group (n = 28). The LCD group received education about LCD’s six-point formula, while the LFD group received education about LFD’s six-point formula. The follow-up time was three months. The indicators for glycemic control and other metabolic parameters were collected and compared between the two groups. Results: Forty-nine patients completed the study. The proportions of calories from three macronutrients the patients consumed met the requirements of LCD and LFD. Compared to the LFD group, there was a greater decrease in HbA1c level in the LCD group (−0.63% vs. −0.31%, p < 0.05). The dosages of insulin and fasting blood glucoses (FBG) in the third month were lower than those at baseline in both groups. Compared with baseline values, body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol (TC) in the LCD group were significantly reduced in the third month (p < 0.05); however, there were no statistically significant differences in the LFD group. Conclusions: LCD can improve blood glucose more than LFD in Chinese patients with T2DM. It can also regulate blood lipid, reduce BMI, and decrease insulin dose in patients with T2DM. In addition, the six-point formula is feasible, easily operable, and a practical educational diet for Chinese patients with T2DM.

On the other hand, a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) is a dietary strategy that refers to carbohydrate intake of between 30–200 g/day or calories from carbohydrates/total calories of <45%, supplementing instead with fat or protein [9]. This has been found to be effective in the treatment of obesity, and apart from significantly reducing weight, it can also effectively improve blood lipid and insulin resistance [10]. In recent years, the American Diabetes Association and Diabetes UK have both confirmed the effectiveness of LCD in reducing weight, improving blood glucose, and regulating blood lipid in patients with DM [11,12]. In Japan, Yamada [13] reported that HbA1c and triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with T2DM decreased significantly in the LCD group without calorie-restriction, compared to the LFD group with calorie-restriction. This indicates that LCD made patients with DM have less desire to eat due to a feeling of satiety. However, only limited studies relating to the use of LCD in patients with DM, especially randomized controlled trials, have been reported in China.

Based on research evidence, only 29.8% of Chinese patients with T2DM comply with a diabetic diet advised by their doctors and dietitians [14]. In addition, we found that certain types of foods were strictly limited and patients with DM were finding it hard to understand the caloric values of foods consumed, thus making it difficult to adhere to the diet. Thus, it is necessary to develop an easy and more effective method to support these patients. Firstly, we designed the ‘six-point formula’ to help patients master LCD and LFD. We then let them record details of their diets and hand over to us the task of calculating the caloric values of foods. Based on this, we explored the effect of two DM diets (LCD and LFD) on hyperglycemia.

This study is a prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) performed between December 2015 to December 2016. The recruited patients were randomly allocated to receive either LCD or LFD using a table of random numbers. Before the intervention, all subjects underwent a one-week [17] washout period to diminish the effect of background diets on the study. The patients were blinded when assigned to groups. This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and the Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice and was approved by the ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (No. 2015106). All enrolled patients signed a consent form.

Evidence from the literature showed that changes in the HbA1c level for six months were 0.6 ± 0.5% in the LCD group and 0.2 ± 0.5% in the calorie-restricted group [13]. Therefore, we calculated 25 patients for each group, with α = 0.05 and power = 0.80. In view of the sample loss of 10%, the number for each group was 28. Finally, we recruited 28 patients for each group in the study.

The detailed contents of the six-point formula of two groups. Notes: 1 jin = 10 liang = 500 g, Chinese conventional units of weight. Staple food/meal refers to foods rich in carbohydrates, mainly three kinds of steamed bread, noodles and rice in China. LFD: Low-fat diet; LCD: Low-carbohydrate diet.

In the one-on-one education session, the researcher and the patients reviewed the handbook. Using the LCD handbook, the researcher focused on instructing patients to restrict intake of staple food/meal (1 Liang) per day in the LCD group. The reduced staple food/meal was replaced by consuming 60 g/day nuts for males and 50 g/day for females, respectively. Nuts were uniformly purchased, weighed, vacuum-packed, and distributed every two weeks.

On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 56 T2DM participants were recruited and randomly allocated to the LCD group (n = 28) and the LFD group (n = 28). Four participants in the LCD group and three participants in the LFD group withdrew from the study. In the LCD group, two participants didn’t like nuts, one showed poor adherence (<4 day/week, and one was lost during follow-up. In the LFD group, two showed poor adherence to the diet program (<4 day/week) and one was lost during follow-up. Finally, the data of 24 in the LCD group and 25 in the LFD group were analyzed (Figure 2). The mean age of patients were (63.94 ± 10.79) years and 26 (53.1%) were men. The general characteristics of the enrolled participants in each group are shown in Table 1 There were no statistically significant differences in any of the parameters between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Dietary adherence was assessed mainly from two aspects: the days of adherence to the dietary program per week and macro-nutrient allocation and their quantities. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed to compare dietary compliance in the two groups (LCD versus LFD). The result showed that there was no difference in self-reported dietary compliance per week (p > 0.05, Table 2).

Prior to the intervention, the total energy and the proportions of calories from the three major nutrients were not significantly different between the two groups (LCD versus LFD). After the intervention, compared to the LFD group, the calories from carbohydrates decreased, while those from fat significantly increased in the LCD group (p < 0.05). In addition, the percentage of calories from carbohydrates (39%) met the standard of LCD (<45%). The 26% of calories from fat met the standard of LFD, while the calories from protein were almost similar in the two groups (p > 0.05, Table 3) (Figure 3).

The percentage of the calories from carbohydrates (39%) met the standard of LCD (<45%) in the LCD group, while the 26% calories from fat met the standard of LFD. LCD: Low-carbohydrate diet; LFD: Low-fat diet

Compared to the baseline, HbA1c levels in both the LCD group and LFD group decreased significantly (0.63 ± 1.18% and 0.31 ± 0.70%), respectively. At the baseline, HbA1c levels were not significantly different between the two groups. However, after the intervention, HbA1c levels in the LCD group decreased significantly (p < 0.05, Table 4), when compared to the LFD group. The Intention-To-Treat (ITT) in relation to HbA1c levels was performed to ensure the stability of the above results. The ITT results were found to be in agreement with the earlier findings (Table 5).

The changing trends of the FBG in the two groups during the intervention are described by the fold line diagram (Figure 4). The results showed that the change of FBG in the LCD group decreased significantly for the first four weeks and then decreased steadily after the fourth week. In contrast, the FBG in the LFD group demonstrated dynamic fluctuation, although it was lower than the baseline value.

Compared to the baseline, body mass index (BMI) and total cholesterol (TC) in the LCD group improved significantly in the third month (p < 0.05). However, there were no similar results in the LFD group. After the intervention, the metabolic indicators were not significantly different between the two groups (Table 8).

The frequencies of hypoglycemia during the three-month period in the two groups showed no significant differences (p > 0.05), before and after the intervention. In addition, there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the two groups before and after the interventions (Table 9)

When compared to the baseline, the dosage of insulin used in the two groups decreased significantly after the intervention (p < 0.05, Table 10), although there was no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05).

The use of LCD in human nutrition and health is a dietary strategy that ensures that carbohydrate intake is restricted. However, in a Chinese dietary plan, most staple foods have high glycemic index [20,21]. Therefore, it would seem that LCD may not be accepted easily among Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In consideration, we initially designed the ‘six-point formula’ to help patients improve dietary adherence. We found that the participants showed good adherence to the intervention, and no significant difference with respect to dietary adherence between two groups (LCD versus LFD) was observed. The proportions of energy provided by the three macronutrients met the requirements of LCD and LFD. It was indicated that the ‘six-point formula’ of the DM diet was feasible for Chinese T2DM patients.

HbA1c levels can reflect blood glucose levels in 2~3 months before blood extraction and long-term glycemic control of patients [5]. The result of this study showed that HbA1c levels in LCD (8.5%) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to that in LFD (4%). The reason might be due to the decreased level of high glycemic index foods, the total amount of foods rich in carbohydrates, and the increased intake of nuts, which could help improve hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity [22,23,24]. Yamada et al. [13] showed that HbA1c levels were significantly decreased by as much as 7.9% in the LCD group and by only 2.6% in the calorie-restricted group. Mayer et al. [25] also found LCD led to a relative improvement in HbA1c than LFD. However, some studies have shown that LFD could decrease HbA1c by 0.8–2.08% [7,8]. These values were less than the result of our study, which might be due to the effect of the ‘six-point formula’ that was simple and easy to remember, helped patients master the methods of the DM diet better, and improved dietary compliance and hyperglycemia.

Fasting blood glucose and postprandial 2-h blood glucose are important indicators for the diagnosis and monitoring of DM [5]. The fold line diagram in this study showed that FBG significantly decreased during the first four weeks in the two groups. While FBG steadily decreased in the LCD group, there was dynamic fluctuation after the initial first month in the LFD group. A reason for the same might be that the patients in the two groups showed keen interest in the ‘six-point formula’ at the beginning of the intervention, which helped improve their dietary adherence and promote FBG control. In addition, nuts could stabilize blood glucose levels [23,26,27], which may have contributed to the steady decrease of FBG in the LCD group. Postprandial 2h blood glucose obviously decreased in the LCD group, which might have resulted from its relationship to limited carbohydrates [20,22].

Nuts are high-fat diets with high-energy levels, but they do not increase the weight of patients [27] because they increase a feeling of satiety and lead to a strong dietary compensation effect [28]. In addition, energy absorption efficiency of the nuts is low and the total energy does not increase [28]. This study further confirmed that BMI in the LCD group decreased. The result is in agreement with the results of Li et al. [23] and Barbour et al. [29].

Diabetes is significantly related to dyslipidemia [5]. While we pay attention to blood glucose levels, it is also necessary to regulate blood lipids. Lovejoy et al. [30] found that TC level in diets enriched in almonds was lower by 21%. Our study found that the TC level decreased significant by 7.4% in the LCD group, which might be related to the effect of some ingredients of the nuts consumed [27].

We found that the insulin dose used by patients in the LCD group during the intervention period decreased, consistent with a study by Westman et al. [31], which found that patients could reduce or terminate the use of hypoglycemic agents by controlling the intake of carbohydrates. But there were no significant differences between group comparisons.

There are some limitations to the study. Firstly, the method used to evaluate the energy intake of food may not have been robust enough. At the baseline, we obtained data of caloric intake from patients’ memories, which meant that it was probably underestimated. Secondly, measurement differences might exist in FBG and postprandial 2-h blood glucose levels, which were measured at home by the patients themselves using different blood glucose meters. Thirdly, the prolonged effect of LCD on the prognosis of DM was not observed due to short follow-up time. Finally, a control group without a treatment was not considered in the study design.

LCD can improve blood glucose more than LFD in Chinese patients with T2DM. It can also regulate blood lipids, reduce BMI, and decrease insulin doses in patients with T2DM. In addition, the six-point formula is feasible, easily operable, and is a practical educational diet for Chinese patients with T2DM.

6. Cao A.H., Sun L.Z., Cui J.W. Effects of A Low-Carbohydrate Diet and A Low-Fat Diet on Weight and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetics Mellitus. Chin. Gener. Pract.2011;14:52–56.

7. Cao A.L., Xin B. Effects of low-fat diet on body mass, blood lipids and sugar control in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin. Focus.2012;27:1025–1031.

8. Wang Y.L., Yao Y.N., Yang X.L. Clinical study of the changing of bodyweight (BW) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in obese patients with type 2 diabetes on a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) J. Xinjiang Med. Univ.2009;32:914–916.

13. Yamada Y., Uchida J., Izumi H., Tsukamoto Y., Inoue G., Watanabe Y., Irie J., Yamada S. A non-calorie-restricted low-carbohydrate diet is effective as an alternative therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes. Int. Med.2012;53:13. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.53.0861. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

24. Sacks F.M., Carey V.J., Anderson C.A., Miller E.R., Copeland T., Charleston J., Harshfield B.J., Laranjo N., McCarron P., Swain J. Effects of high vs low glycemic index of dietary carbohydrate on cardiovascular disease risk factors and insulin sensitivity: The OmniCarb randomized clinical trial. JAMA.2014;312:2531–2541. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.16658. PubMed] [CrossRef]

25. Mayer S.B., Jeffreys A.S., Olsen M.K., McDuffie J.R., Feinglos M.N., Jr., Yancy W.S. Two Diets with Different Hemoglobin A1c and Antiglycemic Medication Effects Despite Similar Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabet. Obes. Metab.2014;16:90–93. doi: 10.1111/dom.12191. PubMed] [CrossRef]

26. Liu J.F., Liu Y.H., Chen C.M., Chang W.H., Chen C.O. The effect of almonds on inflammation and oxidative stress in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized crossover controlled feeding trial. Eur. J. Nutr.2013;52:927–935. doi: 10.1007/s00394-012-0400-y. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

28. Tan S.Y., Dhillon J., Mattes R.D. A review of the effects of nuts on appetite, food intake, metabolism, and body weight. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.2014;100(Suppl. 1):412S–422S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071456. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

29. Barbour J.A., Howe P.R., Buckley J.D., Bryan J., Coates A.M. Effect of 12 Weeks High Oleic Peanut Consumption on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors and Body Composition. Nutrients.2015;7:7381–7398. doi: 10.3390/nu7095343. PubMed] [CrossRef]

30. Lovejoy J.C., Most M.M., Lefevre M., Greenway F.L., Rood J.C. Effect of diets enriched in almonds on insulin action and serum lipids in adults with normal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.2002;76:1000–1006. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/76.5.1000. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

Light leak or backlight bleeding is often noticeable around the edges or the sides of a screen. Especially while it is displaying a dark background or is in a dark environment.

NOTE: This article provides information about common issues that are seen on LCD screens. It is not something specific to a particular Dell computer but is something that can be seen on any LCD screen by any manufacturer.

Pixel pitch describes the density of the pixels (LED clusters) on an LED display and correlates with resolution. Sometimes referred to as pitch or dot pitch, the pixel pitch is the distance in millimeters from the center of a pixel to the center of the adjacent pixel. Since pixel pitch indicates the amount of space between two pixels, a smaller pixel pitch means there is less empty space between pixels. This equates to higher pixel density and improved screen resolution.

Pixel pitch is important because it influences the optimal viewing distance for your display. An image achieves smoother borders and finer detail with lower pixel pitch values. This allows the viewer to stand closer to the screen and enjoy a clear image without the distraction of discerning individual pixels. When determining viewing distance and pixel pitch, the rule of thumb is that a smaller pixel pitch allows for a closer viewing distance. Conversely, a higher pixel pitch elongates the minimum viewing distance. So, a 1.2mm screen will have significantly higher resolution and a closer optimal viewing distance than a 16mm .

Consumers can get the best value for their LED screen by determining the optimal viewing distance of their screen. The optimal viewing distance is the point where image fidelity is retained, but if the observer moved much closer, the image quality would decrease or the screen would appear pixelated.

For example, a display with interactive touch solutions will need a low pixel pitch to produce crisp images for the nearby audience. On the other hand, an LED screen displayed above viewers, like one hung in an arena, could get away with a higher pixel pitch. The short answer is that a smaller pixel pitch will always give you better quality image, but the investment will not be fully appreciated if the screen is not seen from a sufficiently close enough distance.

Visual Acuity Distance – also known as retina distance, this is a formulated calculation of the distance a person with 20/20 vision must move away from an LED screen to see a coherent image that is not pixelated.

While these methodologies are useful guides, there is no correct answer in determining viewing distance. A screen’s viewing distance is ultimately whatever the owner of the screen finds comfortable.

SINGAPORE (Reuters) - Singapore said on Friday has banned the import and sale of all milk and dairy products from China with immediate effect after tests found melamine contamination in two brands of China-made milk products.

“As a precautionary measure, AVA is also suspending the import and sale of all milk and milk products from China with immediate effect,” said Singapore’s Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority (AVA) in a statement.

In China, 6,244 children have become ill, with four dead and 158 suffering “acute kidney failure” after consuming milk powder tainted with melamine, a banned chemical used in making plastics.

It is such a waste to only use the LCD for desktop computers. Connecting it up with a laptop PC has many merits for the user and can also bring out the latent power of the laptop.

Most laptops have a handy "external display output" port. It can be used in the home to transmit videos played on the laptop to a large screen TV or, in the office, to connect up with a projector for presentations. In fact, there must be many users who already use it like this. However, people tend to use just the laptop in their daily routine and there are probably not so many cases where they use the external display output.

A laptop can be put to more effective use if it is connected to an external LCD. The photograph shows an EIZO 23-inch wide-screen LCD connected by HDMI to a Sony VAIO C laptop (VPCCW28FJ/R).

This time we would like to suggest a style that can be used in both the home and the office, where a laptop and stand-alone LCD remain connected. A laptop already has an LCD, but using it with an additional stand-alone LCD offers various merits. Not only does it make the laptop environment more pleasant and convenient, it also expands the potential of the computer itself, for example by making it possible to use it for new purposes.

Even if the LCD is already connected to a desktop computer and being used for something other than the laptop, most monitors nowadays have two or more video inputs and they tend not to use this capability to the full. It is such a waste to let the laptop"s external display output function and the monitor"s video input function remain dormant, so we would like them to be put to effective use. Of course, we would also recommend the introduction of a new LCD to connect to your laptop.

The biggest merit of connecting a laptop with a stand-alone LCD is that it gives you a large screen and high resolution dual display environment. Standard laptop models usually come with a built-in 13-inch to 15-inch wide-screen LCD with a 1280 × 800 dot or 1366 × 768 dot resolution.

This level of resolution is good enough for basic Windows operations, but it goes without saying that a large, high-resolution computer screen is much more user-friendly. Combining a laptop with one of the latest wide-screen monitors enables you to easily construct a large-screen, high-resolution dual display environment. It is a real boon to dramatically boost the screen size and resolution while continuing to use your familiar laptop.

Another plus is that you can create the luxury of a "watching while" environment where you run the web browser, for instance, on the laptop"s built-in LCD and watch the video content on the large screen of the external monitor. This can be really useful for hobbies too. For example, while playing a game on the large external LCD screen you can check out strategies on websites, post information on a BBS or communicate with other users.

You can smoothly use multiple applications at the same time in the large workspace provided by a dual display. The photograph shows an EIZO 24.1-inch wide-screen LCD, the FlexScan SX2462W connected to a VAIO C. By supplementing the laptop"s built-in 1366 × 768 dot 14-inch wide-screen LCD with a 1920 × 1200 dot 24.1-inch wide-screen, it is possible to show more data at a time, a huge boost to work efficiency.

With two screens it"s easy to have full-screen display of the video content on one screen while you operate the computer on the other. The photograph shows an EIZO 23-inch wide-screen LCD monitor connected to a VAIO C. The VAIO C has HDMI output and the LCD monitor has HDMI input so visuals and sound can be transmitted by a single HDMI cable. The LCD monitor has full HD screen resolution (1920 × 1080 dot), making it the perfect match for HD video content.

At the office, it is very helpful for presentations to use "clone view" for the laptop"s built-in LCD and the external LCD screen. Clone view means showing exactly the same content on two display screens. It is normally set by a graphics driver function.

When holding small meetings it is certainly very convenient to be able to offer simple explanations of the presentation materials displayed on the external LCD, rather than having to ready a projector. Being able to explain about what is displayed on the screen means fewer documents to distribute, helping your office to "go paperless", which can only be a good thing.

Even if the upper limit is 1680 × 1050 dots, the LCD can still display the data if its own resolution is 1680 × 1050 dots or higher. In such cases, it is better to use a monitor that offers dot-by-dot display, which displays the input resolution as it is, or enlarged display, which maintains the screen"s aspect ratio as it is. You do not need to worry because EIZO wide-screen LCDs can handle such display methods (although in some cases they do not function properly depending on the laptop computer or input resolution).

This is an example of a low-resolution display on the 1920 × 1200 dot display SX2462W. Since dot-by-dot display outputs the physical "1 dot" of the LCD and the input resolution "1 dot" without enlargement or reduction, it is shown small in the center of the screen (photo on the left). The display is a little blurred if it is enlarged while maintaining the aspect ratio, but this method is suitable for displaying images as they are shown large with low resolution to make the most of the screen size (photo on the right). Many monitors that cannot handle such display methods enlarge the display to full screen regardless of the input resolution. In such cases you have to be careful as the aspect ratio of the image is altered (for example, people appear to be thinner or fatter).

It is easy to set up a dual display in Windows 7. A menu is displayed when you right-click on the desktop. From "Screen resolution" it is possible to detect and align the external LCD, and set details such as resolution, display method and which will be the main display screen.

The "Screen resolution" menu. If the external LCD is not automatically recognized, click on "Detect". After the monitor has been recognized, you can select the display mode from the "Multiple displays" drop-down menu. Select "Extend display screen" to make the laptop screen and the external LCD into a single display screen (dual display).

Select "Duplicate display screen" from the "Multiple displays" drop-down menu to display the same content on the laptop screen and the external LCD screen (clone view). With this drop-down menu you can also set it to display video on one of the LCDs.

It is also worth noting that Windows 7 has added functions so that dual display can be used more effectively. An active window can be moved to the screen of another LCD by simultaneously pushing "Windows" + "Shift" + "→" (or "←"). It is also possible to maximize the window by pressing "Windows" + "↑", minimize it by pressing "Windows" + "↓", and shift it to the left or right of each screen by pressing "Windows" + "→" (or "←"). Making good use of these shortcuts should enable the efficient placing of windows in the two screens.

In Windows 7, pressing "Windows" + "Shift" + "→" instantly moves the active window from the left-hand screen (photo on the left) to the right-hand screen (photo on the right). Conversely, you can move the active window from the right-hand screen to the left-hand one by pressing "Windows" + "Shift" + "←".

We would recommend a wide-screen model with a screen resolution of 1920 × 1080 dots (Full HD) or 1920 × 1200 dots (WUXGA) as the LCD to connect to a laptop, so that you can make full use of the advantages of dual display. EIZO has an extensive line up of wide-screen LCDs which can offer many benefits, in addition to the merits of a large screen and high resolution, when used with a laptop for dual display.

One such feature is the flexible stand adjustment. For example, the tilt, swivel and height can be adjusted for the FlexScan SX2462W, a 24.1-inch WUXGA model, and the FlexScan EV2333, a 23-inch full HD model. This enables users to adjust the screen position for easy viewing according to their own posture, which not only boosts work efficiency but also reduces physical strain.

The SX2462W stand. The simultaneous adjustment of its tilt, swivel and height enables the optimum screen position to be aligned for its operating environment.

The SX2462W is also equipped with vertical display function, turning the screen through 90 degrees. Vertical display is really handy when viewing elongated documents, graphics or web pages. In addition, when used as a standard horizontal screen, a 24.1 wide-screen, with its 518.4 × 324.0 mm display area, can display two A4 sheets, in other words one A3 (420 × 297 mm) in actual size. As well as being very useful in areas such as graphics or desk top publishing, this is also bound to come in handy when checking large business or accounting documents.

With a 24.1 inch wide-screen like the SX2462W, an A3 sheet (two A4 sheets side by side) can be viewed in actual size, particularly effective for paper-based creative work ITmedia LCD Course II, Lesson 3: Which is better, 16:10 or 16:9 ? – "Screen size / resolution / aspect ratio"

We must not forget that EIZO"s wide-screen LCDs have non-glare screens (processed to reduce ambient light reflection). Nowadays the trend is for laptops to have an LCD with glare (glossy) surface treatment. While these can display images in bright color, reflected ambient light can sometimes be distracting.

A laptop screen is not so large and adjusting its angle can avoid the reflection of lights and so on, however it is not so easy with the large screen of an external LCD. When it comes to the large screen of an LCD in habitual use, a non-glare type that is not reflective is probably easier to see, as well as being kinder on the eyes. A large screen, high resolution and non-glare ensure that you can comfortably continue viewing over a prolonged period of time.

The surface treatment of an LCD makes a difference to the background reflection. Glare panels do not diffuse background light, making it easier to achieve high color purity, but easily reflect the user or lights (photo on the left). If the lights are similarly trained on a non-glare panel they do not have much effect, only appearing as a fuzzy brightness (photo on the right).

Another distinctive feature of EIZO wide-screen LCDs is a commitment to energy saving. They incorporate various power saving features that support "EcoView". A pivotal feature is the "EcoView Sense" adopted in the FlexScan EV series, such as the EV2333W.

This is the motion sensor on the front of the LCD. It constantly monitors the user"s movements to automatically take finely-tuned power saving measures. To be more precise, if the user"s presence is not detected for a specified period of time, for example if he leaves his seat, the monitor automatically switches to power save mode, and then automatically switches back when the user"s presence is detected again.

Other features include "Auto EcoView", which automatically optimizes the brightness of the LCD based on ambient lighting, and "EcoView Index", which displays a meter on the screen showing how much power is being saved. All these features can be expected to have a strong energy saving effect and to boost the user"s awareness of power saving, making them particularly useful in the office.

A standard laptop computer switches to sleep mode if the built-in LCD is closed while it is running but, if this function is turned off, a laptop can be treated as a "small desktop computer."

It can be set to use only the connected external LCD and not to react when the laptop"s built-in LCD is closed. The transformation into a small desktop PC is complete if you add a keyboard and mouse connected to the laptop via USB ports, for example. The OS is still running even though the laptop"s built-in LCD is closed, so you can carry out normal operations using the external keyboard and mouse, and also use the laptop"s built-in optical drives.

The idea is to use a large screen, high resolution external LCD at home or in the office, and to use the laptop"s built-in LCD as usual for mobile purposes. This helps to boost the longevity of the laptop"s built-in LCD and many people do use their laptop in this way. If you feel reluctant to use a dual display environment, where the screen is split in two, why not give this a try?

Select "Only show the desktop on 2" from the "Multiple displays" list in the "Screen resolution" menu. The laptop"s built-in LCD will be switched off and the external LCD will become the main display.

By making this simple setting your laptop can be used as a space saving desktop computer. Another plus is that the laptop"s built-in LCD will last longer.

Recently some high-end laptop computers, such as the Sony VAIO F, are insisting on good display quality for their LCDs. However, a typical laptop"s built-in LCD does not have as good image quality as a stand-alone LCD. This is only natural since the costs allowed for display quality are completely different for an LCD incorporated into the PC as one of its parts and a specialized LCD.

However, by using an EIZO wide-screen LCD a laptop user can still fully enjoy such benefits of a stand-alone high-quality LCD as excellent color reproduction, a wide viewing angle, more even display and a wealth of items that can be adjusted to improve image quality. This is a crucial point for people who use their computer for photographs and videos in particular.

EIZO"s wide-screen LCDs emphasize color reproduction, and the coloration in sRGB mode has a high degree of accuracy. The standard color gamut used in PC environments and Internet content is sRGB, so you need have no worries about viewing or editing videos and photographs. They can also display images on web pages, such as products in online shops or goods for sale in online auctions, in colors that are very close to the real thing. (This is also influenced by how the seller took the photographs and processed the images, so we cannot say that the colors will always be accurate.)

Adobe RGB is the de facto standard in the publishing field and, closer to home, is used in digital SLR cameras and high grade compact digital cameras. The FlexScan SX series can reproduce the colors of photos taken in Adobe RGB mode with almost perfect accuracy on the screen. Retouching photographs proceeds more efficiently since subtle differences in color can be checked on the screen.

In this case, if the image is edited on the external LCD with its high color reproducibility and the many tool palettes in the application are grouped in the laptop"s built-in LCD, there is less need to display or hide the tool palettes or to switch back and forth, and the image data to be edited can be displayed in a large form, making for more efficient work.

In this case, if the image is edited on the external LCD with its high color reproducibility and the many tool palettes in the application are grouped in the laptop"s built-in LCD, there is less need to display or hide the tool palettes or to switch back and forth, and the image data to be edited can be displayed in a large form, making for more efficient work.

When doing things like photo retouching, using software where there is a lot of switching between tool palettes it is very handy to display the image data to be edited on the external LCD with its high color reproducibility, and to gather the palette tools to be used on the laptop"s built-in LCD.

Going back to the subject of laptop computers, it is not going too far to say that applications and functions are being spoiled in laptops whose built-in LCD"s image quality is not too good. Connecting a laptop to a monitor with high image quality dispels any concerns about work that deals with colors and also helps to bring out the laptop"s potential.

Combining an EIZO wide-screen LCD with a laptop computer makes viewing videos and images even more fun. Just being able to see them on a large screen is a pleasure, but what makes it even better is that our LCDs are equipped with Fine Contrast, the optimum image quality mode for video and visuals. You can also use the Custom mode to create the image quality you prefer.

We expect that you now understand how displaying screens from a laptop computer on a stand-alone LCD can create a very pleasant environment. It feels as if your everyday laptop has been transformed into a completely different desktop machine. Even if you only use laptop computers, it is definitely worthwhile to add a stand-alone LCD.

When choosing the type of LCD the most important consideration is to choose one with overall high quality. When it comes to that, we can recommend EIZO wide-screen LCDs to a broad range of laptop users. In addition to their high image quality, EIZO wide-screen LCD are built with careful attention to detail, including non-glare screens, versatile stand features, dot-by-dot capability, abundant image quality modes, and our proprietary eco-functions. We want you to make full use of your beloved laptop computer along with an EIZO wide-screen LCD.

This time we have spoken about how an external LCD can be connected to a laptop computer, but if your main machine is a desktop computer then you probably already have a LCD.

In which case, why not consider adding a full HD (1920 × 1080 dot) or WUXGA (1920 × 1200 dot) wide-screen LCD and creating a more advanced dual display environment to further enhance your computer"s usability.

The dual display environment of a desktop PC has a wider range of options than a laptop computer, which is already installed with an LCD. Depending on the combination of products used you can seek for a larger screen, higher resolution and better image quality.

You can get a super high resolution of 3840 × 1200 dots in total by putting two 24.1-inch 1920 × 1200 dot wide-screen LCDs side by side. The advantage in this is that a larger screen and higher resolution are achieved at a lower cost than buying a single 30-inch high resolution model