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Retina Display is a brand name used by Apple for its series of IPS LCD and OLED displays that have a higher pixel density than traditional Apple displays.trademark with regard to computers and mobile devices with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and Canadian Intellectual Property Office.

The Retina display debuted in 2010 with the iPhone 4 and the iPod Touch (4th Generation), and later the iPad (3rd generation) where each screen pixel of the iPhone 3GS, iPod touch (3rd generation), iPad 2 was replaced by four smaller pixels, and the user interface scaled up to fill in the extra pixels. Apple calls this mode HiDPI mode. In simpler words, it is one logical pixel = four physical pixels. The scale factor is tripled for devices with even higher pixel densities, such as the iPhone 6 Plus and iPhone X.

The Retina display has since expanded to most Apple product lines, such as Apple Watch, iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, iPad Mini, iPad Air, iPad Pro, MacBook, MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, iMac, and Pro Display XDR, some of which have never had a comparable non-Retina display.marketing terms to differentiate between its LCD and OLED displays having various resolutions, contrast levels, color reproduction, or refresh rates. It is known as Liquid Retina display for the iPhone XR, iPad Air 4th Generation, iPad Mini 6th Generation, iPad Pro 3rd Generation and later versions,Retina 4.5K display for the iMac.

Apple"s Retina displays are not an absolute standard for display sharpness, but vary depending on the size of the display on the device, and at what distance the user would typically be viewing the screen. Where on smaller devices with smaller displays users would view the screen at a closer distance to their eyes, the displays have more PPI (Pixels Per Inch), while on larger devices with larger displays where the user views the screen further away, the screen uses a lower PPI value. Later device versions have had additional improvements, whether an increase in the screen size (the iPhone 12 Pro Max), contrast ratio (the 12.9” iPad Pro 5th Generation, and iMac with Retina 4.5K display), and/or, more recently, PPI count (OLED iPhones); as a result, Apple uses the names “Retina HD display", "Retina 4K/5K display", “Retina 4.5K display", "Super Retina HD display", “Super Retina XDR display”, and "Liquid Retina display" for each successive version.

When introducing the iPhone 4, Steve Jobs said the number of pixels needed for a Retina display is about 300 PPI for a device held 10 to 12 inches from the eye.skinny triangle with a height equal to the viewing distance and a top angle of one degree will have a base on the device"s screen that covers 57 pixels. Any display"s viewing quality (from phone displays to huge projectors) can be described with this size-independent universal parameter. Note that the PPD parameter is not an intrinsic parameter of the display itself, unlike absolute pixel resolution (e.g. 1920×1080 pixels) or relative pixel density (e.g. 401 PPI), but is dependent on the distance between the display and the eye of the person (or lens of the device) viewing the display; moving the eye closer to the display reduces the PPD, and moving away from it increases the PPD in proportion to the distance.

In practice, thus far Apple has converted a device"s display to Retina by doubling the number of pixels in each direction, quadrupling the total resolution. This increase creates a sharper interface at the same physical dimensions. The sole exception to this has been the iPhone 6 Plus, 6S Plus, 7 Plus, and 8 Plus, which renders its display at triple the number of pixels in each direction, before down-sampling to a 1080p resolution.

The displays are manufactured worldwide by different suppliers. Currently, the iPad"s display comes from Samsung,LG DisplayJapan Display Inc.twisted nematic (TN) liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) to in-plane switching (IPS) LCDs starting with the iPhone 4 models in June 2010.

Apple markets the following devices as having a Retina display, Retina HD display, Liquid Retina display, Liquid Retina XDR display, Super Retina HD display, Super Retina XDR display or Retina 4K/5K/6K display:

Reviews of Apple devices with Retina displays have generally been positive on technical grounds, with comments describing it as a considerable improvement on earlier screens and praising Apple for driving third-party application support for high-resolution displays more effectively than on Windows.T220 and T221 had been sold in the past, they had seen little take-up due to their cost of around $8400.

Writer John Gruber suggested that the arrival of Retina displays on computers would trigger a need to redesign interfaces and designs for the new displays:

The sort of rich, data-dense information design espoused by Edward Tufte can now not only be made on the computer screen but also enjoyed on one. Regarding font choices, you not only need not choose a font optimized for rendering on screen, but should not. Fonts optimized for screen rendering look cheap on the retina MacBook Pro—sometimes downright cheesy—in the same way they do when printed in a glossy magazine.

Raymond Soneira, president of DisplayMate Technologies, has challenged Apple"s claim. He says that the physiology of the human retina is such that there must be at least 477 pixels per inch in a pixelated display for the pixels to become imperceptible to the human eye at a distance of 12 inches (305 mm).Phil Plait notes, however, that, "if you have [better than 20/20] eyesight, then at one foot away the iPhone 4S"s pixels are resolved. The picture will look pixelated. If you have average eyesight [20/20 vision], the picture will look just fine... So in my opinion, what Jobs said was fine. Soneira, while technically correct, was being picky."

Apple fan website CultOfMac hosts an article by John Brownlee"Apple"s Retina Displays are only about 33% of the way there."visual acuity in the population saying "most research suggests that normal vision is actually much better than 20/20" when in truth the majority have worse than 20/20 vision,WHO considers average vision as 20/40.presbyopia

The first smartphone following the iPhone 4 to ship with a display of a comparable pixel density was the Nokia E6, running Symbian Anna, with a resolution of 640 × 480 at a screen size of 62.5mm. This was an isolated case for the platform however, as all other Symbian-based devices had larger displays with lower resolutions. Some older Symbian smartphones, including the Nokia N80 and N90, featured a 2.1 inch display at 259 ppi, which was one of the sharpest at the time. The first Android smartphones with the same display - Meizu M9 was launched a few months later in beginning of 2011. In October of the same year Galaxy Nexus was announced, which had a display with a better resolution. By 2013 the 300+ ppimark was found on midrange phones such as the Moto G.Samsung Galaxy S4 and HTC One (M8) had 1080p (FHD) screens around 5-inches for a 400+ PPI which surpassed the Retina density on the iPhone 5. The second major redesign of the iPhone, the iPhone 6, has a 1334 × 750 resolution on a 4.7-inch screen, while rivals such as the Samsung Galaxy S6 have a QHD display of 2560 × 1440 resolution, close to four times the number of pixels found in the iPhone 6, giving the S6 a 577 PPI that is almost twice that of the iPhone 6"s 326 PPI.

The larger iPhone 6 Plus features a "Retina HD display", which is a 5.5-inch 1080p screen with 401 PPI. Aside from resolution, all generations of iPhone Retina displays receive high ratings for other aspects such as brightness and color accuracy, compared to those of contemporary smartphones, while some Android devices such as the LG G3 have sacrificed screen quality and battery life for high resolution. Ars Technica suggested the "superfluousness of so many flagship phone features—the move from 720p to 1080p to 1440p and beyond...things are all nice to have, but you’d be hard-pressed to argue that any of them are essential".

SEOUL, Nov 5 (Reuters) - China has decided to approve $6 billion worth of investment in flat-screen plants by South Korea"s Samsung Electronicsand LG Display, a source said on Friday.

Asian makers of liquid crystal display (LCD) screens are rushing to set up production bases in China, which is expected to become the world’s biggest LCD TV market within a few years.

Samsung, the world’s No.1 LCD maker, has sought Chinese approval for its 7.5-generation LCD manufacturing facility in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, requiring 2.6 trillion won ($2.35 billion) investment. [ID:nSEO131216]

LG Display has also signed a separate deal with the Chinese city of Guangzhou, Guangdong province, for a $4 billion, 8th-generation panel plant. [nSEO152959]

Despite an aggressive push from China to expand manufacturing capacity in AMOLED displays to produce superior screens in devices like smartphones, Chinese makers are shipping much fewer product than expected.

AMOLED—or active-matrix organic light-emitting diode—is recognized as a strong alternative in achieving what its rival LCD technology cannot do, especially for smartphone displays. Here AMOLED offers lower-power consumption, better color saturation, a slimmer structure, and most importantly, flexible and even foldable capabilities.

To date Samsung Display has been the dominant supplier of AMOLED smartphone display panels. But Chinese manufacturers are keen to get in on the action and have been ramping up manufacturing capacity in assertive fashion. Among these makers are Beijing-based BOE; EverDisplay from Shanghai; Visionox Display in Shanghai-adjacent Kunshan; Tianma, Royole, and Chinastar, all three located in the major industrial enclave of Shenzhen in Southwest China; and Truly Display, northeast of Shenzhen.

Yet shipments from Chinese AMOLED makers so far have fallen short of their manufacturing capacity, as reported by the IHS Markit Smartphone Display Intelligence Service. This indicates that there’s still a long way to go before the Chinese achieve stable yield rates for the AMOLED displays they make. Moreover, a significant gap remains between Chinese panel makers and Samsung Display. For the Chinese, surviving in the competitive market remains a top priority.

Chinese panel makers in the first quarter this year—traditionally the low season—shipped a total of 1.3 million AMOLED displays, down 58.4% from 3.0 million in Q4 2016 when average selling prices, had been high. To be sure, brands had released orders in advance during the final quarter of 2016 in order to control BOM costs and to maintain abundant supply in anticipation of surging sales experienced normally during the traditional Lunar New Year in January. As a result, brands were cautious about releasing more orders in Q1 after the lunar holidays, undertaken ostensibly to control component inventory levels during Q1’s low season. Aggravating the situation was the weak demand for smartphones at that time, given that the number of new smartphone models introduced in every first quarter historically has never been high.

Even so, the country’s AMOLED display shipments dropped faster than shipments for the overall Chinese display space. Unlike market leader Samsung Display, Chinese panel makers remain weak in AMOLED production yield rates and in their supply chain. And when global demand turned soft as it does every first quarter, Chinese shipments were impacted accordingly. Still, local panel makers attained significant growth in mass-production loading rates, achieving a whopping 403% increase from the year-ago quarter, but purely on the strength of an immature market at the time of the first quarter in 2016.

The global smartphone market accounts for most of the demand enjoyed by China’s AMOLED panel makers. In the first quarter of this year, shipments from China of AMOLED displays for smartphones amounted to 900,000 units. That represented a plunge of 61% from the previous quarter.

Among Chinese AMOLED makers EverDisplay remained the leader with a commanding 66.8% market share in Q1. In absolute numbers, however, AMOLED shipments from the manufacturer fell 58.4% from the previous quarter, down to 800,000 units. EverDisplay at the end of 2016 had won orders for 5-inch high-definition displays from Chinese telecom giant Huawei and then started mass production in January 2017. But because Huawei products called for much higher requirements, EverDisplay found itself facing quality-related issues that significantly impacted output on the whole.

At the same time that EverDisplay started having issues, Samsung Display won back a portion of demand for the same 5-inch HD AMOLED displays from Huawei. But with the South Korean electronics titan offering more stable quality and comparatively lower panel costs for its AMOLED products, EverDisplay as well as other Chinese AMOLED panel makers became negatively impacted.

At No. 2 was Visionox, with market share rising to 24.1%. Like EverDisplay, Visionox is another panel maker in China that relies on AMOLED. As demand came to nearly an end in Q3 2016 from ZTE, another of China’s telecom giants and also a customer, Visionox faced trouble. To maintain a reasonable level of capacity utilization, Visionox continued to foster shipments for local outfits like Chinese smartphone brand Nubia.

For both BOE and Tianma, strong relationships were in place with local smartphone brands that allowed the two manufacturers to enjoy greater LCD exposure than their other rivals. BOE and Tianma ranked No. 3 and No. 4, respectively, but their AMOLED shipments were far smaller—and less important to the makers—than their LCD output. For financial stability, the companies have to focus first on LCD for smartphones while they work on the more time-consuming and challenging process toward getting stable yield rates for AMOLED.

A similar situation surrounded Tianma. Its Gen 5.5 AMOLED fab capacity in Shanghai focused on the evaporation and encapsulation process, while LTPS array glass shipped from the maker’s Xiamen Gen 5.5 LTPS LCD fab. Because Tianma’s LTPS LCD demand was strong and AMOLED demand was poor in comparison, Tianma gave LTPS LCD top priority in Q1, shipping fewer AMOLED panels in the process. Nonetheless, the manufacturer’s AMOLED shipments are expected to increase quickly when its Wuhan Gen 6 AMOLED fab capacity becomes ready for mass-production output.

There were multiple reasons for Chinese AMOLED panel makers for performing poorly in the first quarter, such as the period in question being the slow season, as well as continuing competition from Samsung Display.

As can be seen from the strategies of BOE and Tianma, Chinese AMOLED makers are in the process of rapidly expanding manufacturing capacity, with more focus directed toward flexible AMOLED, skipping rigid AMOLED altogether. But while Chinese panel makers have successfully penetrated the global LCD market—becoming the world’s largest LCD suppliers and capacity owners in the world—whether they can repeat this success in the AMOLED sphere remains a question at this point. And since achieving stable AMOLED yields and reliability takes a considerable amount of time, a clear path to ROI, or return on investment, is also still up in the air.

If you own one or more Apple products, then it"s worthwhile bookmarking the company"s Exchange and Repair Extension Programs page, as this gives you an up-to-date listing of the warranty programs the Cupertino giant has going at any time.

No sound coming from your Phone 12 and iPhone 12 Pro? Apple has determined that a small number of iPhones might suffer from component failure ont he receiver module. Affected devices were manufactured between October 2020 and April 2021.

Has the display of your iPhone 11 stopped responding? Apple has identified that devices manufactured between November 2019 and May 2020 may have an issue related to the display module.

Do your AirPods Pro crackle when in use? Apple has identified this as a problem affecting some earbuds and has kicked off a replacement program for affected devices.

If the screen on your iPad Air (3rd generation) has gone blank (with perhaps a brief flicker or flash may appear before the screen goes blank) and was manufactured between March 2019 and October 2019, these are eligible for a free of charge fix.

Apple has identified that some MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid 2015) laptops sold between September 2015 and February 2017 may overheat and pose a fire safety risk.

According to Apple, a small percentage of 13-inch MacBook Pro may experience display issues:Display backlight continuously or intermittently shows vertical bright areas along the entire bottom of the screen

Some iPhone X displays may experience touch issues due to a component defect, resulting in either the display not responding to touch, or responding as though it was touched when it wasn"t.

A logic board failure can cause some iPhone 7 handsets to display "No Service" even if in cellular coverage. This affects iPhones sold between September 2016 and February 2018 in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Macao, and the U.S.

This is an odd one as it covers display flickering or Multi-Touch issues after the iPhone has been dropped multiple times on a hard surface. If your device fits the bill, and the device isn"t broken or the screen cracked, Apple will carry out a repair for $149.

SONOFF TH Elite has been designed to be able to connect equipment with high load 20A Max. With an LCD screen, TH Elite monitors temperature and humidity in real time, once you reach the preset threshold or the changes to the on / off status of the device, you will receive a push notification on your phone.

(In fairness it’s not just Republicans who go in for this kind of thing, even if other politicians might adopt a more diplomatic approach. Less than three years ago

This isn’t just about iPhones: Foxconn is reportedly considering setting up a flatscreen display factory in the US that would cost $7bn. If it goes ahead it could create 30,000 to 50,000 new jobs, though these are plans that have been on the table since 2014. Chairman Terry Gou has said that for the move to be viable Foxconn would need substantial government help in terms of access to cheap land and power.

The biggest difference Apple has from other manufacturers is that it sources its materials and components from other manufacturers that operate throughout the globe. For example, its displays are mainly made in Japan by Japan Display and Sharp, and some are still made in South Korea by LG Display; whilst the Touch ID sensor found in its recent iPad and iPhone models are made in Taiwan by TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) and Xintec. In fact, Apple’s

Radio Frequency Modules: Win Semiconductors (module manufacturers Avago and RF Micro Devices) in Taiwan. Avago technologies and TriQuint Semiconductor in the United States. Qualcomm in the United States for LTE connectivity.

Screen and Glass (for the display): Corning (Gorilla Glass) in the United States. GT Advanced Technologies produces the sapphire crystals in the screens.

Buzzfeed spotted a pair of tweets by local IT minister Priyank Kharge, later deleted, in which he said he was “glad to announce initial manufacturing operations of the world’s most valued company, Apple, in [the Indian state of] Karnataka”. It looks like we’re on.

This price takes into account – among other components – the display ($80), A11 Bionic chipset ($26), Qualcomm modem ($18), FaceID sensor ($25) and NAND memory ($45). It does not include the company’s other overheads, of course, such as employee wages, marketing and advertising.

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