texas instruments viewscreen lcd panel made in china

Liquid crystal display (LCD) is a technology being widely used across many end equipments such as smartphones, TVs, automotive infotainment systems, and in smart home or factory environments.

Start with this video to understand the key physical and electrical principles behind a single LCD pixel before moving onto the next video linked below.

Canon Pocketronic, truly historic, the Pocketronic was the first pocket calculator. (For big pockets or hands - it"s about 8" x 4" x 2".) It is a direct product of Texas Instrument"s "Cal-Tech" project. The Cal-Tech (i.e. calculator technology) project set out in 1965 to use integrated circuits to build a calculator that could fit in one"s hand. The project was completed in 1967 with several working prototypes. Texas Instruments sought out a manufacturer and Canon, noted for its cameras, was interested to increase it business machine business. The result was the Canon Pocketronic released in Japan in April 1970. (I was in 7th grade.) It is very similar to the Texas Instruments prototypes including having a horizontal paper printout. It has no LED, LCD or other display - just the printout. It is powered by 13 rechargeable Ni-Cad batteries. It originally sold for $395, over $1,950 in today"s dollars!

The Cal-Tech program is discussed at the datamath site. On the left menu, click "History" and then "Datamath story". The datamath site also has a good article on the Canon Pocketronic which it describes as "the most important calculator in the history of Texas Instruments." On the main menu, go to "Calculators related to Texas Instruments," then to "Canon," then to the "Pocketronic." The datamath site also has several additional pictures. Vintage Calculators also has an excellent article on the Pocketronic and the Cal Tech project. See also Old Calculator Museum. Instructions.

Canon Canola L121 (circa 1971) (large image) www.datamath.org states the first desktop calculator using Large Scale Integrated (LSI) circuits. According to Wikipedia an integrated circuit is a miniaturized electronic circuit etched onto a semiconductor material such as silicon. A large scale integrated circuit has tens of thousands transistors per chip. (See also webopedia.) Describing the L121 as a breakthrough in technology, www.datamath.org has photos and descriptions of the four main integrated circuits in the L121. The L121"s display used Nixie tubes which are sort of like vacuum tubes with 10 layers inside, each representing one of the numerals 0-9. (See Wikipedia.) After this time, Nixie tubes were rapidly replaced by orange Panaplex displays by Burroughs which appear to be like flat Nixie tubes, Light Emitting Diodes (LED), Vacuum-Fluorescent-Displays (VFD), and Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD). Each used progressively less power allowing more pocket sized devices. (See Datamath"s Display Technology of TI Calculators).

I purchased this on eBay on 6-13-06 for $15.75 with $5 shipping - a great deal! It is in near new cosmetic condition and operates perfectly. It includes the original (box), manual and cover, all in excellent condition. It also comes with a battery holder for AA batteries as well as a NiCad battery pack. Both the holder and the separate NiCad pack look new with absolutely no corrosion. It did not include the cradle for charging and AC operation, however. Datamath.org has some excellent photos of the charging craddle and internal views of the calculator. While made in Japan, the calculator uses Texas Instruments chips and display modules.

According to Datamath there were actually four versions - the LD-8M 2 with a Hitachi HD36364 calculator circuit and a smaller display, the LD-8M 3 with a Texas Instruments TMS1042 calculator circuit, one with a NEC uPD946C circuit, and the LD-8M4 which again uses the Hitachi HD36264 calculator circuit. As can be seen in the Datamath photos, the circuit board configurations for the four versions are all quite different. As seen in this photo, mine is the second version, LD-8M 3, which uses the Texas Instruments calculator circuit. The case snaps together and can be opened by carefully prying the edges. The keyboard circuit board sits and top of the main circuit board. The two are joined together by twenty pins. (See photos at mycalcdb.) I separated the boards only slightly in order to be sure to not break the pins. The calculator runs on two 1.5 volt AA batteries. It also has a port at the top to connect to an AC adapter. I do not have the adapter. Canty"s Bookshop in Canberra, Australia has a wonderful ode to a Canon Palmtronic 8M that finally bit the dust.

Bowmar made the Bowmar 901B"s red LED display, called the "Bowmar Optostic." The processor was Texas Instrument"s TMS0103 "calculator on a chip." (www.datamath.org.) The keypad used TI"s Klixon buttons which had a satisfying "click" when pressed. (See The Consumer Electronics Hall of Fame: Bowmar 901B, IEEE Spectrum.) The original cost was $240. $240 in 1972 has the buying power of $1,560 as I write this in May 2021! (Inflation was particularly high from 1973 through 1981.) Calculator prices fell dramatically, however, as competition surged. Texas Instruments introduced their own similar TI-2500 Datamath calculator on September 21, 1972 with a retail price of $149.95 and a street price below $120. (edn.com.) The Bowmar 901B price dropped to $119.95 in 1973, half the original price. (See www.calcuseum.com.) A similar function Bowmar MX-25, made in Mexico, cost $49.95 in 1974 according to a vintage magazine ad on eBay. Falling calculator prices resulted in Bowmar/ALI"s bankruptcy in 1976. The parent company is still in business, however. (The Consumer Electronics Hall of Fame: Bowmar 901B- IEEE Spectrum; Bowmar.) The instruction manual is available at Datamath. The back of the calculator also has an "operating outline" explaining the basic steps. The calculator has -= and += buttons. This changes the logic somewhat from modern calculators. For example, to do 9 minus 4, you press 9, +=, 4, -=. It is sort of like Reverse Polish Notation common on HP calculators where you would go 9, enter, 4, - to get the result. Early Electronic Calculator has several internal images as well as a schematic of the Commodore C110.

Panasonic Clock Calculator JE-8351U small (about 3.5" by 2") and thin (about .25") clock calculator with LCD display with yellow filter. Date unknown. Uses two LR1130 1.5 volt button batteries. Consumes 5mW of power. Serial No. 07101957. NEC D1032G processor. Made in Japan. Folding case. In excellent cosmetic and working condition although I do not know how to set time. Initially it did not work because battery polarity was not correct. I did not notice this until I had disassembled the calculator! Yes, I failed to see the large picture of the battery polarity on the back at first! Purchased on eBay on 2-13-06 for $2.99 plus $4.25 shipping with a Buy It Now. Back, Interior

Credit Card Calculator, credit card sized calculator obtained as a gift from insurance company. Solar with LCD display. Quarter in photo to show size. In working condition, although some display problems at bottom. It is so small that it is difficult to use with one"s fingers.

Jefferson Model CA-6, (Large Image) (February 11, 1975) (aka Jesfferson 676) a simple four function calculator with a six digit red LED display with the presumed manufacturing date of "FEB 11 1975" stamped on the inside. It has no equal or enter key. It appears to use a form of Reverse Polish Notation (RPN) with the + key as an enter key. First, when you turn it on you get EEEEEE. You hit the C key to clear this and end up at zero. To add 5 + 3, you press 5 + 3 + to get 8 as the result. To subtract 5 - 3 you press 5 + 3 - to get 2 as the result. To multiply 5 X 3 you press 5 + 3 X to get 15. To divide 8 ÷ 2, you press 8 + 2 ÷ to get 4. Many advanced Hewlett Packard calculators use RPN since some scientists and engineers find it requires fewer key strokes and no parenthesis. Here, however, I"m guessing it allows for a simpler processor. This calculator is indeed very simple and appears to be designed to be inexpensive as was possible by 1975. The plastic case pops open. (Case and membrane keyboard.) The calculator "guts" then pop out. (The "guts" were originally glued to the front of case, but the glue has dried out.) There is a membrane keyboard attached to the circuit board. There is a 14 pin (7x2) processor chip attached above this on the circuit board. The circuit board has a 74 printed on it perhaps indicating it was manufactured in 1974. Any notation on the processor chip is not visible since the chip is covered by the keyboard panel. The six digit LED display is above this. The Jefferson CA-6 is powered by a 9 volt alkaline battery. A thick paper shield is placed over the "guts" with a place to put the 9 volt battery. The back label says it is "Made in U.S.A." I could not find much information on the Internet. It is listed on Calcuseum listing two versions, one black and one beige like mine. That site also has a reference to a virtually identical model 676. There is a similar model at the Smithsonian. Like mine, the circuit board on the Smithsonian calculator says "PCP-676." That calculator has three white key areas on top, although I doubt they are functional. The Smithsonian entry states: "It seems likely that Jefferson sold rather than actually manufacturing the calculator." A black CA-6 was sold on eBay with a Rockwell 9R for $14.95 plus $9.95 shipping on April 30, 2020. I don"t recall when I acquired this calculator. I"m guessing it was with a collection of other calculators.

Sinclair Scientific Programmable, (Large Image) (August 1975) According to the manual available at www.wass.net: "The Sinclair Scientific Programmable is the first mains/battery calculator in the world to offer a self-contained programming facility with true scientific functions at a price within the reach of the general public." The key here was "at a price within the reach of the general public." Hewlett Packard introduced the HP 65, the first pocket programmable calculator, on January 19, 1974. (See Datamath HP 65.) While much more sophisticated, the HP 65 was priced at $795. ($795 in 1974 has an equivalent buying power of over $5,000 in 2022!) Two years later the HP 65 was replaced by the HP 67 which I have. Texas Instruments introduced the programmable TI-55 on September 16, 1975 priced at $395. (See Datamath TI-55.) In contrast, the simpler Sinclair Scientific Programmable was priced at only $79.95 when introduced in August 1975 according to several magazine ads on eBay. (That"s still $436 in 2022 dollars.) It looks like a simple four function calculator with only 19 keys. It is much more complicated, however. It uses Reverse Polish Notation. To add 2 plus 3 you press 2, up arrow button, enter, 3, +. I stopped there, but the 16 page instruction manual available at www.wass.net tells you how to do much more including up to 24 step programs. The back of the calculator states it is made in England. Sinclair made several different calculator models as indicated at Calculator.org. Sinclair also made the Timex Sinclair 1000, a tiny computer introduced in 1982 at just under $100. The Sinclair Scientific Programmable takes a 9-volt battery. You could also use an AC adapter which I do not have. My calculator is in excellent cosmetic condition and appears to work fine although I"ve only added 2 + 3! The green vacuum fluorescent is bright. It has eight digits, but only 5 digits of precision. To turn on you press the on button down showing red on top of the button. Often you have to put a little pressure on the button to get the display to show. My calculator was a generous donation from a woman in Costa Mesa in July 2022. It originally owned by her dad, a telephone engineer who designed various circuits including a circuit which disconnected an answering machine when the handset was lifted.

Talking Calculator 09, LCD calculator with synthesized female voice that reads the digits of the imput and answer. Has volume and voice speed control. The voice is cool, yet annoying. I can"t think of many practical benefits except maybe use by the visually impaired or as a confirmation for keying in the numbers without looking. In good working condition. This calculator was a generous donation to the museum from a Stella Maris Academy teacher in September 2005.

Talking Big Number Calculator, LCD calculator with synthesized female voice that reads the digits of the imput and answer. Has volume and voice speed control. In good working and cosmetic condition with some scratces. This calculator was a generous donation to the museum from a Stella Maris Academy teacher in September 2005.

For a very small number of TI-81s and TI-82s (ViewScreens), they placed the serial number sticker on the inside and placed a different serial number sticker on the back of the case. These are generally referred to as VB variants.

The 10-Digit Talking Calculator with Music and Alarm is a voice-output calculator designed for use by persons who are blind or have low vision. The calculator has a 10-digit liquid crystal display (LCD), with voice output for entries and results. Other features include voice volume control and shutoff; a time and date display mode, with automatic return from calculator to time mode after eight minutes idle; a built-in talking alarm clock; calculation results reported in digits or units; and 15 m

The 12-Digit Jumbo Talking Calculator is a voice output, large button, large print calculator designed for use by individuals who are blind or have low vision. The calculator features an extra-large crystal display (LCD), oversized number and function buttons with large white numbers, and volume control. The user can push the buttons to do standard calculations and entries appear on the large easy-to-see display screen while the calculator also speak each number and function pressed as well as t

The 8-Digit Talking Calculator, model 6638, is a voice output calculator designed for use by individuals who are blind or have low vision. The calculator features an extra-large liquid crystal display (LCD), an audio result only key, a repeat key, and automatic power shutoff. POWER: Uses 2 AA batteries (not included). DIMENSIONS (HxW): 5 x 6.875 inches. WARRANTY: 90 days.

The Giant Calculator, model GC78l, is a large button and large print calculator designed for use by individuals with fine motor disabilities or low vision. This calculator has large rubber keys and an 8-digit LCD display with large numbers and an adjustable tilt screen. Functions include memory and percentages. POWER: Uses solar panel or button cell battery (included). DIMENSIONS: 11 x 8.25 x 0.875 inches. COLOR: Black or silver.

The Talking Calculator is a voice output calculator designed for use by individuals who are blind or have low vision. The talking calculator has a clear female voice with a built-in volume control. It announces the numbers appearing on its eight-digit LCD readout display with numbers 0.625 inches high. It adds, subtracts, divides, multiplies and calculates percentages. OPTIONS: English or Spanish. POWER: Uses 2 AA batteries (not included).

The Talking Pocket Calculator is a voice output calculator and alarm clock designed for use by individuals who are blind or have low vision. This talking pocket calculator is lightweight and portable. It has a large print 8 digit LCD display of numbers that are read aloud and basic arithmetic and memory functions. It also has an LCD clock with alarm. POWER: Uses 2 AAA batteries (not included).

TI-83 Trainer is a large print calculator program designed for use by students with low vision. It provides complete emulation of the Texas Instruments TI-83 graphing calculator, with separate high-resolution color text and graphics windows, detailed context-sensitive online help, interactive tutorials, a custom testing feature, an interactive programming debugger, logging and macros, and the ability to capture text and graphics for use in other programs. This calculator program supports the TI-

ViewScreen is a calculator screen magnifier designed for use by individuals with low vision. This calculator screen projector enlarges and projects the image of a graphing calculator display so that an entire class can view the screen, including students with low vision. It is designed to work with Texas Instruments graphing calculators, which show graphs and geometrical images on their displays. This product may be used with any standard overhead projector (not included). It can also be used wi

In recent time, China domestic companies like BOE have overtaken LCD manufacturers from Korea and Japan. For the first three quarters of 2020, China LCD companies shipped 97.01 million square meters TFT LCD. And China"s LCD display manufacturers expect to grab 70% global LCD panel shipments very soon.

BOE started LCD manufacturing in 1994, and has grown into the largest LCD manufacturers in the world. Who has the 1st generation 10.5 TFT LCD production line. BOE"s LCD products are widely used in areas like TV, monitor, mobile phone, laptop computer etc.

TianMa Microelectronics is a professional LCD and LCM manufacturer. The company owns generation 4.5 TFT LCD production lines, mainly focuses on making medium to small size LCD product. TianMa works on consult, design and manufacturing of LCD display. Its LCDs are used in medical, instrument, telecommunication and auto industries.

TCL CSOT (TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd), established in November, 2009. TCL has six LCD panel production lines commissioned, providing panels and modules for TV and mobile products. The products range from large, small & medium display panel and touch modules.

Established in 1996, Topway is a high-tech enterprise specializing in the design and manufacturing of industrial LCD module. Topway"s TFT LCD displays are known worldwide for their flexible use, reliable quality and reliable support. More than 20 years expertise coupled with longevity of LCD modules make Topway a trustworthy partner for decades. CMRC (market research institution belonged to Statistics China before) named Topway one of the top 10 LCD manufactures in China.

The Company engages in the R&D, manufacturing, and sale of LCD panels. It offers LCD panels for notebook computers, desktop computer monitors, LCD TV sets, vehicle-mounted IPC, consumer electronics products, mobile devices, tablet PCs, desktop PCs, and industrial displays.