wintek 5x1 character lcd module made in china

591584 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作ί印製 A7 —__B7五、發明説明（彳） 發明背景 1 ·發明領域 本發明係關於藉由準備一 E L元件在一基底上而形成 之E L (電致照明）顯示器（電光學裝置）。更特別而言 ，本發明係關於使用一半導體元件之E L顯示器（使用半 導體薄膜之元件）。再者，本發明係關於一電子裝置，其 中使用E L顯示器在顯示部份。 2 ·相關技藝之說明 在一基底上形成T F T之技術近年來已廣泛的進步， 且對主動矩陣型顯示裝置之應用發展亦顯著進步。特別的 ’使用多晶矽膜之T F T具有比使用習知非晶矽膜較高的 電場效應移動率，因此此T F T可進行較高速操作。結果 ，可藉由和圖素形成在相同基底上之驅動電路而執行習知 以在基底外之驅動電路所執行之圖素控制。 此型之主動矩陣顯示裝置可藉由準備各種電路和元件 在相同基底上而獲得許多優點，如降低製造成本，降低顯 示裝置之尺寸，增加良率，和高產量等。 再者，在具有E L元件當成自我發光裝置之主動矩陣 型E L顯示器之硏發上亦蓬勃發展。此E L顯示器視爲有 機EL顯示器COELD)或有機發光二極體（〇LED )° 和液晶顯不裝置不同的是，E L顯示器是自我發光型 二極體。E L元件以E L層夾在一對電極間而構成。但是 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項^^寫本頁) 裝· 訂 -線· 591584 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _ __ B7五、發明説明（2 ) ，EL層一般具有疊層構造。典型的，可使用由柯達公司 之T a n g等人所提出之”正電洞傳送層/照明層/電子 傳送層”之疊層構造。此構造具有非常高的發光效率，且 此構造可採用在幾乎所有現今硏發之E L顯示器中。 此外，此構造亦可爲在圖素電極上，正電洞注入層/ 正電洞傳送層/照明層/電子傳送層，或正電洞注入層/ 正電洞傳送層/照明層/電子傳送層/電子注入層依序疊 層。可摻雜磷螢光染料至照明層中。 在此說明書中，所有提供在電極對間之層一般皆視爲 E L層。結果，正電洞注入層，正電洞傳送層，照明層， 電子傳送層，和電子注入層皆包括在E L層中。 而後，預定電壓從電極對應用至具有上述構造之E L 層，因此，在照明層中產生載子之再結合，且發光。附帶 的，在本說明書中，E L元件發光之事實乃是其受到驅動 。再者，在本說明書中，陽極，以E L層形成之發光元件 ，和陰極皆視爲E L元件。 在E L顯示器之實際應用上之問題爲導因於E L層受 到破壞之E L元件之短壽命之問題。關於影響E L層壽命 長度之因素方面，如驅動E L顯示器之裝置之構造，構成 E L層之有機E L材料之特性，電極之材料，和在製造方 法中之條件等。 而後，除了上述因素外，近年來，視爲影響E L層壽 命之因素爲驅動E L顯示器之方法。 習知的，爲了從E L元件發光，一般使用應用直流電 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項本頁) .裝-591584 Consumer Cooperation of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed A7 —__ B7 V. Description of the Invention (彳) Background of the Invention 1 Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an EL (electroluminescence) formed by preparing an EL element on a substrate. ) Display (electro-optical device). More specifically, the present invention relates to an EL display using a semiconductor element (element using a semiconductor film). Furthermore, the present invention relates to an electronic device in which an EL display is used in a display portion. 2 · Explanation of related technologies The technology for forming T F T on a substrate has been widely improved in recent years, and the application and development of active matrix display devices have also improved significantly. In particular, T F T using a polycrystalline silicon film has a higher electric field effect mobility than a conventional amorphous silicon film, so this T F T can perform a higher speed operation. As a result, the pixel control performed by the driving circuit outside the substrate can be performed by a driving circuit formed on the same substrate as the pixels. This type of active matrix display device can obtain many advantages by preparing various circuits and components on the same substrate, such as reducing manufacturing costs, reducing the size of the display device, increasing yield, and high yield. Furthermore, the development of active matrix EL displays with EL devices as self-light emitting devices has also flourished. This EL display is regarded as an organic EL display (COELD) or an organic light emitting diode (0LED). Unlike a liquid crystal display device, the EL display is a self-emitting diode. The EL element is constituted by an EL layer sandwiched between a pair of electrodes. However, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back ^^ write this page) Binding · Binding · 591584 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _ __ B7 V. Description of the Invention (2) The EL layer generally has a laminated structure. Typically, a stacked structure of "positive hole transport layer / lighting layer / electron transport layer" proposed by Kodak"s Tann et al. Can be used. This structure has very high luminous efficiency, and this structure can be used in almost all modern EL displays. In addition, this structure can also be a positive hole injection layer / positive hole transmission layer / lighting layer / electron transmission layer or a positive hole injection layer / positive hole transmission layer / lighting layer / electron transmission on the pixel electrode The layers / electron injection layers are sequentially stacked. A phosphorescent dye may be doped into the lighting layer. In this specification, all layers provided between the electrode pairs are generally referred to as EL layers. As a result, the positive hole injection layer, the positive hole transport layer, the illumination layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer are all included in the EL layer. Then, a predetermined voltage is applied from the electrode pair to the EL layer having the above-mentioned structure, so that a recombination of carriers is generated in the lighting layer, and light is emitted. Incidentally, in this specification, the fact that the EL element emits light is that it is driven. In addition, in this specification, the anode, the light-emitting element formed with the EL layer, and the cathode are all regarded as the EL element. The problem in practical application of EL display is caused by the short life of EL components that are damaged by EL layers. Regarding factors that affect the lifetime of the EL layer, such as the structure of the device driving the EL display, the characteristics of the organic EL material constituting the EL layer, the material of the electrode, and the conditions in the manufacturing method. Then, in addition to the above-mentioned factors, in recent years, the factors that are considered to affect the life of the EL layer have been the method of driving the EL display. Conventionally, in order to emit light from EL components, DC power is generally used (please read the precautions on the back page first).

(請先閱讀背面之注意事項V 裝-- "r本頁) 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 圖素之照度設定爲1 〇 〇 %時，則在τ S 1和T s 2中 發光之圖素之例中，表示之照度爲7 5 %。而當選擇 T s 3，T s 5，和T s 8之例中，則呈現之照度爲1 6 % 〇 以此方式，習知E L顯示器以直流電流驅動，和應用 至E L層之E L驅動電壓始終具有相同極性。 但是，如在”TSUTSUI· T，Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2 VOL.37 , No. 1 IB，p. L 1406-L 1408，1 998，，所揭示，藉由 在每一週期應用具有與E L元件相反極性之E L驅動電壓 ，可改善E L元件之受破壞之電流-電壓特性。 但是，對於利用藉由在每一週期應用具有與E L元件 相反極性之E L驅動電壓以改善E L元件之受破壞之電流 -電壓特性之事實以驅動E L顯示器之方法，和對於使用 此驅動方法之E L顯示器，則迄今尙未提出具體方案。 因此，爲了延長E L元件之壽命，預期能有一方案在 藉由在每一週期應用具有與E L元件相反極性之E L驅動 電壓而驅動E L顯示器以提供一顯示之方法（以下在此說 明書中稱爲交流電流驅動），和使用此驅動方法之E L顯 示器之製造。特別的，預期能有以交流電流驅動而提供一 顯示之主動矩陣型E L顯示器之製造。 發明槪要 本發明在E L顯示器之驅動中，保持安裝在e L元件 中之第一電極在固定電位和保持第二電極在電源線之電位 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) -裝-(Please read the Precautions on the back of the V-installation-"r this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) When the illuminance of the pixel is set to 100%, In the example of a pixel that emits light in τ S 1 and T s 2, the illuminance indicated is 75%. When T s 3, T s 5, and T s 8 are selected, the illuminance is 16%. In this way, it is known that the EL display is driven by a direct current and the EL driving voltage applied to the EL layer. Always have the same polarity. However, as disclosed in "TSUTSUI · T, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2 VOL.37, No. 1 IB, p. L 1406-L 1408, 1 998,", by applying in each cycle An EL driving voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the EL element can improve the damaged current-voltage characteristics of the EL element. However, the use of an EL driving voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the EL element in each cycle improves the EL element. The fact that the current-voltage characteristics are damaged to drive the EL display, and no specific solution has been proposed so far for EL displays using this driving method. Therefore, in order to extend the life of the EL element, a solution is expected to be adopted A method of driving an EL display to provide a display by applying an EL driving voltage having an opposite polarity to the EL element in each cycle (hereinafter referred to as AC current driving in this specification), and the manufacture of an EL display using this driving method. Special It is expected to be able to manufacture an active matrix EL display that provides a display driven by AC current. Invention This invention is to ensure that the EL display is The first electrode installed in the e L element is at a fixed potential and the potential of the second electrode is maintained at the power line. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first to write this) Page) -pack-

、1T 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -11 - 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) (電源電位）。而後，對於每一具體週期，固定電壓固定 ，和電源電位之高度改變，因此，E L驅動電壓之極性， 其爲介於固定電位和電源電位間之差異，變成相反。例如 ，當固定電位設爲V τ，和電源電位設爲V D時，則在一 .確定週期中E L驅動電壓設爲V τ - V d = Δ V，而當固定 電位設爲V τ，和電源電位設爲V，時，則E L驅動電壓 設爲 V τ — V d’二—AV。 在以數位型式驅動電路之劃時灰階顯示中，E L驅動 電壓之極性對於每一框週期可改變爲相反，而E L驅動電 壓之極性對於每一副框週期亦可改變成相反。 在類比型式驅動電路之例中，對於每一框週期，E L 驅動電壓改變爲相反極性。 於此，因爲在藉由應用具有確定極性之E L驅動電壓 而使E L元件發光之例中，E L元件爲二極體，因此，在 應用具有相反極性之E L驅動電壓時，E L元件不發光。 以此構造，具有相反極性之E L驅動電壓對每一確定 週期應用至E L元件。結果，可改善對E L元件之電流-電壓特性之破壞，因此，相較於習知驅動方法，可延長 E L兀件之焉命。 再者，如上所述，在每一框週期顯示影像之例中，對 於觀看者之眼睛而言，閃爍之產生如同一閃光。 結果，在本發明中，較佳的是，E L顯示器以交流電 流驅動，其頻率爲在直流電流驅動中對於觀看者眼睛不產 生閃爍之頻率之兩倍或更高。換言之，在一秒中提供 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) 、τ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（10 ) 1 2 0或更多的框週期，和顯示6 述構造中，可防止由交流電流產生 再者，本發明之交流電流驅動 型EL顯示裝置，且亦可應用至被 以下說明本發明之構造 依照本發明，於此提供一種電 素，該圖素包括多數EL元件，其 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數 光之時間週期而提供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極 〇或更多的影像。在上 之閃爍。 不只可應用至主動矩陣 動型E L顯示裝置。 光學裝置，包含多數圖 特徵在於： E L·兀件在一框週期發 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁} -裝. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位；和 g亥第一電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至第一和第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一框週期 反向之方式改變。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該圖素包括多數E L元件，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在包括在一框 週期中之多數副框週期外發光之副框週期之長度總和而提 供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極 該第一電極保持在一固定電位 和第二電極； ;和 第二電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 線 用至第 第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一副框週 期反向之方式改變。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13- 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（Μ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該裝置包括多數E L元件，多數E L驅動T F T以控 制多數E L元件之發光，多數開關T F T以控制多數e L 驅動T F T之驅動，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在一框週期發 光之時間週期而提供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位；和 該第二電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至第一和第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一框週期 反向之方式改變。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該裝置包括多數E L元件，多數E L驅動T F T以控 制多數E L元件之發光，多數開關T F T以控制多數E L 驅動T F T之驅動，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在包括在一框 週期中之多數副框週期外發光之副框週期之長度總和而提 供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位；和 g亥弟一電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至％ —和第_電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一"副框週 期反向之方式改變。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（21 ΟΧ 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項 寫· 本頁) •裝· 訂 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12) 素，該圖素包括多數E L元件，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在一框週期發 光之時間週期而提供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位； 該第二電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至第一和第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一框週期 反向之方式改變，和 多數圖素之相鄰圖素共用一電源供應線以供應應用至 該第二電極之電壓。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該圖素包括多數E L元件，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在包括在一框 週期中之多數副框週期外發光之副框週期之長度總和而提 供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位； 該第二電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至第一和第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一副框週 期反向之方式改變，和 多數圖素之相鄰圖素共用一電源供應線以供應應用至 該第二電極之電壓。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該裝置包括多數E L元件，多數E L驅動T F T以控 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） •裝-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項^寫本頁) 訂 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 - 15- 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（13 ) 制多數E L元件之發光，多數開關τ F T以控制多數e L 驅動T F T之驅動，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在一框週期發 光之時間週期而提供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L兀件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位； 該第二電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至第一和第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一框週期 反向之方式改變，和 多數圖素之相鄰圖素共用一電源供應線以供應應用至 該第二電極之電壓。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該裝置包括多數E L元件，多數E L驅動T F 丁以控 制多數E L元件之發光，多數開關T F T以控制多數E L 驅動T F T之驅動，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由控制該多數E L元件在包括在一框 週期中之多數副框週期外發光之副框週期之長度總和而提 供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位； 該第二電極之電位以多數E L驅動電壓，其爲介於應 用至第一和第二電極間之電位差異，之極性對每一副框週 期反向之方式改變，和 多數圖素之相鄰圖素共用一電源供應線以供應應用至 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) " (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) 裝· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 591584 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（14) 該第二電極之電壓。 該E L·驅動T F T和該開關τ F T包含n通道型 TFT或ρ通道型TFT。 該多數E L元件之發光以輸入至開關τ f T之數位資 料訊號而控制。 該一框週期爲1 / 1 2 0秒或更小。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該裝置包括多數E L元件，多數E L驅動T F T以控 制多數E L元件之發光，多數開關τ F T以控制多數E L 驅動T F T之驅動，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由輸入一類比視頻訊號至該開關 T F T之源極區域而提供一灰階顯示； 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； 該第一電極保持在一固定電位；和 該第二電極藉由參考每一框週期應用至第一電極之電 壓而保持在具有相反極性之電壓。 依照本發明，於此提供一種電光學裝置，包含多數圖 素，該裝置包括多數E L元件，多數E L驅動T F T以控 制多數E L元件之發光，多數開關T F T以控制多數E L 驅動T F T之驅動，其特徵在於： 該電光學裝置藉由輸入一類比視頻訊號至該開關 Τ I1 T之源極區域而提供一*灰階顯不， 該多數E L元件包含第一電極和第二電極； s亥弟一*電極保持在一"固定電位， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） -17- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項^^?寫本頁) 裝· 訂 -線 591584 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（15) 該第二電極藉由參考每一框週期應用至第一電極之電 壓而保持在具有相反極性之電壓；和 多數圖素之相鄰圖素共用一電源供應線以供應應用至 該第二電極之電壓。 該E L驅動T F T和該開關T F T包含η通道型 TFT或ρ通道型TFT。 該一框週期爲1 / 1 2 0秒或更小。 該多數E L元件具有之E L層包含一低分子有機材料 或聚合物有機材料。 該低分子有機材料包括A 1 q 3 ( 8 -經基咱啉銘） 和T P D (三苯胺衍生物）。 該聚合物有機材料包括P P V (聚對位苯撐乙烯撐） ，P V K，或聚碳酸鹽。 於此提供一電腦，其特徵在於使用上述電光學裝置。 於此提供一視頻相機，其特徵在於使用上述電光學裝 置。 於此提供一 D V D播放器，其特徵在於使用上述電光 學裝置。 圖式簡單說明 在圖中： 圖1爲依照本發明之E L顯示器之構造圖； 圖2 A和2 B爲依照本發明之圖素部份之電路圖； 圖3爲依照本發明之以交流電流之數位型式驅動之時 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項\||!|寫本頁) 裝· 訂 線 本紙張尺度適用中.國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 591584 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ----- B7 __五、發明説明（16)間圖； 圖4爲依照本發明之以交流電流之類比型式驅動之時 間圖； 圖5爲依照本發明之以交流電流之數位型式驅動之時 間圖； 圖6 A和6 B爲依照本發明之e L顯示器之電路圖和 頂視圖， 圖7爲依照本發明之£1^顯示器之截面構造圖； 圖8 A至8 E爲E L顯示器之製造方法圖； 圖9 A至9 D爲E L顯示器之製造方法圖； 圖1 0A至1 〇D爲EL顯示器之製造方法圖； 圖1 1 A至1 1 C爲EL顯不器之製造方法圖； 圖1 2爲E L模組之外觀圖；圖1 3 A和1 3 B爲E L模組之外觀圖； 圖1 4A至1 4 E爲電器用品之具體例圖； 圖1 5爲E L顯示器之圖素部份之電路圖； 圖1 6爲以父流電流驅動之習知技藝之時間圖； 圖1 7 A和1 7 B爲依照本發明之E L顯示器之圖素 部份之電路圖； 圖1 8 A和1 8 B爲依照本發明之E L顯示器之圖素 部份之電路圖； 圖1 9 A和1 9 B爲依照本發明之E L顯示器之圖素 部份之電路圖； 圖2 Ο A和2 Ο B爲依照本發明之E L顯示器之圖素 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） _ 一 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項 本頁) -裝· 線 591584 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（17) 部份之電路圖；和 圖2 1爲依照本發明之E L顯示器之截面構造圖 主 1 要 5 5 5 5 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 1 〇 〇 〇 0 1 〇 元件 〇1 〇4 〇8 〇6 1 2 3 2 a 2 b 2 c 4 4 5 6 7 3 〇 對照表 開關T F T Ε L驅動Τ F Τ 電容 Ε L元件 圖素部份 源極訊號側驅動電路 閘極訊號側驅動電路 移位暫存器 閂鎖 閂鎖 劃時灰階資料訊號產生電路 圖素 開關T F T 閘極訊號線 源極訊號線 電容 E L驅動T F T 電源供應線 E L元件 圖素 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項\^?寫本頁) .裝·Printed by 1T Consumer Cooperatives, Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs -11-591584 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (9) (Power supply potential). Then, for each specific period, the fixed voltage is fixed and the height of the power supply potential changes. Therefore, the polarity of the EL driving voltage, which is the difference between the fixed potential and the power supply potential, becomes the opposite. For example, when the fixed potential is set to V τ and the power supply potential is set to VD, then the EL driving voltage is set to V τ-V d = Δ V in a certain period, and when the fixed potential is set to V τ and the power supply When the potential is set to V, the EL driving voltage is set to V τ-V d "-AV. In the gray-scale display of the digital type driving circuit, the polarity of the EL driving voltage can be changed to be opposite for each frame period, and the polarity of the EL driving voltage can be changed to be opposite for each sub-frame period. In the example of the analog type driving circuit, for each frame period, the E L driving voltage is changed to the opposite polarity. Here, since the EL element is a diode in the case where the EL element emits light by applying an EL driving voltage having a certain polarity, the EL element does not emit light when an EL driving voltage having an opposite polarity is applied. With this configuration, the EL driving voltage having the opposite polarity is applied to the EL element every certain period. As a result, the destruction of the current-voltage characteristics of the EL element can be improved, and therefore, the life of the EL element can be prolonged compared to the conventional driving method. Furthermore, as described above, in the example in which an image is displayed every frame period, the flicker is generated to the viewer"s eyes as the same flash. As a result, in the present invention, it is preferable that the EL display is driven by an AC current at a frequency which is twice or higher than a frequency at which no flicker is generated for the viewer"s eyes in the DC current driving. In other words, the paper size provided in one second applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)-(Please read the precautions on the back and write this page first), τ Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau"s Consumer Cooperatives 591584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) 1 2 0 or more frame periods, and display 6 structure can prevent the generation of AC current. Furthermore, the AC current-driven EL display device of the present invention can also be used. The structure applied to the present invention will be described below. According to the present invention, a pixel is provided. The pixel includes a plurality of EL elements, and the electro-optical device provides a grayscale display by controlling the time period of the majority light. Most EL elements contain images of the first electrode 0 or more. Flashing on. It can be applied not only to active matrix dynamic EL display devices. The optical device, including most of the figures, is characterized by: EL elements are issued periodically in a box (please read the precautions on the back to write this page)-installed. Printed by the consumer property cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the second electrode; An electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; and the potential of the first electrode is the majority of the EL driving voltage, which is the difference between the potentials applied to the first and second electrodes, and the polarity is reversed for each frame period. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including a plurality of pixels, the pixel including a plurality of EL elements, which is characterized in that: the electro-optical device controls the number of EL elements included in a frame period by The sum of the lengths of the sub-frame periods that emit light outside the majority of the sub-frame periods provides a grayscale display; the majority of the EL elements include a first electrode, the first electrode held at a fixed potential and a second electrode; and the potential of the second electrode is Most EL driving voltages are potential differences between the application line and the second electrode, and the polarity of each EL frame is reversed in a manner that reverses each cycle of the sub frame. National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -13- 591584 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (M printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs according to the present invention, here is provided an electro-optical device containing most pixels The device includes a plurality of EL elements, a plurality of EL driving TFTs to control the light emission of the plurality of EL elements, and a plurality of switching TFTs to control the driving of the plurality of EL driving TFTs, which are characterized in that the electro-optical device controls the plurality of EL elements in a The frame emits light in a time period to provide a grayscale display; the majority of the EL elements include a first electrode and a second electrode; the first electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; and the potential of the second electrode is a majority of the EL driving voltage, which In order to achieve a potential difference between the first and second electrodes, the polarity is changed in a reverse manner for each frame period. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including a plurality of pixels, and the device includes a plurality of pixels. EL element, most EL driving TFTs control the light emission of most EL elements, most switching TFTs control the driving of most EL driving TFTs, which The feature is that the electro-optical device provides a grayscale display by controlling the sum of the lengths of the sub-frame periods in which the majority of the EL elements emit light outside the majority of the sub-frame periods included in a frame period; the majority of the EL elements include a first electrode And the second electrode; the first electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; and the potential of the g-electrode-electrode is the majority of the EL driving voltage, which is the difference between the potential applied to the% and the _ electrode, and the polarity of each One"s sub-frame cycle changes in a reversed manner. According to the present invention, an electro-optical device is provided, which contains most of the drawings. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 〇 × 297 mm) (Please read the back first Precautions written on this page) • Binding and binding 591584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) The pixel includes most EL elements, which is characterized by: The electro-optical device controls the majority of EL elements in a frame Provides a gray-scale display during the time period of periodic light emission; the majority of EL elements include a first electrode and a second electrode; the first electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; the potential of the second electrode is Most EL driving voltages are potential differences between the first and second electrodes. The polarity of each EL driving voltage changes in the opposite direction of each frame period. A common power supply line is shared with the neighboring pixels of most pixels. A voltage applied to the second electrode is supplied. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including a plurality of pixels, the pixel including a plurality of EL elements, which is characterized in that: the electro-optical device controls a plurality of EL elements included in a frame period by controlling the majority of the EL elements. The sum of the lengths of the sub-frame periods that emit light outside the frame period provides a gray-scale display; the majority of EL elements include a first electrode and a second electrode; the first electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; the potential of the second electrode is majority EL The driving voltage is a potential difference between the first and second electrodes. The polarity of the driving voltage changes in the reverse direction of each sub-frame cycle. It shares a power supply line with the neighboring pixels of most pixels to supply. The voltage applied to the second electrode. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including most pixels. The device includes most EL elements. Most EL drive TFTs to control the paper size. Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). -(Please read the precautions on the back ^ write this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-15- 591584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13) The majority of the EL elements emit light, and most switches τ FT In order to control the driving of the majority of e L driving TFTs, the electro-optical device provides a gray-scale display by controlling the time period during which the plurality of EL elements emit light in a frame period; the plurality of EL elements include a first electrode and The second electrode; the first electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; the potential of the second electrode is the majority of the EL driving voltage, which is the difference between the potentials applied to the first and second electrodes, and the polarity is for each frame period The method is reversed, and a common power supply line is shared with neighboring pixels of most pixels to supply the voltage applied to the second electrode. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including a plurality of pixels. The device includes a plurality of EL elements. Most EL drives TF to control the light emission of most EL elements. Most switching TFTs control the driving of most EL driving TFTs. It is characterized in that: the electro-optical device provides a gray-scale display by controlling the sum of the lengths of the sub-frame periods in which the plurality of EL elements emit light outside the majority of the sub-frame periods included in a frame period; the plurality of EL elements include a first electrode And the second electrode; the first electrode is maintained at a fixed potential; the potential of the second electrode is the majority of the EL driving voltage, which is the difference between the potentials applied to the first and second electrodes; The frame cycle is changed in the reverse direction, and a common power supply line is shared with the neighboring pixels of most pixels to supply the paper to the Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) " (Please read the back first (Notes for writing this page) Decoration · Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 591584 A7 B7 Printed by the Employees’ Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the Invention (14) the voltage of the second electrodes. The EL driving T F T and the switch τ F T include an n-channel TFT or a p-channel TFT. The light emission of the plurality of EL elements is controlled by a digital data signal input to the switch? FT. The frame period is 1/120 seconds or less. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including a plurality of pixels. The device includes a plurality of EL elements. The plurality of EL driving TFTs control the light emission of the plurality of EL elements. The plurality of switches τ FT control the driving of the plurality of EL driving TFTs. It is characterized in that: the electro-optical device provides a grayscale display by inputting an analog video signal to the source region of the switching TFT; the majority of EL elements include a first electrode and a second electrode; the first electrode is held at a fixed position Potential; and the second electrode is maintained at a voltage of opposite polarity by referring to the voltage applied to the first electrode every frame period. According to the present invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including a plurality of pixels. The device includes a plurality of EL elements, a plurality of EL driving TFTs to control the light emission of the plurality of EL elements, and a plurality of switching TFTs to control the driving of the plurality of EL driving TFTs. The reason is that the electro-optical device provides a * gray-scale display by inputting an analog video signal to the source region of the switch T I1 T. The majority of EL elements include a first electrode and a second electrode; The electrode is maintained at a fixed potential. The paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -17- (Please read the precautions on the back first ^^? Write this page) Binding-line 591584 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (15) The second electrode is maintained at a voltage of opposite polarity by referring to the voltage applied to the first electrode in each frame cycle; and most of the pixels Adjacent pixels share a power supply line to supply a voltage applied to the second electrode. The EL driving T F T and the switch T F T include an n-channel TFT or a p-channel TFT. The frame period is 1/120 seconds or less. The EL layer of most EL devices includes a low-molecular organic material or a polymer organic material. The low-molecular-weight organic materials include A 1 q 3 (8-quinoxaline) and T P D (triphenylamine derivative). The polymer organic material includes P P V (polyparaphenylene vinylene), P V K, or polycarbonate. A computer is provided, which is characterized by using the above-mentioned electro-optical device. A video camera is provided, which is characterized by using the above-mentioned electro-optical device. Here is provided a D V D player, which is characterized by using the above electro-optical device. The drawings are briefly explained in the drawings: Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an EL display according to the present invention; Figs. 2 A and 2 B are circuit diagrams of a pixel portion according to the present invention; Fig. 3 is an AC current according to the present invention. When digital type drive (Please read the notes on the back first \ ||! | Write this page) Binding and binding The paper size is applicable. National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 591584 A7 Wisdom of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumers" Cooperative of the Property Bureau ----- B7 __V. Description of the invention (16) Figures; Figure 4 is a time chart of the analog current driving method according to the present invention; Figure 5 is a time chart of driving according to the present invention; Timing diagram of driving with digital type of AC current; Figures 6 A and 6 B are circuit diagrams and top views of an e L display according to the present invention, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional structure view of a £ 1 ^ display according to the present invention; Figure 8 A 8E is a manufacturing method diagram of an EL display; Figures 9 A to 9D are manufacturing method diagrams of an EL display; Figures 10A to 10D are manufacturing method diagrams of an EL display; Figures 1 1 to 1 1 C are EL Display manufacturing method diagram; Figure 1 2 is the appearance of the EL module; Figure 1 3 A and 1 3 B is the external view of the EL module; Figures 1 4A to 1 4 E are specific examples of electrical appliances; Figure 15 is the circuit diagram of the pixel portion of the EL display; Figure 16 is the practice of driving with parent current Time chart of the know-how; Figures 17A and 17B are circuit diagrams of the pixel portion of the EL display according to the present invention; Figures 18A and 18B are the circuit diagrams of the pixel portion of the EL display according to the present invention Circuit diagrams; Figures 1 A and 19 B are circuit diagrams of the pixel portion of the EL display according to the present invention; Figures 2 OA and 2 0 B are pixels of the EL display according to the present invention. The paper dimensions are applicable to Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) _ I (Please read the precautions on the back page first)-Assembly · Line 591584 A7 B7 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Employees Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Section (17) of the invention description Circuit diagram; and FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of an EL display according to the present invention. The main part is 5 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 8 0 6 1 2 3 2 a 2 b 2 c 4 4 5 6 7 3 〇 Cross-reference table TFT ΕL drives TF F Τ capacitor Ε pixel unit Source signal side driver circuit Gate signal side driver circuit shift register latch latch latch gray level data signal generation circuit pixel switch TFT gate signal line source signal line capacitor EL drive TFT power supply line EL element diagram (Please read the precautions on the back first \ ^? Write this page).

、1T -線 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（26 ) 2 4 〇 1 主 體 2 4 〇 2 記 錄 媒 體 2 4 〇 3 操 作 開 關 2 0 〇 4 E L 顯 示 裝 置 2 4 0 5 E L 顯 示 板 2 5 〇 1 主 體 2 5 〇 2 相 機 2 5 〇 3 影 像 接 收 部 份 2 5 〇 4 操 作 開 關 2 5 〇 5 E L 顯 示 器 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項v 裝-- 本頁) 訂 較佳實施例之詳細說明 以下使用提供數位驅動型式劃時灰階顯示之E L顯示 器之例說明本發明之構造。圖1爲依照本發明之電路構造 之例。 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖1之E L顯示器具有一以T F T形成之圖素部份 1 0 1在一基底上，一源極訊號側驅動電路1 0 2安排在 圖素部份1 0 1之周邊，和一閘極訊號側驅動電路1〇3 。在此實施例中，E L顯示器分別具有源極訊號側驅動電 路和閘極訊號側驅動電路。但是，在本發明中，源極訊號 側驅動電路可爲兩個。再者，閘極訊號側驅動電路亦可爲 兩個。 源極訊號側驅動電路1 0 2基本上包括一移位暫存器 1〇2 a，--閂鎖（A ) 1〇2 b，和一閂鎖（B ) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -29- 591584 A7 _____ B7 五、發明説明（27 ) 1 〇 2 C。再者，一時鐘訊號（C κ )和一啓始脈衝（ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項本頁) s P )輸入至移位暫存器1 〇 2 a。數位資料訊號輸入至 閂鎖（A ) 1 〇 2 b。閂鎖訊號輸入至閂鎖（B ) 1 〇 2 c ° 再者，雖然未顯示，閘極訊號側驅動電路1 0 3具有 一移位暫存器和一緩衝器。一多工器可提供在緩衝器之輸 出側。 輸入至圖素部份1 〇 1之數位資料訊號形成在劃時灰 階資料訊號產生電路1 1 4上。在此電路中，包含類比訊 號和數位資料訊號之視頻訊號（包括影像資訊之訊號）轉 換成數位資料訊號以提供劃時灰階顯示，且同時，爲一電 路以產生一需用於提供劃時灰階顯示之時間脈衝。 典型的，劃時灰階資料訊號產生電路1 1 4包括一機 構以分割一框週期爲多數對應於η位元（η爲等於或大於 2之整數）之灰階之副框週期，一機構以在多數副框週期 中選擇位址週期和維持週期，和一機構以設定維持週期之 長度爲 Tsl:Ts2:Ts3:…：Ts(n — 1): 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 T s ( η ) = 2 0 : 2 — 1 : 2 一 2 :…：2 - c 11 - 2 )： 2 - " - i ) 0 此時，依照本發明，劃時灰階資料訊號產生電路 1 1 4亦可提供在E L顯示器之外側部份上。在此一例中 ，依照本發明，此電路之構成乃是所形成之數位資料訊號 輸入至E L顯示器。在此例中，依照本發明，具有E l顯 示器當成顯示器之電子裝置（E L顯示裝置）包括本發明 $紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（ CNS ) A4規格（210 X297公釐) ~~ " -- 591584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（28 ) 之E L顯示器和當成分離部份之劃時灰階資料訊號產生電 路。 再者，劃時灰階資料訊號產生電路1 1 4亦可封裝在 依照本發明之E L顯示器中，以I C晶片等之型式。在此 .例中，電路之構成爲形成在I C晶片上之數位資料訊號輸 入至依照本發明之E L顯示器。在此例中，具有E L顯示 器當成在本發明中之顯示器之電子裝置包括封裝包括有劃 時灰階資料訊號產生電路當成一元件之I C晶片之E L顯 示器。 再者，最後，劃時灰階資料訊號產生電路1 1 4亦可 以T F T形成，且和圖素部份1 〇 1，源極訊號側驅動電 路1 0 2，和閘極訊號側驅動電路1 〇 3形成在相同基底 上。在此例中，當包括影像資訊之視頻訊號輸入至E L顯 不窃時，視頻訊號皆可在基底上處理。在此例中，劃時灰 階資料訊號產生電路亦可以T F T形成，其中多晶矽膜當 成主動層。再者，在此例中，具有E L顯示器當成顯示器 之電子裝置爲劃時灰階資料訊號產生電路安裝在E L顯示 器本身中，藉以使電子裝置縮小化。 在圖素部份1 0 1上，多數圖素1 〇 4以矩陣狀態安 排。圖2A爲圖素1 〇 4之擴大圖。在圖2A中，參考數 字1 0 5表示一開關TFT。開關TFT 1 〇 5之閘電極 連接至閘極訊號線1 0 6以輸入閘極訊號。開關 T F T 1 〇 5之源極區域和汲極區域乃構成使源極區域或 汲極區域之一連接至源極訊號線1 〇 7以輸入數位資料訊 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項 --裝-- 本育) -線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -31 - 591584 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（29 ) 號，而另一則連接至一電容1 1 3，其爲E L驅動 T F T 1 〇 8之閘電極和每一圖素所分別具有者。 此外，E L驅動T F T 1 0 8之源極區域和汲極區域 之一連接至電源線1 1 1，而另一連接至E L元件1 1〇 。電源線1 1 1連接至電容1 1 3。當開關T F T 1〇5 在非選擇模式（關閉狀態）時，電容1 1 3提供以保持 " E L驅動T F T 1 〇 8之閘極電壓。 E L元件1 1 〇包含一陽極和一陰極，和提供在陽極 和陰極間之E L層。在陽極連接至E L驅動T F T 1 1 0 之源極區域和汲極區域之一之例中，陽極爲圖素電極，而 陰極爲相反電極。相反的，在陰極連接至E L驅動 T F T 1 1 0之源極區域和汲極區域之一之例中，陰極爲 圖素電極，而陽極爲相反電極。 電源線1 1 1連接至電源電位。在此實施例中，電源 電位始終保持在一固定電位。 亦可提供一電阻在E L驅動T F T 1 0 8之源極區域 和汲極區域之一和E L元件1 1 〇間。藉由提供此一電阻 ，可控制從E L驅動T F T至E L元件之電流供應量，藉 以防止E L驅動T F T 1 〇 8之特性之不一致之影響。由 於電阻可爲展現比E L驅動T F T之啓動電阻之電阻値更 充分大之電阻之元件，因此，其構造並無任何限制。啓動 電阻之電阻値爲將T F T之汲極電壓除以當T F T啓動時 所流動之汲極電流而獲得之値。電阻之電阻値可選自 lkn至5 ΟΜΩ之範圍（較佳的爲1 〇 kQ至1 ΟΜΩ， (請先閲讀背面之注意事項馬本頁) -裝-1T-line 591584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (26) 2 4 〇1 main body 2 4 〇2 recording medium 2 4 〇3 operation switch 2 0 〇4 EL display device 2 4 0 5 EL display panel 2 5 〇1 main body 2 5 〇2 Camera 2 5 〇3 Image receiving part 2 5 〇4 Operation switch 2 5 〇5 EL display (Please read the precautions on the back first v Installation-this page) Order the detailed description of the preferred embodiment The following uses An example of an EL display that provides a digitally-driven time-lapse grayscale display illustrates the structure of the present invention. Fig. 1 is an example of a circuit configuration according to the present invention. The EL display printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Line Economy has a pixel portion formed by a TFT 1 0 1 on a substrate, and a source signal side driving circuit 102 is arranged in the pixel portion. The periphery of 101 and a gate signal-side driving circuit 103. In this embodiment, the EL display has a source signal-side driving circuit and a gate signal-side driving circuit, respectively. However, in the present invention, there may be two source signal-side driving circuits. In addition, the gate signal side driving circuit may be two. The source signal-side driving circuit 102 basically includes a shift register 102a, a latch (A) 102b, and a latch (B). This paper standard applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -29- 591584 A7 _____ B7 V. Description of the invention (27) 1 〇2 C. Furthermore, a clock signal (C κ) and a start pulse ((please read the Caution page on the back) s P) are input to the shift register 1 02 a. The digital data signal is input to the latch (A) 1 〇 2 b. The latch signal is input to the latch (B) 1 〇 2 c ° Furthermore, although not shown, the gate signal-side driving circuit 103 has a shift register and a buffer. A multiplexer can be provided on the output side of the buffer. The digital data signal input to the pixel portion 101 is formed on the time-scale gray-scale data signal generating circuit 1 1 4. In this circuit, video signals (including image information signals) containing analog signals and digital data signals are converted into digital data signals to provide time-lapse grayscale display, and at the same time, a circuit is generated to generate a time-lapse signal for providing time-lapse Gray-scale time pulse. Typically, the time-scale gray-scale data signal generating circuit 1 1 4 includes a mechanism that divides a frame period into a plurality of sub-frame periods corresponding to gray levels corresponding to n bits (η is an integer equal to or greater than 2). The address period and the maintenance period are selected in most of the sub-frame periods, and an organization sets the length of the maintenance period as Tsl: Ts2: Ts3: ...: Ts (n — 1): printed by T s (η) = 2 0: 2 — 1: 2-2:…: 2-c 11-2): 2-"-i) 0 At this time, according to the present invention, a time-scale gray-scale data signal generating circuit 1 1 4 can also be provided on the outer part of the EL display. In this example, according to the present invention, the circuit is constituted by the formed digital data signal input to the EL display. In this example, according to the present invention, an electronic device (EL display device) having an El display as a display includes the present invention. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X297 mm) ~~ "-591584 A7 B7 V. EL display of invention description (28) and gray scale data signal generation circuit when it is divided into separate parts. Furthermore, the time-graded gray-scale data signal generating circuit 1 1 4 can also be packaged in an EL display according to the present invention in the form of an IC chip or the like. In this example, the circuit is configured such that a digital data signal formed on an IC chip is input to an EL display according to the present invention. In this example, an electronic device having an EL display as a display in the present invention includes an EL display that packages an IC chip including a time-graded gray-scale data signal generating circuit as a component. Furthermore, in the end, the time-scale gray-scale data signal generating circuit 1 1 4 can also be formed by a TFT, and the pixel portion 1 0 1, the source signal-side driving circuit 102, and the gate signal-side driving circuit 1 〇 3 is formed on the same substrate. In this example, when the video signal including the image information is input to the EL display, the video signal can be processed on the substrate. In this example, the time-graded gray-scale data signal generating circuit can also be formed by T F T, in which the polycrystalline silicon film serves as an active layer. Furthermore, in this example, the electronic device having the EL display as the display is a time-graded gray-scale data signal generating circuit installed in the EL display itself, thereby reducing the size of the electronic device. On the pixel part 101, most pixels 104 are arranged in a matrix state. FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the pixel 104. FIG. In Fig. 2A, reference numeral 105 indicates a switching TFT. The gate electrode of the switching TFT 105 is connected to the gate signal line 106 to input the gate signal. The source region and the drain region of the switching TFT 105 are formed so that one of the source region or the drain region is connected to the source signal line 1 07 to input digital data. The paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specifications (210 × 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back-equipment-this education)-Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-31-591584 A7 B7 V. Invention Description No. (29), and the other is connected to a capacitor 1 1 3, which is a gate electrode of the EL driving TFT 108 and each pixel has one. In addition, one of the source region and the drain region of the EL driving T F T 108 is connected to the power line 1 1 1 and the other is connected to the EL element 1 110. The power line 1 1 1 is connected to the capacitor 1 1 3. When the switch T F T 105 is in the non-selection mode (closed state), the capacitor 1 1 3 is provided to maintain the gate voltage at which the EL drives T F T 108. The EL element 110 includes an anode and a cathode, and an EL layer provided between the anode and the cathode. In the example where the anode is connected to one of the source region and the drain region of the EL drive T F T 1 10, the anode is a pixel electrode and the cathode is an opposite electrode. In contrast, in the case where the cathode is connected to one of the source region and the drain region of the EL driving T F T 1 10, the cathode is a pixel electrode and the anode is an opposite electrode. The power cord 1 1 1 is connected to a power supply potential. In this embodiment, the power supply potential is always maintained at a fixed potential. A resistor may also be provided between one of the source region and the drain region of the EL driving T F T 108, and the EL element 110. By providing such a resistor, it is possible to control the amount of current supplied from the EL drive T F T to the EL element, thereby preventing the influence of the inconsistent characteristics of the EL drive T F T 108. Since the resistor can be a device exhibiting a sufficiently larger resistance than the resistance of the starting resistance of the EL driving T F T, there is no restriction on its structure. The resistance of the start-up resistor 値 is obtained by dividing the drain voltage of T F T by the drain current flowing when T F T starts. The resistance of the resistor 选自 can be selected from the range of lkn to 50 Ω (preferably 10 Ω to 100 Ω, (please read the precautions on the back page first)

、1T 線 -36- 591584 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（34 ) ，表示之照度爲75 %。而當選擇Ts3，Ts5，和 T s 8之例中，則呈現之照度爲1 6 % ° 當一框週期完成時，在固定電位上之高度改變，因此 ，在電源電壓和啓動固定電壓間之差異之啓動E L電壓之 極性在次一框週期變成互相相反。而後，以和先前框週期 相同的方式，進行操作。但是，在框週期中之啓動E L驅 動電壓具有和在先前框週期中之啓動E L驅動電壓相反的 極性，因此，所有的E L元件不發光。在本說明書中， E L元件顯示影像之框週期視爲顯示框週期。此外，相反 的，所有E L元件不發光且影像不顯示之框週期視爲非顯 示框週期。 當完成非顯示框週期時，開始次一顯示框週期。而後 ，啓動E L驅動電壓改變成與在非顯示框週期中之啓動 E L驅動電壓相反極性之電壓。 以此方式，影像藉由交替重複顯示框週期和非顯示框 週期而顯示。本發明具有上述之構造，因此，具有相反極 性之E L驅動電壓乃在每一確定週期應用至安裝在E l元 件之E L層。因此，可改善對E L元件之電流一電壓特性 之破壞，而結果是，相較於習知驅動方法，可延長E L元 件之壽命。 再者，如上所述，在影像以交流電流驅動在每一框週 期中顯不之例中，對觀看者之眼睛而言會產生閃爍。 因此，依照本發明，E L顯示器以交流電流驅動，其 頻率爲在直流電流驅動中對於觀看者眼睛不產生_燦之頻 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) -裝·Line 1T -36- 591584 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (34), the illumination is 75%. When Ts3, Ts5, and T s 8 are selected, the illuminance is 16% ° When a frame period is completed, the height at a fixed potential changes. Therefore, between the power supply voltage and the starting fixed voltage The polarities of the difference start EL voltages become opposite to each other in the next frame period. Then, proceed in the same way as the previous frame cycle. However, the startup EL driving voltage in the frame period has the opposite polarity to the startup EL driving voltage in the previous frame period, and therefore, all EL elements do not emit light. In this specification, the frame period in which an EL element displays an image is regarded as the display frame period. In addition, on the contrary, the frame period in which all EL elements do not emit light and the image is not displayed is regarded as a non-display frame period. When the non-display frame period is completed, the next display frame period is started. Then, the starting EL driving voltage is changed to a voltage having an opposite polarity to the starting EL driving voltage during the non-display frame period. In this way, the image is displayed by repeating the display frame period and the non-display frame period alternately. The present invention has the above-mentioned structure. Therefore, the EL driving voltage having the opposite polarity is applied to the EL layer mounted on the EL element every certain period. Therefore, the destruction of the current-voltage characteristics of the EL element can be improved, and as a result, the life of the EL element can be extended compared to the conventional driving method. Furthermore, as described above, in the case where an image is driven by an alternating current in each frame period, flicker may occur to the eyes of a viewer. Therefore, according to the present invention, the EL display is driven by AC current, and its frequency is not generated for the viewer"s eyes in DC current driving. (Read the notes on the back first and write this page)

訂· 车 591584 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（37 ) 位。在以交流電流驅動之類比型式之例中，關閉電源電位 之高度與在E L元件不發光之範疇內之固定電位有相同的 高度。此時之E L驅動電壓視爲關閉E L驅動電壓。理想 的是，所需的關閉E L驅動電壓爲〇 V，但是此電壓亦可 .爲不使E L元件1 5 0 6發光之級數。 在第一線週期（L 1 )中，一類比視頻訊號依序輸入 至源極訊號線（S 1至S η )。在第一線週期（L 1 )中 ，閘極訊號輸入至閘極訊號線G 1。結果，因爲開關 T F Τ在啓動狀態，輸入至源極訊號線S 1之類比視頻訊 號乃經由開關T F Τ ( 1， 1 )輸入至E L驅動T F Τ ( 1， 1 )之閘電極。 而後，電源線V 1之電位從關閉電源電位改變至飽和 電源電位。在此說明書中，飽和電源電位視爲與固定電位 間具有足以使E L元件在類比驅動中發光之程度之差異電 位之電位。 在E L驅動T F Τ通道形成區域中流動之電流量根據 輸入至閘電極之類比視頻訊號之大小而控制。在類比驅動 之例中，類比視頻訊號輸入至E L驅動T F Τ之閘電極。 當源極區域或汲極區域之一保持在飽和電源電位時，另一 電位設定在啓動電源電位。此時之E L驅動電壓視爲啓動 E L驅動電壓。 根據應用至E L驅動T F Τ ( 1， 1 )之閘電極之類 比視頻訊號，大小受控制之啓動E L驅動電壓乃應用至 E L元件。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項ν •裝-- ^本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -40- 591584 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _______ B7五、發明説明（38 ) 其次，以相同方式，類比視頻訊號輸入至源極訊號線 s 2，和開關T F T啓動。結果，輸入至源極訊號線S 2 之類比視頻訊號乃經由開關T F T ( 2 , 1 )輸入至E L 驅動T F T ( 2， 1 )之閘電極。 因此，E L驅動T F T ( 2， 1 )啓動。而後，電源 線V 2之電位從關閉電源電位改變至飽和電源電位。結果 根據應用至E L驅動T F T ( 2， 1 )之閘電極之類比視 頻訊號，大小受控制之啓動E L驅動電壓乃應用至E L元 件。 當重複上述操作，且完成類比視頻訊號輸入至源極訊 號線（S 1至S η )時，可完成第一線週期（L 1 )。而 後，開始第二線週期（L 2 )，因此，閘極訊號輸入至閘 極訊號線G 2。而後，以和第一線週期（L 1 )相同的方 式，類比視頻訊號依序輸入至源極訊號線（S 1至S η ) 〇 類比視頻訊號線輸入至源極訊號線S 1。由於開關 τ F Τ ( 1，2 )啓動，輸入至源極訊號線s 1之類比視 頻訊號乃經由開關T F Τ ( 1， 2 )輸入至E L驅動 T F Τ ( 1 , 2 )之閘電極。 因此，E L驅動T F Τ ( 1，2 )啓動。而後，電源 線V 1之電位從關閉電源電位改變至飽和電源電位。因此 ，根據應用至E L驅動T F Τ ( 1， 2 )之閘電極之類比 視頻訊號，大小受控制之啓動E L驅動電壓乃應用至E L 元件。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項 本頁) -裝· 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -41 - 591584 Α7 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（39) 當重複上述操作，且完成類比視頻訊號輸入至源極訊 號線（S 1至S η )時，可完成第二線週期（L 2 )。而 後，開始第三線週期（L 3 )，因此，閘極訊號輸入至閘 極訊號線G 3。而後，閘極訊號依序輸入至閘極訊號線（ .G 1至G η )，以完成一框週期。 當完成此框週期時，在次一框週期中改變飽和電源電 壓，以改變啓動電源電位。而後，啓動E L驅動電壓改變 爲具有相反極性之電壓。而後，以和先前框週期相同的方 式，進行上述之操作。但是，在此框週期中之啓動E L驅 動電壓具有和在先前框週期中之啓動E L驅動電壓相反的 極性。結果，具有和在先前框週期中之啓動E L驅動電壓 相反的極性之啓動E L驅動電壓乃應用至所有E L元件， 而結果是E L元件不發光。在此說明書中，E L元件顯示 影像之框週期視爲一顯示框週期，而相反的，E L元件不 發光且影像不顯示之框週期視爲非顯示框週期。 當完成非顯示框週期時，下一步驟開始次一顯示框週 期。而後，E L驅動電壓改變成與在非顯示框週期中之 E L驅動電壓相反極性之電壓。 以此方式，影像藉由交替重複顯示框週期和非顯示框 週期而顯示。本發明具有上述之構造，因此，具有相反極 性之啓動E L驅動電壓乃在每一確定週期應用至E L元件 。因此，可改善對E L元件之電流-電壓特性之破壞，而 結果是，相較於習知驅動方法，可延長E L元件之壽命。 再者，在此實施例中，所說明的是顯示裝置以非交錯 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項 --裝-- 本胃) 、1Τ 線