tft lcd amazo made in china

Foxconn said yesterday that it’s investigating its factory in southern China that makes Amazon Echo Dot and Kindle devices after a US labor watchdog reported finding poor working conditions on site that violate Chinese law, as spotted by Reuters.

A report from the New York-based China Labor Watch found that the Hengyang Foxconn plant in Hunan province, which primarily makes devices for Amazon, relies on temporary workers with a high turnover rate, pays them far less than the local average, and puts them on long, unpaid vacations, which forces many of them to resign to find paying work.

It’s also not the first time Amazon has come under fire for its poor labor practices. In April, an anonymous survey confirmed the findings of British investigative reporter James Bloodworth, who wrote that workers were skipping bathroom breaks and peeing in bottles to keep up production levels. At this Foxconn factory, workers similarly face barriers to go to the bathroom during work hours. They have to report a bathroom break to the line technicians and also watch out for working too slowly.

We’ve reached out to Amazon for comment. Amazon responded to the report in a letter to China Labor Watch, stating, “Amazon takes reported violations of our Supplier Code of Conduct extremely seriously...which states suppliers must provide workers a safe and healthy work environment, working hours must not exceed the maximum amount permitted by law, and suppliers must pay their workers in a timely manner and provide compensation (including overtime pay and benefits) that, at a minimum, comply with applicable laws.”

This article is about Amazon"s E Ink e-readers. For the LCD Fire line of tablets that formerly had "Kindle" as a prefix in their names, see Amazon Fire tablet.

Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines and other digital media via wireless networking to the Kindle Store.Lab126 developed, began as a single device in 2007. Currently, it comprises a range of devices, including e-readers with E Ink electronic paper displays and Kindle applications on all major computing platforms. All Kindle devices integrate with Windows and macOS file systems and Kindle Store content and, as of March 2018, the store had over six million e-books available in the United States.

In 2004, Amazon founder and CEO Jeff Bezos instructed the company"s employees to build the world"s best e-reader before Amazon"s competitors could. Amazon originally used the codename Fiona for the device.

Amazon has also introduced Kindle apps for use on various devices and platforms, including Windows, macOS, Android, iOS, BlackBerry 10 and Windows Phone.cloud reader to allow users to read e-books using modern web browsers.

The device featured a six-inch (diagonal) four-level grayscale E Ink display, with 250 MB of internal storage, which can hold approximately 200 non-illustrated titles.Sprint Corporation US-wide EVDO 3G data network, via a dedicated connection protocol which Amazon called Whispernet.

On February 10, 2009, Amazon announced the Kindle 2, the second-generation Kindle.Freescale 532 MHz, ARM-11 90 nm processor, 32 MB main memory, 2 GB flash memory and a 3.7 V 1,530 mAh lithium polymer battery.

On October 7, 2009, Amazon announced an international version of the Kindle 2 with the ability to download e-books wirelessly. This version released in over 100 countries. It became available on October 19, 2009. The international Kindle 2 is physically the same as the U.S.-only Kindle 2, although it uses a different mobile network standard.

Amazon launched the Kindle DX on May 6, 2009. This device has the largest Kindle screen at 9.7 inches and supports displaying PDF files. It was marketed as more suitable for displaying newspaper and textbook content,accelerometer that enables users to rotate pages between landscape and portrait orientations when the Kindle DX is turned on its side.

On July 1, 2010, Amazon released the Kindle DX Graphite (DXG) globally. The DXG has an E Ink display with 50% better contrast ratio due to using E Ink Pearl technology and comes only in a graphite case color. It is speculated the case color change is to improve contrast ratio perception further, as some users found the prior white casing highlighted that the E Ink background is light gray and not white. Like the Kindle DX, it does not have a Wi-Fi connection.

Amazon withdrew the Kindle DX from sale in October 2012, but in September 2013 made it available again for a few months. Using 3G data is free when accessing the Kindle Store and Wikipedia. Downloading personal documents via 3G data costs about $1 per megabyte. Its battery life is about one week with 3G on and two weeks with 3G off. Text-to-Speech and MP3 playback are supported.

The Kindle Keyboard was available in two versions. One of these, the Kindle Wi-Fi, was initially priced at $139 and connects to the Internet via Wi-Fi networks.3G, was priced at $189 and includes both 3G and Wi-Fi connectivity.cell phones use, allowing it to download and purchase content from any location with cell service.E Ink "Pearl" display, which has a higher contrast than prior displays and a faster refresh rate than prior e-ink displays. However, it remains significantly slower than traditional LCDs.AT&T, the price of the Kindle 3G with ads would be $139, $50 less than the Kindle 3G without ads.

The fourth-generation Kindle and the Kindle Touch were announced on September 28, 2011. They retain the 6-inch, 167-PPI e-ink display of the 2010 Kindle model, with the addition of an infrared touch-screen control on the Touch. They also include Amazon"s experimental web-browsing capability with Wi-Fi.Kindle Fire, a tablet computer including a Kindle app; in September 2014, Kindle was dropped from the Amazon Fire"s name.

Amazon introduced two versions of touchscreen Kindles: the Kindle Touch, available with Wi-Fi (initially $99 ad-supported, $139 no ads), and the Kindle Touch 3G, with Wi-Fi/3G connectivity (initially $149 ad-supported, $189 no ads).X-Ray, which lists the commonly used character names, locations, themes, or ideas in a book.

In November 2012, Amazon released the 5.3.0 update that allowed users to turn off recommended content on the home screen in Grid View (allowing two rows of user content) and included general bug fixes. In March 2014, the Paperwhite 5.4.4 update was released that added Goodreads integration, Kindle FreeTime to restrict usage for children, Cloud Collections for organization and Page Flip for scanning content without losing your place, which closely matched the Paperwhite 2"s software features.

Amazon announced the second-iteration Kindle Paperwhite, marketed as the "All-New Kindle Paperwhite" and colloquially referred to as the Paperwhite 2, on September 3, 2013; the Wi-Fi version was released in on September 30 ($120 ad-supported, $140 no ads), and the 3G/Wi-Fi version was released in the US on November 5, 2013 ($190 ad-supported, $210 no ads). The Paperwhite 2 features a higher contrast E Ink Carta display technology,Goodreads social integration.

The Paperwhite 2 uses a similar experimental web browser with the same 3G data use restrictions as previous Kindles; there are no use restrictions when using Wi-Fi. The official Amazon leather cover for the Paperwhite 2 is the same item as was used for the original Paperwhite. The cover"s magnets turn the screen on and off when it is opened and closed.

The Paperwhite 3 is the first e-reader to include the Bookerly font, a new font designed by Amazon, and includes updated formatting functions such as hyphenation and improved spacing.

On June 30, 2016, Amazon released a white version of the Paperwhite 3 worldwide; the only thing different about this version is the color of the shell.

In October 2016, Amazon released the Paperwhite 3 "Manga Model" in Japan that has a 33% increase in page-turning speed and includes 32 GB of storage, which is space for up to 700 manga books.

Amazon announced the first-iteration Kindle Oasis on April 13, 2016, and it was released on April 27 worldwide.serif) font and it is the first Kindle to include the Amazon Ember (sans-serif) font.

Amazon"s upgrade of the standard Kindle was released on June 22, 2016, in both black and white colors ($80 ad-supported, $100 no ads). The Kindle 8 features a new rounded design that is 0.35 inches (9 mm) shorter, 0.16 inches (4 mm) narrower, 0.043 inches (1.1 mm) thinner, and 1.1 ounces (30 g) lighter than the previous Kindle 7, and features double the RAM (512 MB) of its predecessor. The Kindle 8 is the first Kindle to use Bluetooth that can support VoiceView screen reader software for the visually impaired. It has the same screen display as its predecessor, a 167 ppi E Ink Pearl touch-screen display, and Amazon claims it has a four-week battery life and can be fully charged within four hours.

Amazon released the second-iteration Kindle Oasis, marketed as the "All-New Kindle Oasis" and colloquially referred to as the Oasis 2, on October 31, 2017. It is available in 8 GB Wi-Fi, 32 GB Wi-Fi and 32 GB Wi-Fi + 3G ($350 no ads) models with a 7-inch E Ink display with 300 ppi.IPX8 rated so it is water-resistant up to two meters for up to 60 minutes, and first to be able to change the background black and the text to white. It is frontlit with 12 LEDs, and has ambient light sensors to adjust the screen brightness automatically. It supports playback of Audible audiobooks by pairing with A2DP supported external Bluetooth 4.2 speakers or headphones; the device can store up to 35 audiobooks with 8 GB or 160 audiobooks with the 32 GB model.

Amazon announced the fourth-iteration Kindle Paperwhite on October 16, 2018, and released it on November 7, 2018; it is colloquially referred to as the Paperwhite 4 and Paperwhite 2018.IPX8 rating, allowing submersion in 2 meters of fresh water for up to one hour. It supports playback of Audible audio books only by pairing with external Bluetooth speakers or headphones.

Amazon announced the Kindle (10th generation) on March 20, 2019, which features the first front light available on a basic Kindle. The front light uses 4 LEDs compared to the Paperwhite with 5 LEDs. Kindle 10 uses a 6-inch display with higher contrast than previous basic Kindles and has the same 167 ppi resolution.

Amazon released the third-iteration Kindle Oasis, colloquially referred to as the Oasis 3, on July 24, 2019. Externally it is nearly identical in appearance to the second-iteration Oasis, with a similar 7-inch, 300ppi E Ink display, adjustable warm light, one-handed design, waterproofing, aluminum exterior, Bluetooth support and Micro USB for charging. It adds a 25 LED front light that can adjust color temperature to warmer tones, the first Kindle to be able to do so.

Amazon announced the Kindle Paperwhite (fifth iteration) on September 21, 2021, and it was released on October 27, 2021. It features 8 GB of storage and has similar dimensions to its predecessor but has a larger 6.8-inch display set in thinner bezels, 17 LEDs in the front light that can adjust color temperature to warmer tones (first featured in Kindle Oasis 3), an updated processor, and longer battery life that Amazon claims lasts up to ten weeks on a single charge.USB-C port. The Paperwhite 5 is also available in a higher cost Signature Edition that additionally supports Qi wireless charging, has 32 GB of storage, and includes an ambient light sensor that automatically adjusts the backlight brightness.

Amazon announced the Kindle (11th generation) on September 17, 2022. It is upgraded with a 300 ppi display, 16 GB of storage, and includes a USB-C port.

Amazon announced the Kindle Scribe September 22, 2022 for availability Nov 30. It is similar to the Paperwhite, has 10.2 inch, 300 ppi display with a magnetically attaching basic or premium pen for writing, drawing, and annotating. Storage options are 16 GB, 32 GB or 64 GB.

With the release of the Kindle Paperwhite in 2012, Amazon released a natural leather cover and a plastic back that is form-fitted for the device that weighs 5.6 ounces.

With the release of the Voyage in 2014, Amazon released two covers with either a polyurethane or a leather cover. The Voyage attaches to the rear of the Protective Cover magnetically and the case"s cover folds over the top, and the case weighs 4.6 ounces. The case can fold into a stand, propping the Kindle up for hands-free reading.

In May 2016, Amazon released the official Kindle Audio Adapter for reading e-books aloud via a text-to-speech (TTS) system for the blind and visually impaired.accessibility accessory, initially supported only for the Paperwhite 3 and Oasis, plugs in the USB port and connects to headphones or speakers. Once connected, the reader uses the Voiceview for Kindle feature to navigate the interface and listen to e-books via TTS. This feature only supports e-books, not audiobooks or music.

Kindle devices support dictionary and Wikipedia look-up functions when highlighting a word in an e-book. The font type, size and margins can be customized. Kindles are charged by connecting to a computer"s USB port or to an AC adapter. Users needing accessibility due to impaired vision can use an audio adapter to listen to any e-book read aloud on supported Kindles, or those with difficulty in reading text may use the Amazon Ember Bold font for darker text and other fonts may too have bold font versions.

Amazon offers an email-based service called "Send-to-Kindle" that allows the user to send files such as EPUB, PDF, HTML pages, Microsoft Word documents, GIF, PNG, and BMP graphics directly to the user"s Kindle library at Amazon. When Amazon receives the file, it converts the file to Kindle File Format and stores it in the user"s online library (called "Your Content" by Amazon). The Send-to-Kindle service"s personal documents can be accessed by all Kindle hardware devices as well as iOS and Android devices using the Kindle app.

The fourth and later generation Kindles, Touch, Paperwhite (all generations), Voyage and Oasis (all generations) can display AZW, AZW3, TXT, PDF, unprotected MOBI, and PRC files natively. HTML, DOC, DOCX, JPEG, GIF, PNG, and BMP are usable through Amazon"s conversion service. The Keyboard, Touch, Oasis 2 & 3, Kindle 8 & 9, and Paperwhite 4 can also play Audible Enhanced (AA, AAX). The Kindle (7, 8 & 9), Kindle Paperwhite (2, 3, 4 & 5), Voyage and Oasis (1, 2 & 3) can display KFX files natively. KFX is Amazon"s successor to the AZW3 format.

An e-book may be downloaded from Amazon to several devices at the same time, as long as the devices are registered to the same Amazon account. A sharing limit typically ranges from one to six devices, depending on an undisclosed number of licenses set by the publisher. When a limit is reached, the user must remove the e-book from some device

On July 18, 2011, Amazon began a program that allows college students to rent Kindle textbooks from three different publishers for a fixed period of time.

Kindle devices may report information about their users" reading data that includes the last page read, how long each e-book was opened, annotations, bookmarks, notes, highlights, or similar markings to Amazon.

Content from Amazon"s Kindle Store is encoded in Amazon"s proprietary Kindle formats (.azw, .kf8 and .kfx). In addition to published content, Kindle users can also access the Internet using the experimental web browser, which uses NetFront.Kindle Unlimited for unlimited access to over one million e-books for a monthly fee.

Content for the Kindle can be purchased online and downloaded wirelessly in some countries, using either standard Wi-Fi or Amazon"s 3G "Whispernet" network.

For U.S. customers traveling abroad, Amazon originally charged a $1.99 fee to download e-books over 3G while overseas, but later removed the fee. Fees remain for wireless 3G delivery of periodical subscriptions and personal documents, while Wi-Fi delivery has no extra charge.

Public libraries that offer books via OverDrive, Inc. also lend titles for the Kindle and Kindle reading apps in the US. Books are checked out from the library"s own site, which forwards to Amazon for the completion of the checkout process. Amazon then delivers the title to the Kindle for the duration of the loan, though some titles may require transfer via a USB connection to a computer. If the book is later checked out again or purchased, annotations and bookmarks are preserved.

Amazon released the Kindle for PC application in late 2009, available for Microsoft Windows systems.Kindle for Mac app for Apple Macintosh & OS X systems in early 2010.Amazon Kindle for Android. Soon after the Android release, versions for the Apple iOS (iPhone and iPad) and BlackBerry OS phones were available.HP TouchPad (running webOS) was released in the U.S. as a beta version.HTML5-based webapp for supported web browsers called Kindle Cloud Reader.Linux systems; the Cloud Reader can be used on supported browsers in Linux.

On April 17, 2014, Samsung announced it would discontinue its own e-book store effective July 1, 2014 and it partnered with Amazon to create the Kindle for Samsung app optimized for display on Samsung Galaxy devices. The app uses Amazon"s e-book store and it includes a monthly limited selection of free e-books.

Concurrently with the release of the first Kindle device, Amazon launched Kindle Direct Publishing, used by authors and publishers to independently publish their books directly to Kindle and Kindle Apps worldwide.

In a December 5, 2009 interview with App Store offers 70% of royalties to the publisher, Amazon began a program that offers 70% royalties to Kindle publishers who agree to certain conditions.caused some controversy.

On January 21, 2010, Amazon announced the release of its Kindle Development Kit (KDK).Java programming language"s Personal Basis Profile packaged Java APIs.

In October 2014, Amazon announced that the Voyage and future e-readers would not support active content because most users prefer to use apps on their smartphones and tablets, but the Paperwhite first-iteration and earlier Kindles would continue to support active content.

Specific Kindle device sales numbers are not released by Amazon; however, according to anonymous inside sources, over three million Kindles had been sold as of December 2009,Forrester Research, estimates are ranging around four million, as of mid-2010.

In 2010, Amazon remained the undisputed leader in the e-reader category, accounting for 59% of e-readers shipped, and it gained 14 percentage points in share.International Data Corporation (IDC) study from March 2011, sales for all e-book readers worldwide reached 12.8 million in 2010; 48% of them were Kindles.

In January 2011, Amazon announced that digital books were outselling their traditional print counterparts for the first time ever on its site, with an average of 115 Kindle editions being sold for every 100 paperback editions.

Morgan Stanley estimates that Amazon sold $3.57 billion worth of Kindle e-readers and tablets in 2012, $4.5 billion in Kindle device sales in 2013 and $5 billion in Kindle device sales in 2014.

Whether in good condition or not, Kindles should not be disposed of in normal waste due to the device"s electronic ink components and batteries. Instead, Kindles at the end of their useful life should be recycled. In the United States, Amazon runs their own program, "Take Back", which allows owners to print out a prepaid shipping label, which can be used to return the device for disposal.

On July 17, 2009, Amazon withdrew from sale two e-books by George Orwell, backdoor after discovering that the publisher lacked rights to publish these books. The two books were protected by copyright in the United States, but they were in the public domain in Canada, Australia and other countries.Nineteen Eighty-Four itself: in the novel, books, magazines, and newspapers in public archives that contradict the ruling party are either edited long after being published or destroyed outright; the removed materials go "down the memory hole", the nickname for an incinerator chute used in 1984.Orwellian terms. Ars Technica argued that the deletion violated the Kindle"s terms of service, which stated in part:

Upon your payment of the applicable fees set by Amazon, Amazon grants you the non-exclusive right to keep a permanent copy of the applicable Digital Content and to view, use and display such Digital Content an unlimited number of times, solely on the Device or as authorized by Amazon as part of the Service and solely for your personal, non-commercial use.

Amazon spokesman Drew Herdener said that the company is "changing our systems so that in the future we will not remove books from customers" devices in these circumstances."Jeff Bezos posted on Amazon"s official Kindle forum an apology about the company"s handling of the matter. Bezos said the action was "stupid", and that the executives at Amazon "deserve the criticism received".

On July 30, 2009, Justin Gawronski, a Michigan high school senior, and Antoine Bruguier, a California engineer, filed suit against Amazon in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington. Bruguier argued that Amazon had violated its terms of service by remotely deleting the copy of Nineteen Eighty-Four he purchased, in the process preventing him from accessing annotations he had written. Gawronski"s copy of the e-book was also deleted without his consent, and found Amazon used deceit in an email exchange. The complaint, which sought class-action status, asked for both monetary and injunctive relief.Kamber Edelson, "will donate its portion of that fee to a charitable organization".

For copies of Works purchased pursuant to TOS granting "the non-exclusive right to keep a permanent copy" of each purchased Work and to "view, use and display [such Works] an unlimited number of times, solely on the [Devices]... and solely for [the purchasers"] personal, non-commercial use", Amazon will not remotely delete or modify such Works from Devices purchased and being used in the U.S. unless (a) the user consents to such deletion or modification; (b) the user requests a refund for the work or otherwise fails to pay for the work (e.g., if a credit card issuer declines payment); (c) a judicial or regulatory order requires such deletion or modification; or (d) deletion or modification is reasonably necessary to protect the consumer, the operation of a device or network used for communication (e.g., to remove harmful code embedded within an e-book on a device).

On September 4, 2009, Amazon offered all affected users a choice of restoring of the deleted e-books or receiving an Amazon gift certificate or check for US$30.

In December 2010, Amazon removed three e-books written by Selena Kitt, along with works by several other self-published erotic fiction authors, for "offensive" content regarding consensual incest that violated Amazon"s publishing guidelines. Kitt stated her opinion this Amazon policy was selectively applied to some books but not others that feature similar themes. For what Amazon describes as "a brief period of time", the books were unavailable for redownload by users who had already purchased them. This ability was restored after it was brought to Amazon"s attention; however, no remote deletion took place.

In October 2012, Amazon suspended the account of a Norwegian woman who purchased her Kindle in the United Kingdom, and the company deleted every e-book on her Kindle. Amazon claimed that she had violated their terms of service but did not specify what she had done wrong.

Since 2012, Amazon has sold e-books in China and later began selling the Kindle e-book readers from 2013 onwards. Amazon had also announced that it has sold several million Kindles in the country and that China became the world"s biggest regional market for the Kindle in 2016. However, it was reported that Chinese consumers prefer using their smartphones over e-readers, notwithstanding competition from Tencent, Alibaba, JD.com and Douban, each with their own e-book readers or marketplaces. Domestically developed e-book readers from brands like Xiaomi, iReader and Onyx Boox also offer added competition to the Kindle.

On January 4, 2022, a Kindle shortage was reported on Amazon"s JD.com flagship store. Only the Kindle 10 had remained available for sale while other models like the Paperwhite, Oasis and Kids Edition had become out of stock. On the same day, It was announced that Amazon had also shut its Tmall flagship store, after having already closed its Kindle flagship store on Taobao earlier in October 2021.

In June 2022, Amazon announced that it will shut down its Kindle bookstore in China and starting July 2023 Kindle users can no longer purchase online books in the country. However, existing customers could still download previously bought titles until June 2024.

Also in June 2022, self-published authors protested against Amazon"s e-book return policy; whenever an e-book return is made, royalties originally paid to the author at the time of purchase are deducted from their earnings balance, leaving authors with negative balances.

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In this article, we"ll look at how many Chinese sellers there are more closely and the tactics being used by Chinese Amazon sellers in 2022 to manipulate the platform. We"ll also re-explore some of the old tricks they"ve been using for some time now.

According to our research that we collected (see our related article Amazon Third Party Seller Breakdown by Country) over 63% of third-party sellers are from either mainland China or Hong Kong.

It"s also estimated that there are 1,500,000 active sellers on Amazon. So by doing some simple math, there are likely close to a million Chinese third party sellers on Amazon.

Amazon has made it very easy to see just who is a Chinese seller. In 2020 they started revealing every seller"s address information so all you need to do is to click a Third Party Seller"s name and it will bring up that Seller"s address.

Let"s start off with a love triangle: Amazon is in love with Chinese entrepreneurs, Chinese entrepreneurs are in love with Amazon, and the Chinese government is in love with Amazon. Let"s examine why the love affair exists and also how many Chinese sellers there are.

There are arguably a few other countries as comfortable with ecommerce as China. The two largest sites in China, JD.com and Taobao.com have, respectively, $67 billion and $40 billion in revenue(which, when combined, is over 40% more than Amazon"s revenue). When you combine this with China"s rich manufacturing background, it"s no wonder the dream of ‘selling on Amazon" is huge.

There is also no shortage of online marketers selling this dream. One popular Chinese e-learning website has dozens of courses covering every selling on Amazontopic imaginable at prices ranging from $5 to $100.

Amazon"s mission is to provide customers with the lowest priced products possible. Part of the way to achieve this is to deliver the flattest supply chain, and that means getting sellers as close to Chinese factories as possible.

One of the ways Amazon actively recruits more sellers is by routinely holding summits in Mainland China. These conferences are now held in several cities across the country each year and attract thousands of people, both those already selling on Amazon and those looking to sell on Amazon.

It"s no secret that Amazon customer reviews are one of the most important factors affecting a customer"s purchase decision on Amazon. So it"s no surprise that it"s also one of the most frequently abused tactics by Chinese sellers. Zach Franklin of AMZKungfu is originally from Detroit but now lives in Shenzhen, China and is a popular non-Chinese Amazon consultant for Chinese sellers. He explained to me that in his experience at least 50% of Chinese sellers are using some form of review strategy against Amazon"s terms of service. As Zach described to me, “To many Chinese Amazon sellers, the question of how to succeed on Amazon has a simple answer: reviews equal sales”.

A Chinese seller"s review strategy can come in one of two varieties: compensating/reimbursing real customers for leaving a positive review, or the more extreme technique of making fake orders and leaving positive reviews through zombie Amazon accounts. Both of these practices of getting reviews were frequent in 2018 and continue in 2019.

Fake review companies (almost always in China) open hundreds or thousands of fake Amazon accounts known as “zombie accounts”. They then emulate “real” customer browsing behavior so as not to arouse Amazon’s suspicions. According to one Chinese selling consultant, who wished to remain anonymous,fake reviews generally start at $3 to $5 depending on how likely or not these fake reviews are to be detected by Amazon.

Of course, outright fake reviews aren"t the only way reviews are manipulated. While Amazon banned incentivized reviews in 2016,the practice still exists in various forms, everything from “rebate clubs” where consumers get rebates (often for a 100% rebate of the purchase price) to compensating consumers for leaving positive reviews in the form of extended warranties and future discounts.

Amazon has taken measures to fight fake reviews by blocking products from receiving anynew reviews after they have received a suspicious influx of positive reviews. However, fake reviews continue to be a problem plaguing the platform.

Amazon has a GIANT counterfeit product problem. In it"s earning report earlier in the year, Amazon admitted as much stating “We also may be unable to prevent sellers in our stores or through other stores from selling unlawful, counterfeit, pirated, or stolen goods, selling goods in an unlawful or unethical manner, violating the proprietary rights of others, or otherwise violating our policies….In addition…we could face civil or criminal liability for unlawful activities by our sellers.”

The problem largely circles back to the fact that Amazon is a marketplace like eBay that allows multiple sellers to sell the same item. Amazon does not actively audit items sent into its warehouses to determine if they are genuine products or not. Instead, it rests strictly on whether the item has the correct UPC barcode or not. A malicious seller can simply print a fake UPC bar code, apply it to their counterfeit item, and Amazon will deem it to be a genuine product.

The issue of counterfeit products, along with fake reviews, is one of the greatest threats to Amazon and they have taken several measures to counter the prevalence of fake products. Amazon implemented the Transparency program in 2018 that gives sellers exclusive and trackable barcodes for its items. Earlier in the year they also rolled out Project Zero which gives sellers greater ability to remove counterfeit sellers from their listings.

While both the Transparency and Project Zero programs are positive steps in the right direction, it does not remove the problem of counterfeits entirely. The onus is still on sellers to monitor their listings and all of the Amazon marketplace to ensure no counterfeiters exist.

Because of the way Amazon"s marketplace works (it allows many sellers to use the same listing), it works under a “community contribution” principle (not dissimilar from Wikipedia) where any seller can potentially edit a listing. The premise is that the community will decide the best pictures to describe a product, the description, etc.. Community contributions work most of the time but sometimes malicious actors get out of hand, like when The North Face altered dozens of Wikipedia pages to plug its gear. The same thing happens with Amazon.

For instance, during Christmas 2018, a malicious competitor altered nearly every listing of yoga balls on the first page of Amazon"s search results to show a picture of a PlayStation 4 instead of yoga balls. The consequence? Confused customers either chose not to buy the yoga balls at all or, worse, they bought what they thought were PlayStation 4s and received yoga balls instead.

Amazon has a complicated hierarchy for determining what suggested changes are implemented and which are not. Malicious sellers have figured out that Vendor Central clients, i.e. vendors who sell products to Amazonas opposed toonAmazon, have the highest priority. Subsequently, phony Vendor Central accounts are a hot commodity in the world of black market Amazon services selling.

On Amazon, a product may have several variations. For example, a shirt may come in several different colors or an Instant Pot may come in different sizes.

For example, if I decided to start selling kitchen spatulas I could potentially add my spatula as a different variation to the Instant Pot listing above and it would appear as though my brand new kitchen spatula had 37,970 reviews as, in most cases, Amazon pools reviews across all variations.

Often though, adding a completely different product as a variation to a popular product gets noticed by Amazon and customers pretty quickly. So clever sellers are going so far as to search for discontinued products in Amazon"s catalog with lots of reviews and add their items as variations to these listings so as not to raise any suspicion.

This is how it works: mid to senior-ranking employees within Amazon China have direct access to Amazon’s internal network that allows them to access private information related to all sellers. Corrupt Amazon employees will steal a business report of any desired competitor showing information such as how many times a product was viewed over a period, how many times a product was purchased, and the total sales of those items.

Chinese employees will also resell Amazon customer information. This information can be used in a variety of ways – everything from privately contacting a customer to ask them to remove a negative review in exchange for some type of payoff, all the way up to running advertising campaigns directed towards those customers.

After EcomCrew broke the news last year, several mainstream media outlets, including the Wall Street Journal, picked up the story and Amazon insisted they would crack down on such leaks, “We hold our employees to a high ethical standard and anyone in violation of our code faces discipline, including termination and potential legal and criminal penalties”. However, Amazon has not closed the leaks. Numerous resellers still offer this service, as seen on the screenshot above.

Amazon is quick to suspend sellers when it detects behavior that goes against its terms of service. Not only do those sellers lose their ability to sell on Amazon, but they also lose the ability to sell potentially hundreds of thousands of dollars or even millions of dollars in inventory. Given these risks, many Chinese sellers secretly open several Amazon Seller Central accounts, called “Stealth Accounts” despite this being strictly against Amazon’s terms of service. Having multiple selling accounts gives sellers the ability to take higher risks.

Amazon is very good at detecting multiple selling accounts from a single seller and sellers subsequently go to great lengths to hide the identity of these accounts – many Chinese sellers require their staff to open accounts under their names but under control of their company. These accounts are often even used with separate internet service providers to avoid Amazon detecting any IP sharing.

An associate of mine who previously worked for a large Chinese Amazon seller in the pet industry described it to me this way, “In our company, we literally needed a diagram detailing all of our selling accounts so our staff could keep track of these accounts”.

In June 2018 the Supreme Court ruled, more or less, that sellers could be held liable for collecting sales tax. The ruling seemed to give the green light for Chinese sellers to gain a competitive advantage over their American competitors, by having a lot more flexibility in NOT collecting sales tax (the premise being that enforcing tax collection on Chinese and other international sellers is infinitely more difficult than on American sellers). However, as of this writing, over twenty states have now enacted marketplace facilitator laws putting the burden of collecting sales tax on marketplaces like Amazon. The result is that American sellers are now, more or less, put on a level playing field.

In terms of product liability, Amazon puts the onus on sellers. Courts have frequently upheld the opinion that Amazon bears no liability in defective items). While Amazon has a requirement for sellers to hold at least $1million in product liability insurance,it"s no secret that Amazon does not enforce this requirement. And once again, it does not take a law degree to realize that an American business with domestic assets is going to be a lot more susceptible to product liability lawsuits than a foreign business, especially a Chinese one.

Amazon has been making some headway in regards to product liability as well. They have now restricted certain categories, most significantly any pesticide-related category, to American sellers only. However, the vast majority of product categories still have no product safety requirements from Amazon.

Amazon is largely a victim of its own success. It has provided a platform for tens of thousands of entrepreneurs to make a lot of money off of. And with that surge of cash and opportunity comes the inevitable wave of ill-willed actors.

It"s important at this juncture to point out that gaming Amazon is not a tactic exclusive to Chinese sellers. Anyone who has sold on Amazon long enough knows that sellers employing questionable selling tactics bear all types of passports. I"ve personally met many of them from nearly every continent in the world. As Zach Franklin emphasized, “Most [Chinese] sellers I know just want to build a real, defensible brand. They"re hiring better designers and copywriters, building a real presence off of Amazon, trying out influencer marketing, Adwords, and Facebook. They want to do things in the right way and they"re working from 9 am – 9 pm, 6 days a week to do it”.

Amazon seemingly allows nearly any selling strategy to slide until a wave of negative press arrives that threatens its revenues. As one Chinese service provider described to me, “Amazon turns a blind eye to the leaking of competitor data from employees. It doesn"t hurt them”. Amazon bills itself as “Earth"s Most Customer-centric Company” which often comes at the expense of sellers. However, seller interests and customers are also frequently aligned. Unscrupulous sellers employing fake reviews and selling counterfeit products help neither customers or well-behaved sellers.

If you"re a seller, have you been a victim of any of the strategies discussed here? If you"re an Amazon customer, have you ever experienced fake reviews or counterfeit products?

The Android tablets listed below give users who prefer Google"s operating system over Apple"s iPadOS a worthy alternative. Finding alternatives that match what Apple has done with their iPads is hard. Fortunately, tablets from Samsung, Amazon, and Lenovo can provide what you need at just a fraction of the price of an iPad.

Samsung"s tablet lineup consists of several different models, with a wide range in price and features, most of which are ideal for students thanks to dedicated keyboard accessories, performance, and display size. Meanwhile, Amazon"s tablets, which technically run a forked version of Android called Fire OS, are designed and sold at budget prices, integrating all of the online shopping giant"s stores and services. On the other hand, Lenovo is typically known for their budget laptop and Chromebook collection, but their tablet included in this lineup can do more than a typical tablet.

The Tab S8 is one of three new Samsung tablets. The Tab S8 comes with 8GB or 12GB of memory and starts at 128GB of storage which can be expanded by up to 1TB thanks to microSD card support. Inside the Tab S8 is Qualcomm"s Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 processor. The 11-inch LCD display is compact enough to make the tablet portable but high-resolution, and clear enough you"ll be happy watching your favorite shows or gaming on it.

Gone are the boxy and square tablets from Amazon. The company completely redesigned the Fire HD 8 lineup with a more rounded look and feel. There are actually two new tablets: The Fire HD 8 and Fire HD 8 Plus.

The Fire HD 8 runs Amazon"s Fire OS. It runs Android apps, but you"re limited to apps that are available in Amazon"s own Appstore. Like with most tablets in this price range, performance can be sluggish at times, but you"ll have no issues shopping, browsing Facebook, or checking your email on the Fire HD 8 Plus.

When Amazon last refreshed the Fire HD 10, the company added the Fire HD 10 Plus to the lineup. The newest 10-inch tablet comes on its own, or in what Amazon is calling a productivity bundle that includes a keyboard and a one-year subscription to Microsoft 365 for $199. It boasts an octa-core processor, 4GB of memory, and microSD card support of up to 1TB.

Yes! Both the Amazon Fire HD 8 Plus and HD 10 Plus use the Android operating system. This means that not only will you be able to use Amazon streaming services and apps, but you"ll also get access to programs and services on the Google Play store.

85-inches is one of the biggest screen sizes in the consumer TV segment, which is why according products for buyers with very large living rooms and a long viewing distance often cost a small fortune. However, the well-known budget brand Hisense has comparatively affordable sets like the popular U7H in store, whose 85-inch variant has now received a noteworthy discount on Amazon.

Specifically, Amazon is currently selling the 85-inch Hisense U7H QLED TV with Dolby Vision support and a very respectable peak HDR brightness of up to 1,000 nits for just US$1,499 including free shipping. This set is part of the Chinese manufacturer"s current 2022 TV lineup and also sports a fast 120Hz refresh rate. According to Camelcamelcamel, the Hisense U7H has never been cheaper on Amazon, and this deal offers US$300 or 17 percent in savings in relation to its most recent price of US$1,799.

Amazon on Thursday announced a new hardware partnership with TCL, a longtime Google partner. The move marks an end to one of the ecommerce giant’s long-simmering feuds with a key rival in the smart TV space.

The Chinese consumer electronics company is introducing two new QLED smart TVs with screen sizes of 50” and 55”, powered by Amazon’s Fire TV OS in Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

This partnership is a major win for Amazon,which had been looking to team up with TCL for years. The Chinese company was equally interested in making Fire TV devices, but it was prevented from doing so by Google.The problem: TCL is also making smart TVs powered by Google’s Android TV OS and has been selling phones running Android and Google apps.

For years, Google used its Android licensing policies to prevent companies like TCL from using what it deems “incompatible” versions of Android, including Amazon’s Fire OS.

Now, TCL is openly making Fire TVs,and it’s not the only major consumer electronics maker to do so. Amazon announced similar partnerships with Hisense and Xiaomi, which both also make a variety of devices based on Google’s Android operating system, earlier this year.The reason for this change: Google and Amazon have quietly made peace on the issue, as I was able to exclusively report for Protocol today.

Google has not changed its stance on Google compatibility requirements completely, but it did strike a deal with Amazon to allow the retailer to partner with these TV makers, I’ve been told by a source close to one of the parties involved in the agreement.

The agreement also comes at an opportune time for Amazon. Fire TV streaming adapters have been selling very well for years, but consumers are increasingly opting for smart TVs over dongles.Daniel Rausch, Amazon’s VP of entertainment devices, acknowledged as much during a briefing about the two new TCL Fire TVs this week, telling me, “TVs are now the fastest-growing part of the Fire TV business overall.”

Rausch declined to comment on Amazon’s relationship with Google, but he did say that Fire TV has been having a bit of a moment as of late, to the point where Amazon has sold more than 150 million smart TVs and streaming adapters powered by the Fire TV OS worldwide.