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There are plenty of new and confusing terms facing TV shoppers today, but when it comes down to the screen technology itself, there are only two: Nearly every TV sold today is either LCD or OLED.

The biggest between the two is in how they work. With OLED, each pixel provides its own illumination so there"s no separate backlight. With an LCD TV, all of the pixels are illuminated by an LED backlight. That difference leads to all kinds of picture quality effects, some of which favor LCD, but most of which benefit OLED.

LCDs are made by a number of companies across Asia. All current OLED TVs are built by LG Display, though companies like Sony and Vizio buy OLED panels from LG and then use their own electronics and aesthetic design.

So which one is better? Read on for their strengths and weaknesses. In general we"ll be comparing OLED to the best (read: most expensive) LCD has to offer, mainly because there"s no such thing as a cheap OLED TV (yet).

At the other side of light output is black level, or how dark the TV can get. OLED wins here because of its ability to turn off individual pixels completely. It can produce truly perfect black.

The better LCDs have local dimming, where parts of the screen can dim independently of others. This isn"t quite as good as per-pixel control because the black areas still aren"t absolutely black, but it"s better than nothing. The best LCDs have full-array local dimming, which provides even finer control over the contrast of what"s onscreen -- but even they can suffer from "blooming," where a bright area spoils the black of an adjacent dark area.

Here"s where it comes together. Contrast ratio is the difference between the brightest and the darkest a TV can be. OLED is the winner here because it can get extremely bright, plus it can produce absolute black with no blooming. It has the best contrast ratio of any modern display.

One of the main downsides of LCD TVs is a change in picture quality if you sit away from dead center (as in, off to the sides). How much this matters to you certainly depends on your seating arrangement, but also on how much you love your loved ones.

A few LCDs use in-plane switching (IPS) panels, which have better off-axis picture quality than other kinds of LCDs, but don"t look as good as other LCDs straight on (primarily due to a lower contrast ratio).

OLED doesn"t have the off-axis issue LCDs have; its image looks basically the same, even from extreme angles. So if you have a wide seating area, OLED is the better option.

Nearly all current TVs are HDR compatible, but that"s not the entire story. Just because a TV claims HDR compatibility doesn"t mean it can accurately display HDR content. All OLED TVs have the dynamic range to take advantage of HDR, but lower-priced LCDs, especially those without local-dimming backlights, do not. So if you want to see HDR content it all its dynamic, vibrant beauty, go for OLED or an LCD with local dimming.

In our tests comparing the best new OLED and LCD TVs with HDR games and movies, OLED usually looks better. Its superior contrast and lack of blooming win the day despite LCD"s brightness advantage. In other words LCD TVs can get brighter, especially in full-screen bright scenes and HDR highlights, but none of them can control that illumination as precisely as an OLED TV.

OLED"s energy consumption is directly related to screen brightness. The brighter the screen, the more power it draws. It even varies with content. A dark movie will require less power than a hockey game or ski competition.

The energy consumption of LCD varies depending on the backlight setting. The lower the backlight, the lower the power consumption. A basic LED LCD with its backlight set low will draw less power than OLED.

LG has said their OLED TVs have a lifespan of 100,000 hours to half brightness, a figure that"s similar to LED LCDs. Generally speaking, all modern TVs are quite reliable.

Does that mean your new LCD or OLED will last for several decades like your parent"s last CRT (like the one pictured). Probably not, but then, why would you want it to? A 42-inch flat panel cost $14,000 in the late 90"s, and now a 65-inch TV with more than 16x the resolution and a million times better contrast ratio costs $1,400. Which is to say, by the time you"ll want/need to replace it, there will be something even better than what"s available now, for less money.

OLED TVs are available in sizes from 48 to 88 inches, but LCD TVs come in smaller and larger sizes than that -- with many more choices in between -- so LCD wins. At the high end of the size scale, however, the biggest "TVs" don"t use either technology.

If you want something even brighter, and don"t mind spending a literal fortune to get it, Samsung, Sony, and LG all sell direct-view LED displays. In most cases these are

You can get 4K resolution, 50-inch LCDs for around $400 -- or half that on sale. It"s going to be a long time before OLEDs are that price, but they have come down considerably.

LCD dominates the market because it"s cheap to manufacture and delivers good enough picture quality for just about everybody. But according to reviews at CNET and elsewhere, OLED wins for overall picture quality, largely due to the incredible contrast ratio. The price difference isn"t as severe as it used to be, and in the mid- to high-end of the market, there are lots of options.

Even though some say the picture quality of an LED TV is better, there is no straight answer for which has better picture quality since both TVs use the same kind of screen. For instance, a higher-end LCD TV can have a better quality than a low-end LED TV, but if you look at high-end models of either TV, the picture quality will be comparable.

RGB Dynamic LEDs show truer blacks and whites and thus get higher dynamic contrast ratio (which is desirable in a TV), at the cost of less detail in small bright objects on a dark background (such as star fields)

LED TVs use energy-efficient light emitting diodes (LED) for backlighting. These consume less power than cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL) used in traditional LCD televisions. Power savings are typically 20-30%.

Edge-LEDs (the most common) are positioned around the rim of the screen and use a special diffusion panel to spread the light evenly behind the screen.

Flat Screen LCDs, about an inch or two thick are more expensive, but also more popular because of their sleek look and the flexible options of standing on a surface or mounting on a wall.

Front projection LCDs or projectors, which project an image onto the front of the screen. The TV itself is just a box installed anywhere in a room, which projects the image onto a flat screen hung on the wall as large as 300 inches.

Rear projection LCDs, where the image is sent from the rear of the TV to the screen in front. Rear projection LCDs are wide, heavy and only available in large sizes (60" and up).

Thanks for the display technology development, we have a lot of display choices for our smartphones, media players, TVs, laptops, tablets, digital cameras, and other such gadgets. The most display technologies we hear are LCD, TFT, OLED, LED, QLED, QNED, MicroLED, Mini LED etc. The following, we will focus on two of the most popular display technologies in the market: TFT Displays and Super AMOLED Displays.

TFT means Thin-Film Transistor. TFT is the variant of Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs). There are several types of TFT displays: TN (Twisted Nematic) based TFT display, IPS (In-Plane Switching) displays. As the former can’t compete with Super AMOLED in display quality, we will mainly focus on using IPS TFT displays.

OLED means Organic Light-Emitting Diode. There are also several types of OLED, PMOLED (Passive Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode) and AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode). It is the same reason that PMOLED can’t compete with IPS TFT displays. We pick the best in OLED displays: Super AMOLED to compete with the LCD best: IPS TFT Display.

Click calculate to find the energy consumption of a 22 inch LED-backlit LCD display using 30 Watts for 5 hours a day @ $0.10 per kWh. Check the table below and modify the calculator fields if needed to fit your display.

LED & LCD screens use the same TFT LCD (thin film transistor liquid crystal display) technology for displaying images on the screen, when a product mentions LED it is referring to the backlighting. Older LCD monitors used CCFL (cold cathode fluorescent) backlighting which is generally 20-30% less power efficient compared to LED-backlit LCD displays.

The issue in accurately calculating the energy consumption of your tv or computer display comes down to the build quality of the screen, energy saving features which are enabled and your usage patterns. The only method to accurately calculate the energy usage of a specific model is to use a special device known as an electricity usage monitor or a power meter. This device plugs into a power socket and then your device is plugged into it, electricity use can then be accurately monitored. If you are serious about precisely calculating your energy use, this product is inexpensive and will help you determine your exact electricity costs per each device.

In general we recommend LED displays because they offer the best power savings and are becoming more cheaper. Choose a display size which you are comfortable with and make sure to properly calibrate your display to reduce power use. Enable energy saving features, lower brightness and make sure the monitor goes into sleep mode after 5 or 10 minutes of inactivity. Some research studies also suggest that setting your system themes to a darker color may help reduce energy cost, as less energy is used to light the screen. Also keep in mind that most display will draw 0.1 to 3 watts of power even if they are turned off or in sleep mode, unplugging the screen if you are away for extended periods of time may also help.

While the main LED and LCD difference lies in the technology the TV uses to project visuals on screen, each of the two technologies responds to projections and video in a different way.

An LED TV, owing to the technology it uses, flaunts a thinner screen with sharper edges. On the other hand, the two-layer display technology adds bulk to an LCD TV.

Backlight is an important difference between LCD and LED TVs. An LED TV backlight comes in two ways: edge lighting and full array lighting. Unlike an LCD TV that uses CCFL for backlight, most LED TVs use ‘light guides’ to project pictures on the screen. For example: the latest LED Sony TV and LG TV use the edge lit with local dimming technology to present bright visuals.

When comparing LCD vs LED on the parameter of brightness, an LED TV stands out as a winner. This is because it appoints an individual dimming and backlighting system, which in comparison to LCD, makes your projections more defined, authentic, and closer to reality.

LED TVs have superior black levels and employ dynamic contrast mechanisms as compared to LCDs. Colour precision is also more defined in case of LED TV.

LCDs project clear pictures for up to 165 degrees, but projections tend to distort beyond this point. However, LED TVs are equipped to offer you better clarity at all viewing angles.

LED TVs are more energy-efficient as these models use light emitting diodes (LED) for backlighting. These TVs consume less power as compared to cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL), which most LCD TVs use. This results in a power savings of up to 30%.

Owing to the technology on offer, the price of LED TVs is higher as compared to LCD TVs. For instance, to buy an LED TV that is HD Ready, you will have to spend a minimum of Rs. 10,000 and the price will go up with an increase in screen size and technology. Smart TVs, for instance, come with a higher price tag.

The best part about an LED TV is that it can perfectly fit your space, however limited or expansive it may be, courtesy its versatile size and thickness. You can buy LCDs ranging between 13 and 57 inches in size and LEDs of up to 90 inches, based on the available space.

The most common type of LCD TVs today is the flat screen; however, you can also get front projection LCDs that project an image onto a flat screen. When it comes to LEDs, the most common type is the Edge LED TV that spreads the light uniformly behind the screen. You can also find Dynamic RGB LEDs, which offer dimmer or brighter projections on certain areas, and Full-array LEDs that do not offer dimming or brightening of an individual area.

With this comparison, you must have realised that LED TVs are better than LCDs. However, when choosing a TV, understand your viewing requirement first, then choose what suits you the best. If playing games or watching films in high definition is your passion, then choose LED TVs over LCDs.

In the time to come, OLED technology is going to dominate the LED TV market. While some brands like Sony have already launched exceptional OLED TVs, more is yet to come. Unfortunately, LCD TVs will slowly vanish from the market owing to their cumbersome make and limited features.

There’s never been a better time to buy a TV. Yes, we said the same a couple of years ago, but that doesn’t make it any less true The industry has worked nearly all of the bugs out of LCD and OLED TVs, and today’s prices are lower than ever. Or they were until this recent chip shortage took hold.

The G2 Evo Gallery edition is a great OLED TV with a super thin bezel that looks especially nice on the wall. Our only caveat is that quantum-dot OLEDs that use RGB subpixels have eclipsed LG’s older WRGB technology (WRGB uses a white subpixel for brightness, which reduces color saturation).

Sony applied its image-processing prowess and high-end audio technology to Samsung’s quantum dot OLED panel to build the best 4K TV we’ve ever seen. But buying the best requires very deep pockets. You could buy an OLED from LG or Samsung and keep upwards of a grand in your pocket. On the other hand, you might find you don’t need to buy a soundbar, because the Bravia XR A95K’s audio technology is also the best the industry has to offer.

Samsung’s best 4K UHD LCD TV delivers terrific image quality, particularly when it comes to HDR, and it serves up a quartet of 120Hz-enabled HDMI ports plus a nifty remote that can be charged via RF harvesting. We were annoyed by Samsung’s convoluted Smart Hub TV interface, which requires too many clicks for our taste. That said, the QN90B is the best-looking 4K LCD TV you can buy right now.

TCL is rapidly gaining—and deserving—a reputation for building affordable smart TVs that deliver incredible value. It’s 55-inch 6-series is certainly no exception, combining quantum-dot color with mini-LED backlight technology to build a set with great color, brightness, and the Roku TV operating system. We like it a lot.

CRT TVs were around for more 50 years and were still being improved when they fell out of favor. LCD TVs aren’t nearly that mature, and you’ll still find the occasional entry-level models with color and contrast issues. Color and contrast have nonetheless improved drastically in the last few years, and the improvements have trickled down almost to the lowest rung on the ladder. OLED remains at the pinnacle, but remains expensive to manufacture. I’ll talk more about LED versus OLED in a bit.

There’s also a resolution “race” in progress, though it seems to have stalled for the nonce at 8K UHD. Buying a TV with resolution of 7680 x 4320 pixels remains a pricey proposition, and there’s almost no content to take advantage of it. Apart from 4K Blu-ray, most video content is still delivered in 1080p resolution, even though 4K UHD TVs with resolution of 3840 x 2160 pixels rule the roost in terms of sales.

The best news, to expand on my previous point, is that top-end technology (quantum dots, mini-LED) has filtered down to the mid-range (defined as $750 to $1,250 for a 65-inch-class set). We haven’t seen one that quite puts it all together yet, but TCL’s 6-series come darn close. Too close, certainly, for the big three (LG, Samsung, and Sony) to remain comfortable.

Even better, nearly all the high-end 4k UHD 65-inch-class TVs that cost $600 to $10,000 or more a few years ago have dropped to below $3,000. Even Samsung’s 8K UHD QN800A-series can be hand for $3,500 (65-inch class). LG’s 8K UHD OLED—the 88-inch-class model OLED88Z9PUA—is something to behold, but it costs $30,000. Ouch. Then again, if your entertainment center is big enough to require an 88- to 120-inch-class television, that price tag might worth the experience.

HDR: The acronym stands for high dynamic range, and it has become the norm in better TVs. HDR simply means a larger difference in luminance between the darkest area of an image and the brightest area. It doesn’t sound like much, but a lack of contrast (a comparative washed-out appearance) in LED TVs has long been an issue, especially at the entry level.

Contrast:Contrast is the distance in terms of luminance between the darkest and brightest points in an image. Part of HDR is also increasing contrast. A high-contrast TV is an HDR TV, although we’ve never heard of one called that. It just doesn’t sound sexy, I suppose. Anyway, he higher the contrast, the more subtle detail the TV can deliver.

LED-backlit LCD versus OLED: There’s a luxuriousness to the image that OLED TVs produce that appeals to many, including myself. Because each sub-pixel is its own light source, when a pixel is switched off, you get near perfect black. LED-backlit LCD TVs bleed light around and through the LCDs, which are not perfect shutters.

Even the best LED/LCD TVs can’t match the blacks of OLED. (Mini-LED gets closer—see below). On the other hand, they can generate much higher peak brightness, which compensates with most material and really makes HDR pop.

The main drawbacks of OLED as a technology are a relatively limited lifespan, and burn-in; i.e. ghosts of previous images remaining on screen. LG claims 100,000 hours to half brightness for its TVs: That’s where 500 nits becomes 250 nits, and that number of hours is calculated based on the TV displaying standard dynamic range material. HDR content will shorten an OLED’s lifespan.

With normal use (two hours a day), those drawbacks will never bite you. Or for at least not for a very long time. Using OLEDs for signage, all-day long viewing, or for rendering static images, on the other hand, is not recommended.

Micro-LED (not to be confused with mini-LED backlighting) is a non-organic self-emitter technology that doesn’t suffer any of these issues, but it’s still so expensive as to excuse itself from this conversation.

Viewing angle: While most TVs look great when viewed head-on, not all look that great when viewed from an angle. So, if you’re planning to host Super Bowl parties or other events where people will watch from oblique angles, make sure you check into this aspect. Anti-glare coatings, as well as the type of LCDs used: IPS (In-Plane Switching), TN (Twisted Nematic), VA (Vertically Aligned), etc., can affect the image when viewed from other than purely perpendicular.

Backlighting: Two basic types of backlighting are used in LED-backlit LCD TVs: array and edge lit. As previously discussed, every element in an OLED (or micro-LED) panel is its own backlight.

Array backlighting is simply a grid of LEDs placed directly behind the screen. It’s an advanced type of what was once referred to as direct backlighting. Edge lighting, as you’ve probably guessed, places the light source around the edge of the display. The photons emitted by the source are redirected by various means (tunnels, light pipes, reflective materials, et al) to the filter and LCD layers of the display. Edge lighting has generally been relegated to entry-level TVs.

Array backlighting produces better blacks than edge lighting, though how much better depends on a number of factors, such as the quality of the LCDs (some leak less light than others), the algorithms used to darken the zones (the individual lights or light groups), and the material being displayed. Array backlighting can also produce significantly more brightness than edge lighting, which comes in handy for HDR.

Mini-LED is the latest development in LED/array backlighting. TCL was first to market with it, but Samsung’s latest TVs also feature the technology. Basically, the LEDs are much smaller, there are far more of them, and they’re placed much closer to the filter and LCD layers, reducing bleed and deepening blacks while simultaneously increasing brightness. It’s not quite OLED, but it’s a lot closer than normal array or edge LED backlighting.

All things being equal, you have twice as many redraws to play with on a 120Hz set as on a 60Hz set, and motion will nearly always look smoother with a higher refresh rate. Case in point: the best LED-backlit LCD sets all have 120Hz hardware refresh rates. Look for the hardware refresh rate.Or ask; it can be hard to find.

You can search the web for 4K UHD HDR demos, and finding suitable ones, load them on your USB stick. Sony’s Contrast Demos are particularly useful to test blacks and backlighting. Beyond that, highly detailed scenes such as cityscapes, fine patterns, and forest scenes are handy for spotting shimmer and moiré. Quick pans over large patterns and car chases can be good for spotting jerky motion.

YouTube is also a good source for HDR, 4K UHD, and even 8K UHD content to test TVs with. It’s often highly compressed, but generally indicative. There are even “zone counters” for counting the number of zones in the array backlighting. Watch the small white block move along the edge of a black screen and each time it dims (or brightens—your choice) it has traveled over a new zone.

There are three main technologies used for projection – DLP, LCD and LED. DLP (Digital Light Processing) uses a chip made of tiny microscopic mirrors and a spinning colour wheel to create an image. DLP projectors deliver sharp images, don"t need any filters, have a better response time as well as 3D capabilities. The effective lamp life of a DLP projector is only 2000-5000 hours and some people see colour ghosting/banding in some scenes. On the other hand, LCD projectors use liquid crystal displays, have no moving parts and thus are generally less expensive. If you are on a budget a single chip LCD projector is ideal while 3-chip LCDs offer better colour saturation, lower noise levels and work better for movies. However, LCDs require constant filter maintenance and output less contrast. The LEDs in LED projectors have a lifespan of over 20,000 hours. They deliver better colours, have lower power consumption and virtually zero maintenance costs. Also, LED projectors are smaller and generate less heat. Do keep in mind that LED projectors have limited brightness compared to LCD or DLP so they are not recommended if your room has a lot of ambient light.

Tip: Some high-end projectors come with a feature called lens-shift. This is a physical rail that adjusts the lens up/down & sideways to move the image around. Obviously, this offers a lot more flexibility with regards to projector placement.

Pico projectors use LEDs as the light source due to which they can be extremely compact in size. Pico projectors can fit in your palm or be integrated into various devices like mobile phones (Samsung Galaxy Beam), tablets (Lenovo Yoga Tab 3), computers, and even digital cameras (Nikon S1000pj). While these projectors do not offer very high resolution or brightness, they are good enough to use in a small, dark room. You can get a 60-inch screen and you can connect multiple devices like smartphones, gaming consoles and laptops. Moreover, the portable size enables manufacturers to add internal storage as well as rechargeable battery in devices that weight less than 200 grams.

Some movies are shot in widescreen (16:9 or wider) – but to display them in standard width video formats (4:3 or square), you will see black bars above and below the display area. This is called letterboxing

A 3 colour LCD system uses individual LCDs for red, green and blue. The light from each LCD is combined using a prism to create a final image. It usually offers better quality than single chip LCD or DLP designs.

The average price figures we show are a bit higher than the average for all big TVs on the market. That’s both because the largest sets carry a premium and because CR tends to purchase a lot of expensive, high-end sets. That allows us to test the latest features, such as Mini LED backlights in LCD/LED TVs, which can help boost contrast and reduce halos, and high dynamic range (HDR), which can produce brighter, more vibrant images.

You’ll see that Sony, Samsung, and LG top the list in terms of average Overall Score and average price. Given their high average scores, sets from any of these TV brands might be worth considering. Sony TVs tend to be expensive in part because the company, like LG, now offers OLED TVs, which tend to cost more, but also because it exited the budget TV market. The takeaway for shoppers is that a premium set from Sony might not be more expensive than a premium set from a competitor—the company just doesn’t compete in lower performance tiers.

TCL, Vizio, and Hisense are additional brands to consider, especially if you’re on a budget. With TCL and Hisense, higher-end sets (the 6- and 8-series TVs from TCL, and 8-series sets from Hisense) have done very well in our tests, offering a lot of bang for the buck in terms of both picture quality and high dynamic range (HDR) experience. TCL’s higher average price is due to its top-tier sets having newer technologies (Mini LED, 8K resolution), plus a push into very large screen sizes. The company also offers many low-priced sets that haven’t done as well, lowering the brand’s Overall Score. Vizio sets have done well for overall picture quality across the board, though they generally fall behind a bit when it comes to HDR.

This has become a popular screen size for people looking for a large TV. And you’ll see that LG, Samsung, and Sony top the list in average Overall Score and average price here, as well. One reason for the fine showing by both LG and Sony is they offer OLED TVs that have consistently been at the top of our ratings. Samsung’s top QLED (and Neo QLED) TVs have also done very well in our ratings, and the best of those sets now rival OLED TVs in performance. All these sets tend to be pricy.

In this size category, we again see much greater differences in pricing between the least and most expensive sets from major brands than from smaller players. For example, there’s a $600 difference between the cheapest ($400) and priciest ($1,000) 65-inch Hisense TVs in our current ratings. With Samsung and Sony, that difference is a whopping $2,400. One reason for Samsung’s large spread is the debut of itsfirst QD OLED TV ($3,000), which is now in our ratings (though it arrived too late this year for our statistical analysis). Sony TVs tend to be expensive in part because the company offers several OLED TVs, which tend to cost more, and because it stopped making lower-end LED/LCD sets. (See the best 65-inch TVs under $1,000.)

If you’re shopping for a 55- to 60-inch set, you’ll see a particularly wide range of prices and brands. That’s because some TVs this size are relatively bare-bones when it comes to features, while others come loaded with lots of features. These can include 120Hz refresh rates, full-array LED backlights with local dimming, more effective HDR performance, and special gaming features, such as low-latency modes and variable refresh rates.

Average prices go from a low of $342 (for Toshiba, which makes Fire TV Edition sets sold at Amazon and Best Buy) to a high of $1,034 (Sony’s average). As we note above, Sony focuses on higher-priced sets, and both Sony and LG’s average prices are pulled up by their OLED sets—these TVs can look great, but they tend to cost more than all but the very best LED/LCD models.

Two years ago, Vizio began offering OLED TVs, but that hasn’t yet had a big impact on its average price, because the majority of its sales are still less expensive LED/LCD TVs.

Of these three brands, LG sets seem particularly attractive, with a high Overall Score and an average price below these two other brands’ average prices. In last year’s analysis, however, LG’s average price was much closer to the lower-tier brands’. This could be in part because of LG offering 48-inch OLED TVs. This year, there’s a bigger price spread between the major and secondary brands. That could be because major brands tend to adopt the newest technologies first.

Shopping for a new TV ? Or, maybe you"re moving into a new place, and you need TVs for the living room or bedroom? Perhaps you"re upgrading your home theater? Before you decide which TV is the best buy for you, do some research. Learn about the latest technologies, features and benefits, from dolby vision to roku smart tv to QLED and more. Think about practical considerations including screen size, picture quality, and where you"ll place your TV -- will it be a wall mounted flat screen in the bedroom or a freestanding smart TV in the living room? Once you identify what you"re looking for, it"ll be easier to find the best TV set for you. The TV experts at Sam"s Club are here to help you decide which TVs will work with your current setup as well as which ones have the special features you"re most interested in. Continue reading to learn more about the full array of best TVs available at Sam"s Club from top rated brands like Philips, Samsung, Sony, and Vizio And, be sure to check out the

Although similarly named, LED TVs and OLED TVs differ in terms of pixel illumination technology. Each pixel on an OLED TV screen is individually lit, boosting the screen"s refresh rate, contrast and color reproduction. On the other hand, the pixels on LED TV screens are backlit by a primary light source and render a brighter screen. When it comes to resolution, you can find both LED and OLED TV in 4K, so the resolution will be top-notch either way.

Quantum Dot + HDR TVs are similar to LED-backlit LCD TVs, but Quantum Dot TV screens are backlit by blue LEDs, rather than white LEDs. Blue LEDs convert light into highly saturated primary colors, which makes an impressive difference when it comes to hue and color gamut. You"ll enjoy brilliant imagery and vivid luminosity.

TFT LCD is a mature technology. OLED is a relatively new display technology, being used in more and more applications. As for Micro LED, it is a new generation technology with very promising future. Followings are the pros and cons of each display technology.

TFT Liquid Crystal Display is widely used these days. Since LCD itself doesn"t emit light. TFT LCD relies on white LED backlight to show content. This is an explanation of how TFT LCD works.

Relatively lower contrast：Light needs to pass through LCD glasses, liquid crystal layer, polarizers and color filters. Over 90% is lost. Also, LCD can not display pure black.

Organic Light-Emitting Diode is built from an electro-luminescent layer that contains organic compounds, which emit light in response to an electric current. There are two types of OLED, Passive Matrix OLED (PMOLED) and Active Matrix OLED (AMOLED). These driving methods are similar to LCD"s. PMOLED is controlled sequentially using a matrix addressing scheme, m + n control signals are required to address a m x n display. AMOLED uses a TFT backplane that can switch individual pixels on and off.

Low power consumption and flexible: OLED doesn"t rely on backlight and consumes less power. OLED is essentially created on plastic film. It is bendable and easy to process.

High contrast and vivid color: OLED emits light itself, can produce very bright image with beautiful color. And because OLED can be turned off, it can produce true black.

Stroboscopic effect: most OLED screen uses PWM dimming technology. Some people who are easy perceive stroboscopic frequency may have sore eyes and tears.

​Micro LED, sometimes called μLED is made up of tiny LED, measure less than 100μm. Another way of looking at this is that MicroLEDs are simply traditional LEDs shrunk down and placed into an array.

Replacing organic material with inorganic GaN material eliminates the need of polarizing and encapsulation layer, found in OLED. Micro LED is smaller and thinner, consumes less power.

Two of the main contenders for display technologies that are widely available are AMOLED and LCD. Here in this article, we will be comprising AMOLED vs LCD and find out which one is better for you.

Starting with the AMOLED first, it is a part of the OLED display technology but with some more advanced features. To completely know about it must understand its all three components. The first one is LED, “Light Emitting Diode”. Then we have “O” which stands for organic and makes the OLED.

It actually means that organic material is placed with two conductors in each LED, which helps to produce the light. And the “AM” in AMOLED means Active Matrix, it has the capability to increase the quality of a pixel.

The AMOLED display is similar to the OLED in various factors like high brightness and sharpness, better battery life, colour reproduction, etc. AMOLED display also has a thin film transistor, “TFT” that is attached to each LED with a capacitor.

TFT helps to operate all the pixels in an AMOLED display. This display might have a lot of positives but there are a few negatives too let’s point both of them out.

It comes with individual LEDs so, the pixels can be turned on and off individually. This will show you true black colours, as the pixels on the black part of the image will be turned off.

Low outdoor visibility, usually the AMOLED Displays are quote not bright in direct sunlight and outdoor readability could be a problem for some devices but average screen brightness.

The LCD stands for “Liquid Crystal Display”, and this display produces colours a lot differently than AMOLED. LCD display uses a dedicated backlight for the light source rather than using individual LED components.

The LCD displays function pretty simply, a series of thin films, transparent mirrors, and some white LED lights that distributes lights across the back of the display.

As we have mentioned, an LCD display always requires a backlight and also a colour filter. The backlight must have to pass through a thin film transistor matrix and a polarizer. So, when you see it, the whole screen will be lit and only a fraction of light gets through. This is the key difference comparing AMOLED vs LCD and this is what differentiates these two display technologies.

The LCD displays are cheaper compared to the AMOLED as there is only one source of light which makes it easier to produce. Most budget smartphones also use LCD displays.

LCD displays have bright whites, the backlight emits lots of light through pixels which makes it easy to read in outdoors. It also shows the “Accurate True to Life” colours, which means it has the colours that reflect the objects of the real world more accurately than others.

LCDs also offer the best viewing angle. Although it may depend on the smartphone you have. But most high-quality LCD displays support great viewing angles without any colour distortion or colour shifting.

The LCD displays can never show the deep blacks like AMOLED. Due to the single backlight, it always has to illuminate the screen making it impossible to show the deep blacks.

The LCDs are also thicker than other displays because of the backlight as it needs more volume. So, LCD smartphones are mostly thicker than AMOLED ones.

Let’s start with the pricing. Most AMOLED display smartphones always cost more than an LCD smartphone. Although the trend is changing a bit. But still, if you want to get a good quality AMOLED display you have to go for the flagship devices.

The colors are also very sharp and vibrant with the AMOLED displays. And they look much better than any LCD display. The brightness is something where LCDs stood ahead of the AMOLED display. So using an LCD display outdoors gives much better results.

The last thing is battery consumption, and there is no one near the AMOLED displays in terms of battery. As of now, all smartphones feature a Dark Mode and most of the apps and UI are dark black with a black background. This dark UI on smartphones doesn’t require any other light, it gives the AMOLED displays a boost in battery performance.

Looking at all these factors and comparing AMOLED vs LCD displays, the AMOLED displays are certainly better than the LCDs. Also, the big display OEMs, like Samsung and LG are focusing more the OLED technologies for their future projects. So, it makes sense to look out for AMOLED displays. That being said, if we see further enhancements in the LCD technology in terms of battery efficiency and more, there is no point to cancel them at this moment.

We all are familiar with the computer monitors. We spend time sitting in front of them for hours working, gaming or watching movies. A monitor is used to display the output of any computer system. A good display makes all the difference and no doubt enhances the user experience. The innovation in the display technologies has improved the quality of the display devices including monitors. Now the desktop computers are available with a variety of displays ranging from technologically obsolete CRT monitors to latest slim LCD, LED or OLED monitors.

In the 90s the LCD monitors came in the scene and gradually started competing with the CRT monitors. By the end of the 20th century, the CRT era was declining with the increasing popularity of Liquid Crystal Technology (LCD). This technology produces sharper images than the CRT monitors and the LCD monitors are significantly thinner having lower radiation emissions.

Few years’ back, LED displays came in the scene and they are gradually making its space in the market. LED technology has various advantages over LCD technology like better image quality, low power consumption, etc.

Since the beginning of computer era, there have been a number of technologies used for the display of output. The major technologies are CRT, LCD, Plasma, LED and OLED displays.

signals through a cable and the signal is decoded by the display controller which finally appears on a phosphor screen. The detailed working is as following:

As shown in the image CRTs have a conical shape and there is an electron gun or cathode ray gun at the back end of the monitor and a phosphor screen in the front. The electron gun fires a stream of electrons towards the display screen through a vacuum tube. This stream of electrons is also known as cathode rays. At the middle of the monitor, there are magnetic anodes which are magnetized in accordance with the instruction from the display controller. When electrons (cathode rays) pass through the magnetic anodes, they are pushed or pulled in one direction or other depending on the magnetic field on the anodes. This directs the electrons towards the correct part of phosphor coating inside the display glass. When electrons strikes the phosphor coated screen passing through a mesh (shadow mask or aperture grill), the phosphor lights up making a displayable dot on the computer screen. There are three different colored phosphors (Red, Green and Blue) for each pixel and the color of the pixel depends on the phosphor on which the electrons strike.

currently. LCD monitors are lightweight, compact, occupy less space, consume low power and are available in a reasonable price. Currently there are two types of LCD technology in use – Active matrix LCD technology or TFT and Passive matrix technology. The TFT technology is more reliable with better image quality while the passive matrix technology has a slower response and gradually becoming outdated.

As the name indicates, liquid crystals are the key elements of the display screen. By manipulating the crystal we can change the way they interacts with the light. There is a display controller in the monitor which receives the display signals from the video adaptor in the motherboard. The display controller controls two things – the electric signals to the liquid crystals and the back light. Structure of an LCD is shown in the below images (Also see how LCD works).

The liquid crystals used in the LCD are Twisted Nemantic (TN), a type of liquid crystals that are twisted at 90owith the surface. In this state, crystals allow the light to pass through the polarizer but on applying a voltage, they get untwisted and block the light to passing through the polarizer. The display controller starts the backlight that passes through the first piece of the glass. At the same time the display controller also send the electrical currents to the liquid crystal molecules to align and allowing the varying level of light to pass through the second piece of glass, forming the desired picture on the screen. In color monitors, each pixel is made of three liquid crystal cells fronted with red, green and blue filters. The light passing through the filtered screen forms the color what you see on the monitor. A wide range of colors are formed by varying the intensity of colored pixels.

In the below video Bill Hammack explains how a TFT monitor works, how it uses liquid crystals, thin film transistors and polarizers to display information.

In this field. LED monitors use light emitting diodes that acts as a performance booster in the monitors. Basically LED monitors are the LCD monitors with a LED backlight to power up the LCD panel. It means that LEDs are placed behind or around the LCD panel to enhance the luminosity and video definition of the monitor screen.

As we have seen in the above section of LCD monitors, they use a cold cathode light as backlight. In the LED monitors all the concepts are same except this backlight, which is replaced by LEDs.

There are three different types of LED monitors available based on the manner how the diodes are arranges in the monitor. These are – Direct LEDs, Edge LEDs and RGB LEDs. Both Edge and Direct LED display monitors use white diodes that are used to illuminate the LCD panel to produce the improved picture quality. The arrangement of LEDs in the monitor is shown in the below image:

In the Direct LEDs display, white diodes are placed all over the panel to produce higher quality image while the Edge LEDs display uses LEDs only on the borders of the LCD panel. Direct LEDs are generally used in the production of high definition TV whereas the Edge LEDs is mainly used in the production of computer screens. RGB LEDs display is better among the three types of LED monitors as it uses red, green and blue diodes to produce the lifelike images with amazing contrast ratio.

Both types of monitors work on the same technology. LED monitors are LCD monitors with replaced cold cathode backlight to LED backlight. Here are the differences that make the LED displays better than the LCDs

Contrast and Black level of the LED screen is better than the LCD screens because the liquid crystals cannot stop 100% of the backlight from cold cathode backlight and hence when the black screen is to be shown on the monitor, it is not completely black (as shown in the below image). But Edge LED screens perfectly show the black screen as there is no backlight at all.

There are millions of tiny cells filled with the gas like xenon and neon. They are positioned between two plates of glass known as front plate glass and rear plate glass. Two transparent electrodes covered by an insulating dielectric material and a magnesium oxide protective layer are also sandwiched between the glass plates on both sides of the cells on the entire screen.

are some organic material (containing carbon, like wood, plastic or polymers.) that is used to convert the electric current into light. Since the LEDs are capable of producing different colored light, they are directly used to produce the correct color and there is no need of a backlight which saves power and space. With fast response time, wide viewing angles, outstanding contrast levels and perfect brightness, OLED displays are surely better than the existing other display technologies.

The heart of the OLED display is a stack of thin organic layers which is sandwiched between two conductors – a transparent anode and a metallic cathode, which in turn are sandwiched between two glass plates known as seal and substrate. The organic layer consists of a hole-injection layer, a hole-transport layer, an emissive layer and an electron-transport layer. When an appropriate voltage is applied, an electric current flows from cathode to anode through the organic layers. The cathode give electrons to the emissive layer of organic molecules while the anode takes equivalent electrons from the conducting layer of organic molecules. At the boundary of emissive and conductive layers, electrons and the holes are gathered. Here electrons are recombined with the holes by releasing energy in the form of photon of light. Hence the organic layer emits the light to produce the display. The color of the light depends on the type of organic molecules while the brightness depends on the amount of the current applied. By maximizing the recombination process in the emissive layer the output light can be improved in OLED devices. Thus the emissive layer is slightly doped with highly fluorescent molecules to enhance the electro-luminescent efficiency and control of color.

·Comparing it with the LCD devices, OLED displays can be viewed from different angles as they are “emissive” devices i.e. they emit light rather than modulating transmitted or reflected light.

It"s fair to say that Philips had an excellent year in 2020, taking home two What Hi-Fi? TV Awards for its OLED805 model and receiving 5 stars for its ultra-premium OLED984 collaboration with B&W. The company is clearly keen to build on this momentum in 2021 with its recently announced flagship OLED+ TVs (the 986 and 936) to go with the OLEDs and new MiniLEDs launched at the beginning of the year.

We"ll start by outlining the new technology and features that Philips has introduced this year, before getting into the details of specific models, but it"s worth saying now that you"ll be able to identify the 2021 models by the "6" at the end of their designation – e.g. 2021"s OLED806 replaces 2020"s OLED805.

2021 is undoubtedly the year of MiniLED, with every major manufacturer – including Samsung, LG and TCL – announcing a new range of TVs that uses the new technology.

If you want chapter and verse, please do check out our complete MiniLED explainer, but the short version is that MiniLED is a new backlight technology that uses LEDs that are – you guessed it – significantly smaller than those used before. This allows far more of them to be crammed in, increasing the number of individual dimming zones and therefore improving contrast.

Philips" new MiniLED models, of which there are two, boast 1000 of these dimming zones, which is vastly more than the number of a typical LCD panel. Of course, we"re not talking about OLED degrees of close contrast control (every one of an OLED"s pixels can be individually lit or dimmed), but MiniLEDs can go far brighter than OLED models – Philips is claiming a 2000-nit peak brightness figure for its top MiniLED model, whereas even the brightest OLEDs tap-out at less than half of that.

Other than the underlying panel technology, Philips" new MiniLED models seem to match their OLED siblings, so it will be fascinating to see which TVs deliver the best overall performance when we test them later in the year.

One thing Philips" otherwise excellent 2020 OLEDs were lacking was HDMI 2.1 features, but the company appears to be determined to not be left behind in 2021.

All of its new OLED and MiniLED models have two full-speed (48gbps) HDMI 2.1 connections, and the sets support 4K@120Hz (also known as HFR), VRR (Variable Refresh Rate), ALLM (Auto Low Latency Mode) and eARC (Enhanced Audio Return Channel), all of which will be big news for gamers in particular.

The new OLED models also get a version of the anti-burn-in functionality first seen on the OLED935. This intelligently identifies and dims the intensity of static logos in order to extend the life of the panel.

That said, there"s no reason to be majorly alarmed: while Google TV is an improvement over Android TV in terms of usability, its feature set is more or less the same. What"s more, it essentially goes on top of Android TV 10, so there"s no reason that Philips couldn"t make it available as a software update if its TVs don"t launch with it pre-installed.

OLED+ is not a different panel technology. Instead this is Philips"s way of indicating that this OLED TV has their very top picture performance for the year. It"s based on the best OLED display tech around right now and is backed by a dual-chip version of the Philips P5 processor. That means the very best possible AI that Philips can muster. In real terms, the aim is for better 4K upscaling, motion processing, colour handing and anti-burn-in tech.

The OLED+986 is what Philips describes as a statement TV. It comes in just one size. It"s a seriously premium build of all glass and metal, where possible, with a Bowers & Wilkins three-speaker sound system built into the floorstand. It"s also possible to wallmount this set-up.

There are no upward-firing drivers for the Dolby Atmos audio but this is still very much positioned as the best AV solution and involves the top B&W TV sound on the market. The soundbar is built more like three individual speakers. The enclosures are isolated and feature decoupled tweeters (in the case of the right and left drivers) or the trademark "tweeter-on-top" set up for the middle.

This time there"s a 3.1.2ch Dolby Atmos soundbar strapped onto the stand which makes for a very tidy flagship OLED TV solution indeed. It comes in 48in, 55in and 65in sizes and the satisfaction that each time the soundbar has been tuned to make sure that the audio sounds as if it"s coming from the centre of the screen.

It"s also worth noting that the 986 and 936 come with the top version of the anti-burn-in tech. It uses a grid of over 30,000 zones to detect any static images and reduce their on-screen intensity. You can read more about it in our Philips OLED+936 hands-on.

While listed as two separate models, this OLED856 and the OLED806 below are essentially the same TV except for the stand: the OLED856 has a T-bar pedestal while the OLED806 gets dainty little feet. The OLED856 is also available in fewer sizes than the OLED806, and will likely be available through fewer retailers.

As mentioned above, this is essentially the same TV as the OLED856, but with dainty feet instead of a pedestal stand. Crucially, though, this OLED806 will be more widely available and can be bought in 48-inch and 77-inch sizes, as well as the more typical 55-inch and 65-inch versions.

It seems that we"re not supposed to know about the OLED706: it"s not due to hit shops until September and was included in Philips" range breakdown in error. Assuming that the listed specs are correct, this appears to be an OLED806 with one fewer side of Ambilight, and could therefore be an appealing, more affordable option for those who aren"t wall-mounting. More on this one as we get it.

The higher-end of Philips" two new MiniLED models has the same processor, HDMI 2.1 features and four-sided Ambilight as its OLED856/806 siblings, but trades the OLED panel for an LCD screen with a 1000-zone, 2000-nit backlight. It"s got a more powerful sound system, too.

The Philips 9506 is essentially the 9636 with peak brightness downgraded slightly to 1500nits. That"s still vastly brighter than any OLEDs can manage, so this could still be a very enticing TV if the price is right.

The 9206 is where the MiniLEDs end and the traditional LEDs return. This is the top standard LCD model in Philips" 2021 range, and as such has that lovely four-sided Ambilight and the HDMI 2.1 sockets. It"s got a lesser version of the P5 processor, though.

You can go ahead with a basic monitor if you only need it to get you through the day and help you send emails, post on social networks, surf the web, pay bills, watch films, and so on. For these uses, adequate-size screens with full HD displays are easily available. Heavy games demand displays with high resolution, a good response time, a fast refresh rate, and a wide viewing angle of up to 178 degrees or more. And, if you are a gaming enthusiast, you can search for AMD FreeSync or NVIDIA G-Sync technology for an engrossing gaming experience. Some gamers also search for two gaming monitors or a truly widescreen display to enjoy an enhanced view. For photographers, graphic designers, animators, coders, and other multimedia specialists, widescreen displays with Full HD or Quad HD resolution can be suitable. The IPS panel and other display technologies provide wide viewing angles and excellent colour accuracy. You will also need to think about response time, mounts, stands, and so on for an improved viewing experience. If you want to buy this device for work, such as working on spreadsheets or collaborating with coworkers, an LED or IPS display with Full HD resolution will be ideal.