dcom 15 tft lcd pricelist

Fig. 2 is the hardware environment Organization Chart of expression according to the computing machine of the embodiment of the invention, provide the succinct and common computer hardware and the operating environment that can allow the present invention implement according to this to describe, under this environment, computing machine 21,22,24 and 25 is connected to the embodiment that can implement data archiving management systems of the present invention and method.The hardware environment of Fig. 2 comprises processing unit 11, storer 12, storage device 13, input media 14, output and adorns 15 and communication device 16.Based on Van Neumann framework (Von Neumann architecture), processing unit 11 is by bus 17 connected storages 12, storage device 13, input media 14, output unit 15 and communication device 16.Perhaps there is unique or a plurality of processing unit 11 in it, causes the processor of computing machine to comprise a single CPU (central processing unit) (central-processing unit; CPU), a microprocessing unit (MPU) or pass are connected in a plurality of processing units of parallel computing environment (parallel processing environment).Storer 12 is dynamic ram (RAM) under preferable situation, but also can comprise ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) or flash memory (flash ROM).Storer 12 stores under preferable situation and can carry out data filing management functional programs module by processing unit 11.Generally speaking, program module comprises Chang Xu (routines), program (program), object (object), element (component) etc., in order to carry out specific function or the real specific abstract data kenel (abstract data type) of doing.In addition, those skilled in the art also can be with the invention process on other computer system sample attitudes (configuration), for example, portable equipment (hand-held devices), multicomputer system, consumption electronic products (microprocessor-based or programmable consumerelectronics), network computer, mini-computer, mainframe and similar equipment based on microprocessor or programmable.The present invention can also be implemented on distributing computing environment, and it is performed that its computing work is connected in the remote processor equipment of communication network by one.In the distributing environment, program module can be present in this locality and the far-end storage device simultaneously based on the remote access framework, and the remote access framework comprises distributing component object model (DCOM), CORBA (CORBA), webpage element (Web objects), network service (WebServices) or other similar frameworks.Storage device 13 can be a hard disk unit, magnetic devices, optical disc apparatus, portable memory device or non-volatile memory devices (nonvolatile memory drive).These devices with and relevant computer-readable medium (computer-readable medium) the non volatile storage space (nonvolatile storage) of computer-readable instruction fetch, data structure, program module, data brief introduction and filing data is provided.Processing unit 11 sees through input media 14 reception program modules from storer 12 or via operating personnel, in order to carry out data filing management function.Storage device 13 can comprise data base management system (DBMS), library of object management system, file management system or the like, in order to store various data.

Manufacturing execution system 24 can be one and integrates computer system, method and the board of representative in order to finish manufacturing.For example, the main function of manufacturing execution system 24 comprises that instant collection manufacturing data, tissue and storage manufacturing data to the database that focuses on, work scheduling managed, the manufacturing board is managed and processing procedure is managed.(The Grid Description Section, GDS) file also can be stored to the database that focuses in the grid description zone that is provided by the client.The manufacturing execution system of example comprises Promis (the Brooks Automation company manufacturing in U.S. fiber crops state), Workstream (Applied Materials"s manufacturing of California, USA), Poseidon (International Business Machine Corporation"s manufacturing of New York, United States) and Mirl-MES (the mechanical industry research department manufacturing of TaiWan, China).Each manufacturing execution system can be applicable to different field, for example, the application of Mirl-MES involves encapsulation, liquid crystal display (liquid crystal displays, LCDs) with printed circuit board (PCB) (printed circuit boards, PCBs), Promis, Workstream and Poseidon then use in integrated circuit manufacturing and membrane transistor liquid crystal display (thin film transistor LCD, application such as TFT-LCD).Suchlike manufacturing data can be passed to filing system 22 in order to filing.

The TFT-LCD (Flat Panel) Antitrust Litigationclass-action lawsuit regarding the worldwide conspiracy to coordinate the prices of Thin-Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) panels, which are used to make laptop computers, computer monitors and televisions, between 1999 and 2006. In March 2010, Judge Susan Illston certified two nationwide classes of persons and entities that directly and indirectly purchased TFT-LCDs – for panel purchasers and purchasers of TFT-LCD integrated products; the litigation was followed by multiple suits.

TFT-LCDs are used in flat-panel televisions, laptop and computer monitors, mobile phones, personal digital assistants, semiconductors and other devices;

In mid-2006, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) Antitrust Division requested FBI assistance in investigating LCD price-fixing. In December 2006, authorities in Japan, Korea, the European Union and the United States revealed a probe into alleged anti-competitive activity among LCD panel manufacturers.

The companies involved, which later became the Defendants, were Taiwanese companies AU Optronics (AUO), Chi Mei, Chunghwa Picture Tubes (Chunghwa), and HannStar; Korean companies LG Display and Samsung; and Japanese companies Hitachi, Sharp and Toshiba.cartel which took place between January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2006, and which was designed to illegally reduce competition and thus inflate prices for LCD panels. The companies exchanged information on future production planning, capacity use, pricing and other commercial conditions.European Commission concluded that the companies were aware they were violating competition rules, and took steps to conceal the venue and results of the meetings; a document by the conspirators requested everybody involved "to take care of security/confidentiality matters and to limit written communication".

Companies directly affected by the LCD price-fixing conspiracy, as direct victims of the cartel, were some of the largest computer, television and cellular telephone manufacturers in the world. These direct action plaintiffs included AT&T Mobility, Best Buy,Costco Wholesale Corporation, Good Guys, Kmart Corp, Motorola Mobility, Newegg, Sears, and Target Corp.Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. § 26) to prevent Defendants from violating Section 1 of the Sherman Act (15 U.S.C. § 1), as well as (b) 23 separate state-wide classes based on each state"s antitrust/consumer protection class action law.

In November 2008, LG, Chunghwa, Hitachi, Epson, and Chi Mei pleaded guilty to criminal charges of fixing prices of TFT-LCD panels sold in the U.S. and agreed to pay criminal fines (see chart).

The South Korea Fair Trade Commission launched legal proceedings as well. It concluded that the companies involved met more than once a month and more than 200 times from September 2001 to December 2006, and imposed fines on the LCD manufacturers.

Sharp Corp. pleaded guilty to three separate conspiracies to fix the prices of TFT-LCD panels sold to Dell Inc., Apple Computer Inc. and Motorola Inc., and was sentenced to pay a $120 million criminal fine,

Seven executives from Japanese and South Korean LCD companies were indicted in the U.S. Four were charged with participating as co-conspirators in the conspiracy and sentenced to prison terms – including LG"s Vice President of Monitor Sales, Chunghwa"s chairman, its chief executive officer, and its Vice President of LCD Sales – for "participating in meetings, conversations and communications in Taiwan, South Korea and the United States to discuss the prices of TFT-LCD panels; agreeing during these meetings, conversations and communications to charge prices of TFT-LCD panels at certain predetermined levels; issuing price quotations in accordance with the agreements reached; exchanging information on sales of TFT-LCD panels for the purpose of monitoring and enforcing adherence to the agreed-upon prices; and authorizing, ordering and consenting to the participation of subordinate employees in the conspiracy."

On December 8, 2010, the European Commission announced it had fined six of the LCD companies involved in a total of €648 million (Samsung Electronics received full immunity under the commission"s 2002 Leniency Notice) – LG Display, AU Optronics, Chimei, Chunghwa Picture and HannStar Display Corporation.

On July 3, 2012, a U.S. federal jury ruled that the remaining defendant, Toshiba Corporation, which denied any wrongdoing, participated in the conspiracy to fix prices of TFT-LCDs and returned a verdict in favor of the plaintiff class. Following the trial, Toshiba agreed to resolve the case by paying the class $30 million.