large display screens india free sample

Not only do the best large format displays you"ll find on this page help you display adverts and branding for your company, they can be used to display information for your customers, and this can be especially important if that information changes regularly, which makes large format displays a wiser investment than traditional printed posters.

So what are large format displays? They aren"t just super-sized monitors, but high definition displays that range from 32-inches to over 100-inches, and they often have super-thin bezels that surround the screens. This allows single LFDs to show off images, footage and more without wasting any space, and it also allows you to link together multiple LFDs to create one super-large display as well.

Most of the best large format displays aren"t cheap, but they offer a premium experience that brings out the best of content thanks to dazzling panels, a wide range of connectivity options and useful integrated online services.

We picked out the best large format displays for companies that won’t want to compromise, and for those that do, we’ve also thrown in a few budget or two.

We"ve compared these large format displays on various points, from their resolution and size to their design and connectivity. We also examined their design, brightness, and color quality, and checked whether they featured touchscreen capabilities, among other things.

Spanning 85 inches, this mammoth large format display is pretty while also costing a pretty penny. It justifies its premium price tag as it uses the latest 8K screen tech, which flaunts four times the number of pixels as 4K and 16 times that of a regular 1080p TV.

This stunning display is optimized for professional display applications and uses Sony"s X1 Altimus image processor combined with 8K X-Reality PRO to display high-contrast HDR images packed with detail, rich color, and exceptional contrast.

Boasting a giant 98-inch display, this model opts for a more sensible 4K resolution rather than 8K, which lends it a greater degree of compatibility with content that’s out in the wild. Designed for use in control rooms or large training rooms where ultra-high definition is required, it is also compatible with a range of NEC solutions.

They include the company’s NEC MultiPresenter Stick, its wireless presentation solution for NEC Displays, and it also supports multiple simultaneous connections on Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.

If you are looking for a large format display that doubles down on image quality, this sizeable screen sports high color gamut coverage which makes it ideal for streaming video services.

The secret sauce here is its high dynamic range (or HDR), which expands the contrast ratio and color pallet to display a more realistic and natural image. With a maximum brightness of 400 nits, it is not going to blow you away, but it’s more than adequate for showing content in anything but the brightest of rooms.

LG has been making top-tier displays for years, many of which have appeared on smartphones and, more recently, virtual reality headsets. This 84-inch 4K large format carries over that quality to deliver high-contrast, true-to-life images.

The display totes high-color-gamut coverage, which combined with HDR is ideal for streaming a range of video services. The 84WS70B also packs impressive sound which can be fine-tuned for the environment, allowing you to choose from Standard, Music, Cinema, Sports and Games modes.

There aren"t many large format displays that have multitouch, which makes the NEC MultiSync E905 SST an interesting option. It"s hardly a small screen at 90-inches across the diagonal, but it can be interacted with up to 10 simultaneous touch points thanks to NEC’s ShadowSense technology. The setup is swift and simple with no need to install additional drivers.

An advanced optical position sensing technology, it uses high-performance sensors to provide high performance, stability, and accuracy. The display also sports an anti-reflective coating to reduce reflections to a minimum, which makes the content displayed on it easier to read. The enhanced filtering and special sensors ensure that there are no ghost touches even when using the display in super bright spaces.

Samsung’s QM85D is a large format display that sports an impressive 120Hz refresh rate, which makes movements across the display - whether that is dragging windows and other content or watching a video - appear much smoother while reducing stutter.

This model also packs UHD upscaling, which is useful for displaying full HD content in 4K. Another handy feature is the QM85D’s ability to divide the entire screen into four quadrants using PIP (Picture-in-Picture) mode, allowing you to share content from up to four different devices.

This ProLite model is a large format display with a sharp 4K resolution. It features a slim design with hardly any noticeable bezel, which allows content on its IPS LED panel to shine when combined with its exceptional colors and image performance.

More than a display, the BenQ CP8601K DuoBoard IFP is unlike any other meeting room display on the market. It features all the hardware and tools meeting participants need — HD video camera, speakers, a six-microphone array, video conferencing, and cloud-based screen sharing, annotation, and collaboration features — without hassling with separate, incompatible software and systems.

We queried Claire Mc Lin, Senior Product Manager for Enterprise Collaboration Solutions & Google Jamboard at BenQ America Corp, about the ubiquitous Interactive Flat Panel and how it differs from other large format display on the market.An interactive flat panel (IFP) is to the meeting place what the smart device is to everyday life: convenient, easy to use, and a veritable Swiss Army knife of capabilities. These displays are engineered to bring more interactivity and collaboration to meetings. Meetings joined from an IFP allow participants — whether they’re remote or in person— promote the smooth, unlimited exchange of ideas.

The appeal of these displays is that they parallel the ease at which people use smart devices such as a cell phone or a tablet, while providing a large enough picture to be visible to everyone. Leading models range from 55 inches up to 86 inches and feature up to 20 points of touch allowing more than one person to work at the screen simultaneously.

In addition, IFPs create dynamic, scalable collaboration onscreen with the ability to share multiple screens simultaneously; some brands permit as many as four screens to be presented at once. For work environments where more screen space is needed, some innovative panels can be mounted side-by-side and their work surfaces combined for twice the collaboration space.

IFPs are also designed with IT and technology management advantages. Centralized remote control and monitoring capabilities lower the cost of ownership and energy consumption. Updates that can be done over-the-air (OTA) are an efficient way to roll out new firmware and keep them running smoothly. What are IFPs? They’re the future of meetings and collaboration.How to choose the best large format displays for you?When selecting the best large format displays for you, you"ll want to keep the following factors in mind.

First, what display size do you want? You"ll want to keep in mind how much space you have to install the display, the viewing distance, and whether the display will make the space feel crammed.

Then, assess the display"s resolution. The higher the resolution, the better the overall picture quality, level of detail, and quality of immersion. Check what type of panel the display uses and how accurate the color reproduction is.

Make sure to examine the display"s brightness. If you"re going to use the display in a space with plenty of ambient light, then you want a distinctly bright display.

To test the best large format displays, we evaluated them across numerous aspects, from their display size and resolution to the brightness and connectivity ports.

We first checked how large the displays were and whether they offered Full HD, 4K, or 8K resolution. We assessed the contrast and color reproduction on the displays, along with the refresh rate.

We considered the display brightness to judge which ones would be best suited for bright, outdoor use. We also looked at the number and types of connectivity ports the displays had, their design, weight, panel type, and other features.

LG takes pride as the leading provider of innovative, flexible and feature-packed Commercial Display Products in the market. Boasting the cutting-edge features and modern design, LG Commercial Displays redefines a whole new way of delivering an ultimate viewing experience to enhance engagement with the audience. From Ultra UD OLED monitors for a digital signage network to hospitality TVs for in-room entertainment solutions, LG Commercial Displays offer a variety of display products to meet the demands of every business environment including:

Commercial TVs: Designed with industry-specific features to deliver customized content to entertain your clients. From advanced commercial LED TVs to affordable LG SuperSign TVs, explore our wide variety of options that will fit your display needs.

Digital Signage: Raise your sales with LG Digital Signage and discover our collection of LED Backlit Displays, DS Media Players, Stretch and Touch Screen Displays. Our digital signage displays are available in different sizes and specifications to match the requirements of your business.

Outdoor Displays: Engage with your audience with Open Frame, Window-Facing or LG MRI Displays featuring the latest technology in digital outdoor displays. Experience a revolutionary way to interact with your consumers in any outdoor environment.

Monitor & TV Accessories: Install your display TVs and monitors with genuine and easy-to-use TV wall mounts and stands for an enhanced viewing experience.

A medical display is a monitor that meets the high demands of medical imaging. Medical displays usually come with special image-enhancing technologies to ensure consistent brightness over the lifetime of the display, noise-free images, ergonomic reading and automated compliance with DICOM and other medical image quality standards.

A diagnostic display for radiology and/or mammography is used by radiologists to view diagnostic images, such as X-rays, MRIs, CT scans and more. These displays come with special tools and technologies to help radiologists make a swift and accurate diagnosis.

Digital mammography images require the highest resolution and brightest displays for review. Higher brightness can contribute to a bigger chance of finding microcalcifications, which could indicate presence of breast cancer.

Displays for digital pathology are designed especially for image viewing in pathology. For example, they offer color spaces that are adapted to digital slides, or fast refresh rates for smooth and clear images during panning or zooming. They deliver consistent, detailed images and their image quality doesn’t degrade over the years.

Medical displays for radiology, mammography and pathology require an advanced display controller that can faultlessly process the large, highly detailed files that come with medical imaging. They can handle intensive, long-term use, and process large images correctly and with minimal delay. In these ways, they can support the medical professional’s workflow. Furthermore, advanced display controllers can support technologies to better detect small details and work faster.

Surgical displays range from near-patient monitors to large-screen OR displays. Most surgical displays can be mounted onto surgical arms or booms, with cables neatly hidden, and the screen is usually scratch-resistant. They can also allow for easy cleaning and disinfection.

A dental display is a high-bright, medical monitor designed for viewing of dental images, such as X-rays of teeth, bone, nerves, and soft tissue. With dental displays, subtle abnormalities or concealed anatomical structures in the oral and maxillofacial regions become more visible, compared to consumer displays. This makes it easier for dentists to detect dental pathologies. Dental displays come in various shapes and forms, from cleanable review displays to high-end displays designed specifically for dental diagnosis.

You don’t always need a high-resolution diagnostic display in a clinical environment. You might be looking for a display you can use for various non-diagnostic activities, such as enabling easy access for clinical staff to electronic medical records, or medical images. Clinical review displays help you making medical information available across an enterprise, reliably and with consistent image quality. They can offer additional functionalities for use in medical environment, such as cleanable design that can stand alcohol cleaning agents. All our clinical review displays are DICOM-compliant.

Gain access to tools that bring your screens to life. Securely display dashboards. Create custom integrations using our GraphQL API. Connect 70+ apps and thousands of integrations you already use.

Unlocking your screen potential is more important now than ever, when hundreds of communication channels are competing for your audiences’ attention. Screens surface relevant, repeated, and real-time information to:

Planar® CarbonLight™ VX Series is comprised of carbon fiber-framed indoor LED video wall and floor displays with exceptional on-camera visual properties and deployment versatility, available in 1.9 and 2.6mm pixel pitch (wall) and 2.6mm (floor).

From cinema content to motion-based digital art, Planar® Luxe MicroLED Displays offer a way to enrich distinctive spaces. HDR support and superior dynamic range create vibrant, high-resolution canvases for creative expression and entertainment. Leading-edge MicroLED technology, design adaptability and the slimmest profiles ensure they seamlessly integrate with architectural elements and complement interior décor.

From cinema content to motion-based digital art, Planar® Luxe Displays offer a way to enrich distinctive spaces. These professional-grade displays provide vibrant, high-resolution canvases for creative expression and entertainment. Leading-edge technology, design adaptability and the slimmest profiles ensure they seamlessly integrate with architectural elements and complement interior decor.

From cinema content to motion-based digital art, Planar® Luxe MicroLED Displays offer a way to enrich distinctive spaces. HDR support and superior dynamic range create vibrant, high-resolution canvases for creative expression and entertainment. Leading-edge MicroLED technology, design adaptability and the slimmest profiles ensure they seamlessly integrate with architectural elements and complement interior décor.

Planar® CarbonLight™ VX Series is comprised of carbon fiber-framed indoor LED video wall and floor displays with exceptional on-camera visual properties and deployment versatility, available in 1.9 and 2.6mm pixel pitch (wall) and 2.6mm (floor).

Carbon fiber-framed indoor LED video wall and floor displays with exceptional on-camera visual properties and deployment versatility for various installations including virtual production and extended reality.

a line of extreme and ultra-narrow bezel LCD displays that provides a video wall solution for demanding requirements of 24x7 mission-critical applications and high ambient light environments

Since 1983, Planar display solutions have benefitted countless organizations in every application. Planar displays are usually front and center, dutifully delivering the visual experiences and critical information customers need, with proven technology that is built to withstand the rigors of constant use.

Anything a smart speaker can do, a smart display can (usually) do better. The screens and cameras (on some models) are a step above a cheap speaker or expensive tablet.

Smart displays can act as hubs for your smart home devices, like security cameras and bulbs, so you can control everything with your voice and quickly call up video feeds. And because they"re made to be displayed, you don"t have to get an extra stand—as you would if you wanted to use an iPad in this way, for example.

The biggest pro for me (Medea) is the ability to see and hear recipes when I"m getting my hands dirty in the kitchen. Before trying a smart display, I was scrolling through my phone with greasy fingers, continuously unlocking and locking it. Seeing the step-by-step instructions displayed prominently on the 10-inch screen of the Nest Hub Max in my kitchen is a step above what my smart speaker can do.

Better yet, if you connect your Google Photos account to Google-powered displays, you can cycle through your pictures and memories, like a slightly less sophisticated digital picture frame. (You can do this on Amazon"s smart displays too.)

The biggest con I found in almost all smart displays is the fact that they have to be plugged in. I"d love to be able to move my display around from room to room when I need to. If you think the same, and aren"t interested in buying a Portal from Facebook, take a gander at our favorite tablets.

A screen reader is an essential piece of software for a blind or visually impaired person. Simply put, a screen reader transmits whatever text is displayed on the computer screen into a form that a visually impaired user can process (usually tactile, auditory or a combination of both). While the most basic screen readers will not help blind users navigate a computer, those with additional features can give people with visual impairment much more independence.

Whilst most screen readers work by having a synthetic voice that reads text aloud, others can also communicate data via a refreshable braille display. Such screen readers make use of crystals that can expand when exposed to particular voltage levels (thanks to a phenomenon known as the Piezo Effect), allowing visually impaired users to use their fingers to read the text that is displayed on screen. But while screen-reading software can be affordable, such hardware is usually very expensive.

BRLTTY is a background process (daemon) which provides access to the Linux/Unix console (when in text mode) for a blind person using a refreshable braille display. It drives the braille display, and provides complete screen review functionality. Some speech capability has also been incorporated.

Google ChromeVis is a Google Chrome extension that magnifies any selected text on a webpage. The magnified text is displayed inside of a separate lens and preserves the original page layout. Users can change both the lens textcolorand the lens background color.

Such software is essential for blind users to read the content of web pages or communicate with friends and colleagues. As more sophisticated software has been made available to a larger audience, people have begun turning their attention to developing leisure programs that are designed with accessibility in mind. For example, the website blindsoftware.com has an accessible mp3 player to download and a selection of games.

This guide is designed to help you figure out which monitor layout is best for you, whether that"s an additional secondary (or tertiary) screen, a larger monitor, or a less common monitor aspect ratio. We"ll help you find the best situation for your workflow, budget, and space constraints.

Do I need more vertical or horizontal space? This will help determine several things. First, if vertical space is vital, you can eliminate both ultrawide setups and multi-monitor setups that don"t include at least one portrait-mode display.

If maximum horizontal space is most important to you, then the ultrawide category is very likely your best bet from a cost and efficiency perspective. If you require a mix of both, then a hybrid landscape/portrait multi-monitor setup or a single big-screen display is your best bet.

How many monitors can my system support? It"s absolutely vital to investigate this before attempting any major changes to your monitor layout. If the answer for your system is one, you"re going to have to stick with either a single ultrawide or a single big-screen display, assuming your system can support 4K resolutions for the latter. If you have the option to connect multiple monitors, then your choices are far more varied.

Your best bet is to carefully go over the dimensions of your prospective displays (with and without stands) and see which would fit best within your available desk space.

How much will I need to spend on stands, mounts, or arms for my monitor(s)? Simply put, the larger or more creative your setup gets, the more likely it is you"ll need to buy aftermarket mounting options. Some of these can get quite pricey, especially if you"re looking for options with gas-assisted arms capable of moving the monitors attached to them vertically, as well horizontally. Even some wall mounts designed for 65-inch+ televisions can fail due to the massive leverage induced by the forward edges of their sharply curved display.

This is the easiest and usually the cheapest option for WFH warriors hoping to expand their available display space. In fact, many of us might even have an old monitor sitting around that we can add to an existing setup as a secondary display. A similar situation can also be accomplished by just using your laptop as a secondary display while shifting your primary display to a larger monitor, or by picking up an inexpensive portable monitor.

Even if you don"t have two similarly sized displays, a larger main display with a smaller secondary screen can be just as useful. Sure, aesthetically pleasing configurations with two perfectly matched monitors separated by tiny bezels might be ideal, but don"t let a vain desire for such a thing stop you from enjoying whichever version of a dual monitor setup would work best for your budget.

While the most obvious setup that comes to mind might be a simple side-by-side configuration with both monitors in traditional landscape orientation, don"t discount the possibility of putting one of those monitors in a "portrait" format, where its longest dimension is its height. This may add a bit of difficulty if your display"s built-in stand doesn"t support rotation, but it"s well worth the extra cost of an inexpensive desk mount, wall mount, or replacement stand for the right user.

That additional vertical space can be incredibly useful for everything from seeing a larger segment of your Spotify playlist, to being able to read entire press releases or articles at once without scrolling, to just stacking two smaller windows vertically. In a world where so much content is produced to be displayed on tall, narrow smartphone screens, you may be shocked at how much better the formatting looks on some of your favorite apps and sites as well.

Requires probably the most desk space of any option on this list aside from the largest big-screen displays or super ultrawide monitors covered below.

Triple-monitor displays obviously require more of an investment, both financially and in physical space. However, they provide some real-world benefits to the right worker beyond just additional desktop space. They also offer even more flexibility than dual-display setups thanks to the option to keep all three displays in landscape mode, or flip anywhere from one or all three of them into a portrait configuration. We"ll cover the simplest side-by-side-by-side configuration and more exotic options below.

Once again, those benefits follow the dual-monitor equivalent and expand upon them by adding a third display. Imagine keeping that spreadsheet or document on a primary display while your reference lives on your right display and your Slack chat stays on your left, all three instantly available at a glance.

Another popular orientation for triple monitor layouts is one in which a central display is used in landscape mode while two side displays are oriented in portrait mode. I"ve heard this called everything from a "Tie Fighter" layout (referencing the Star Wars ship"s vertical side-wing orientation) to the emoji-inspired "I=I layout" (mimicking its appearance), to a selection of other configuration names. While this setup (seen in the foreground of the image above) may not have a standardized name, I personally find it to be one of the most useful and versatile.

Like the dual-monitor examples with a vertical component, this layout supports a variety of workflows, offering both horizontal and vertical spaces for whichever aspect ratio best supports the window in question. Working on a long spreadsheet? Toss it on a side monitor in portrait mode. Creating a wide banner for your website? Use the central display in landscape.

Need more screen space? Get a bigger screen! It seems like an obvious answer to a common problem, but it wasn"t always as easy or affordable a solution as it is today. The expanding availability of 4K resolution monitors and televisions, as well as PCs powerful enough to run them, means that larger displays with pixel densities high enough to withstand the proximity most users need are more widely available than ever. Along the same lines, the prevalence of those displays has also pushed prices down to the point where a single 35-inch+ monitor can often be had for less than $500.

Pros Offers just as much screen real estate as some double or even triple-monitor displays, while maintaining the simplicity of a single-monitor solution.

Adds the possibility of using lower-cost 4K televisions as displays (although this does come with the caveat that not all TVs are able to go into standby if you like leaving your PC on at all times).

For those who get sweaty just thinking about using a window that wasn"t properly maximized and aligned, there are many, many window management options out there that can make a single, large display just as ideal for windows organization as several smaller displays. Windows and MacOS both include their own, basic window management features.

For Windows, it"s simply a matter of dragging the window you choose to an edge or corner and letting the operating system do the rest. For MacOS, a long-click or hover over the green full-screen button on the top left of your window will provide basic options to snap to the left or right side of your current display. It will even provide options to move the window over to compatible Apple devices, such as iPads, via the new MacOS/iOS Universal Control feature.

Ultrawide monitors are a category of typically curved display that takes the traditional 16:9 aspect ratio most of us are intimately familiar with from our televisions and stretches it width-wise to ratios like 21:9 or even 32:9 on some "super" ultrawide displays. These monitors have been around since long before the current upswell of big-screen setups, and were originally designed to be more immersive than multi-monitor displays by eliminating the associated bezels between screens in favor a single, wider monitor.

Like their big-screen counterparts, ultrawide monitors can require some additional windows management trickery, but generally not as much. This is due to the fact that the screen is being expanded only across the horizontal axis, as opposed to the horizontal andvertical expansion caused by using a large 16:9 display like those mentioned above.

Standard ultrawides (typically 21:9 models) can perform the same duties as a pair of side-by-side displays, while some super ultrawide models like Samsung"s Odyssey G9 lineup can actually replace a triple-display setups by forming nearly a half-circle of screen.

This reliance on horizontal space can make ultrawide displays less than ideal for the types of users who were excited by the earlier promises of long spreadsheets and press releases being visible all at once via extra vertical space. However, many users who never find themselves in need of so much Y-axis room see the ultrawide form factor as the perfect balance of convenience, immersion, and space-saving design.

Cupertino, California Apple today introduced Mac Studio and Studio Display, an entirely new Mac desktop and display designed to give users everything they need to build the studio of their dreams. A breakthrough in personal computing, Mac Studio is powered by M1 Max and the new M1 Ultra, the world’s most powerful chip for a personal computer. It is the first computer to deliver an unprecedented level of performance, an extensive array of connectivity, and completely new capabilities in an unbelievably compact design that sits within arm’s reach on the desk. With Mac Studio, users can do things that are not possible on any other desktop, such as rendering massive 3D environments and playing back 18 streams of ProRes video.1 Studio Display, the perfect complement to Mac Studio, also pairs beautifully with any Mac. It features an expansive 27-inch 5K Retina display, a 12MP Ultra Wide camera with Center Stage, and a high-fidelity six-speaker sound system with spatial audio. Together, Mac Studio and Studio Display transform any workspace into a creative powerhouse. They join Apple’s strongest, most powerful Mac lineup ever, and are available to order today, arriving to customers beginning Friday, March 18.

“We couldn’t be more excited to introduce an entirely new Mac desktop and display with Mac Studio and Studio Display,” said Greg Joswiak, Apple’s senior vice president of Worldwide Marketing. “Mac Studio ushers in a new era for the desktop with unbelievable performance powered by M1 Max and M1 Ultra, an array of connectivity, and a compact design that puts everything users need within easy reach. And Studio Display — with its stunning 5K Retina screen, along with the best combination of camera and audio ever in a desktop display — is in a class of its own.”

Built from a single aluminum extrusionwith a square footprint of just 7.7 inches and a height of only 3.7 inches, Mac Studio takes up very little space and fits perfectly under most displays. Mac Studio also features an innovative thermal design that enables an extraordinary amount of performance. The unique system of double-sided blowers, precisely placed airflow channels, and over 4,000 perforations on the back and bottom of the enclosure guide air through the internal components and help cool the high-performance chips. And because of the efficiency of Apple silicon, Mac Studio remains incredibly quiet, even under the heaviest workloads.

The compact design of Mac Studio puts an extensive array of essential connectivity within easy reach. On the back, Mac Studio includes four Thunderbolt 4 ports to connect displays and high-performance devices, a 10Gb Ethernet port, two USB-A ports, an HDMI port, and a pro audio jack for high-impedance headphones or external amplified speakers. Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth 5.0 are built in as well.

And because users frequently connect and disconnect devices, like portable storage, Mac Studio includes ports on the front for more convenient access. There are two USB-C ports, which on M1 Max supports 10Gb/s USB 3, and on M1 Ultra supports 40Gb/s Thunderbolt 4. There is also an SD card slot on the front to easily import photos and video. And Mac Studio provides extensive display support — up to four Pro Display XDRs, plus a 4K TV — driving nearly 90 million pixels.

The all-new Studio Display perfectly complements Mac Studio and also beautifully pairs with any Mac. In a class of its own, it features a gorgeous 27-inch 5K Retina screen, plus sensational camera and audio, delivering that integrated experience Mac users love.

Studio Display brings a stunning all-screen design with narrow borders and a refined, all-aluminum enclosure that houses an advanced set of features in a slim profile. Its built-in stand allows the user to tilt the display up to 30 degrees. To meet the needs of a variety of workspaces, Studio Display also offers a tilt- and height-adjustable stand option with a counterbalancing arm that makes the display feel weightless as it is adjusted. A VESA mount adapter option is also available, and supports landscape or portrait orientation for even more flexibility.

Studio Display features a 27-inch 5K Retina screen with over 14.7 million pixels. With 600 nits of brightness, P3 wide color, and support for over one billion colors, images come to life with spectacular detail. True Tone technology automatically adjusts the display’s color temperature as the environment changes for a more natural viewing experience. An industry-leading anti-reflective coating enables incredibly low reflectivity for better comfort and readability. And for workspaces with bright light sources, including sunlight, Studio Display offers an innovative nano-texture glass option. Nano-texture glass, first introduced on Pro Display XDR, scatters light to further minimize glare while delivering outstanding image quality.

Featuring the A13 Bionic chip, Studio Display delivers amazing experiences with its highly advanced camera and audio system. The ultimate video conferencing display, it includes a 12MP Ultra Wide camera with Center Stage, a feature that automatically keeps users centered in the frame as they move around for even more engaging video calls.

Studio Display also includes a studio-quality, three-microphone array with an especially low noise floor for crystal-clear calls and voice recordings. It also features a high-fidelity six-speaker sound system, the best ever created for Mac, delivering an unbelievable listening experience. Four force-cancelling woofers minimize distortion and produce bold, articulate bass, and two high-performance tweeters create accurate mids and crisp highs. The speakers also support spatial audio for music and video with Dolby Atmos, creating a truly cinematic viewing experience. Altogether, Studio Display has the best combination of camera and audio ever in a desktop display.

Studio Display has three USB-C ports that deliver speeds up to 10Gb/s to connect high-speed peripherals, storage, and networking right into the display. A Thunderbolt port enables users to connect Studio Display and any connected peripherals to their Mac with a single cable. The same cable also delivers 96W of power to a Mac notebook, allowing Studio Display to even fast-charge a 14-inch MacBook Pro. And up to three Studio Displays can be connected to MacBook Pro, creating a powerful edit bay or animation workspace.

To complement the design of Studio Display, there’s a new silver-and-black color option for Magic Keyboard with Touch ID, Magic Trackpad, and Magic Mouse that customers can purchase separately.

Mac Studio and Studio Display were designed to minimize their environmental impact. Mac Studio uses far less energy than competitors to deliver its extraordinary performance. For example, over the course of a year, Mac Studio will use up to 1,000 kilowatt-hours less energy than a high-end PC desktop.6Both Mac Studio and Studio Display use 100 percent recycled rare earth elements in all magnets and recycled tin in the solder of the main logic board — as well as recycled aluminum and plastic in various components. Both products also meet Apple’s high standards for energy efficiency, are free of numerous harmful substances, and use wood fiber in the packaging that comes from recycled sources or responsibly managed forests.

The new Mac Studio and Studio Display are available to order today on apple.com/store and in the Apple Store app. They will begin arriving to customers, and will be in select Apple Store locations and Apple Authorized Resellers, beginning Friday, March 18.

Studio Display is $1,599 (US), and $1,499 (US) for education. Additional technical specifications, including nano-texture glass and a choice of stand options, are available at apple.com/store.

Supports Arabic (World), Basque, Bangla (India), Bhojpuri (India), Bulgarian, Cantonese (Hong Kong), Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch (Belgium, Netherlands), English (Australia, India, Ireland, Scotland, South Africa, UK, U.S.), Farsi, Finnish, French (Belgium, Canada, France), Galician, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kannada, Korean, Malay, Mandarin (China mainland, Taiwan, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan), Marathi, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil, Portugal), Romanian, Russian, Shanghainese (China mainland), Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish (Argentina), Spanish (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Spain), Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Valencian, and Vietnamese.

Available on iPhone and iPad with A12 Bionic and later. Requires download of speech models. Available in Arabic (Saudi Arabia), Cantonese (China mainland, Hong Kong), English (Australia, Canada, India, Singapore, UK, U.S.), French (France), German (Germany), Italian (Italy), Japanese (Japan), Korean (South Korea), Mandarin Chinese (China mainland, Taiwan), Russian (Russia), Spanish (Mexico, Spain, U.S.), and Turkish (Turkey).

Available in Cantonese (Hong Kong), English (Australia, Canada, India, UK, U.S.), French (France), German (Germany), Japanese (Japan), Mandarin Chinese (China mainland, Taiwan), and Spanish (Mexico, Spain, U.S.).

Available on iPhone and iPad with A12 Bionic and later and Mac with M1 and later. Requires download of speech models. Available in Cantonese (Hong Kong), English (Australia, Canada, India, UK, U.S.), French (France), German (Germany), Japanese (Japan), Mandarin Chinese (China mainland, Taiwan), and Spanish (Mexico, Spain, U.S.).

In Dark Mode, user content and web pages display in their original colors. If you require this content to be inverted, use the Accessibility preference to invert colors instead of Dark Mode.

Siri is available in Australia, Austria, Belgium (Dutch, French), Brazil, Canada (English, French), Chile, China mainland (Cantonese, Mandarin Chinese), Denmark, Finland (Finnish), France, Germany, Hong Kong (Cantonese), India (English), Ireland (English), Israel (Hebrew), Italy, Japan, Malaysia (Malay), Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Russia, Saudi Arabia (Arabic), Singapore (English), South Africa (English), South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland (French, German, Italian), Taiwan (Mandarin Chinese), Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates (Arabic), United Kingdom, and United States (English, Spanish). Features may vary by area. Internet access required.

Available on iPhone and iPad with A12 Bionic and later. Requires download of speech models. Available in Cantonese (Hong Kong), English (Australia, Canada, India, UK, U.S.), French (France), German (Germany), Japanese (Japan), Mandarin Chinese (China mainland, Taiwan), and Spanish (Mexico, Spain, U.S.).

Correspondence: Dr. D. Ravi Varma, Department of Radiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Minister Road, Hyderabad, India. E-mail: moc.liamffider@ijamrav

All modalities in radiology practice have become digital, and therefore deal with DICOM images. Image files that are compliant with part 10 of the DICOM standard are generally referred to as “DICOM format files” or simply “DICOM files” and are represented as “.dcm.” DICOM differs from other image formats in that it groups information into data sets. A DICOM file consists of a header and image data sets packed into a single file. The information within the header is organized as a constant and standardized series of tags. By extracting data from these tags one can access important information regarding the patient demographics, study parameters, etc. In the interest of patient confidentiality, all information that can be used to identify the patient should be removed before DICOM images are transmitted over a network for educational or other purposes. In addition to the DICOM format, the radiologist routinely encounters images of several file formats such as JPEG, TIFF, GIF, and PNG. Each format has its own unique advantages and disadvantages, which must be taken into consideration when images are archived, used in teaching files, or submitted for publication. Knowledge about these formats and their attributes, such as image resolution, image compression, and image metadata, helps the radiologist in optimizing the archival, organization, and display of images. This article aims to increase the awareness among radiologists regarding DICOM and other image file formats encountered in clinical practice. It also suggests several tips and tricks that can be used by the radiologist so that the digital potential of these images can be fully utilized for maximization of workflow in the radiology practice.

There are several situations where DICOM files find their way into radiology practice. One common example of this is when information from a radiological study is exported into an offline medium such as a compact disk (CD) for easy transport or archival. Such a CD usually contains several DICOM image files as well as other files that are necessary for display of these images. Even though the specific folder architecture varies from vendor to vendor, the CDs usually contain an autorun file, a DICOM viewer, a DICOM directory (DICOMDIR), and a folder containing the DICOM images [Figure 1].

Managing DICOM files in a CD: screenshot of contents of a CD containing an MRI study (prepared on a Advantage Windows Workstation (GE Medical Systems)). Folder “A” contains DICOM image files from the MRI study; folder “DCMVWR” contains the Dicomviewer that displays the contents of the CD; the folder “MISC” contains miscellaneous files required during display; “AUTORUN” files direct the actions that are automatically performed when the CD is introduced into a computer. The DICOMDIR is essentially an index and summary of information regarding all DICOM files included in that CD

To view these images on computers when a proprietary viewer is not supplied with the system, an additional software package called “DICOM browser” is needed, which will interpret the file information and display it as an image. A list of free DICOM browsers has been published earlier in this journal.[4]

The first few packets of information in a DICOM image file constitute the “header.” It stores demographic information about the patient, acquisition parameters for the imaging study, image dimensions, matrix size, color space, and a host of additional nonintensity information required by the computer to correctly display the image. The header is followed by a single attribute (7FE0) that contains all the pixel intensity data for the image.[5] These data are stored as a long series of 0s and 1s, which can be reconstructed as the image by using the information from the header. This attribute may contain information regarding a single image, multiple frames of a study, or a cine loop, depending on the modality that has generated the image.

The header data information is encoded within the DICOM file so that it cannot be accidentally separated from the image data. If the header is separated from the image data, the computer will not know which imaging study has been done or to whom it belongs and it will not be able to display the image correctly, leading to a potential medicolegal situation.

The information within the header is organized as a constant and standardized series of tags. These tags are organized into groups of data elements. For example, the group “0010” contains patient information and is 92 bits in length. It contains the patient"s name in the tag “0010–0010,” the patient"s identification number in the tag “0010–0020,” birth date in the tag “0010–0030,” and so on. Similarly the group “0018” contains information regarding acquisition. It is 482 bits long and contains several elements that convey the MRI acquisition parameters. The group “0028” encodes image presentation and is responsible for display of the image on a monitor[6] [Figure 3].

Screenshot of the DICOM tags extracted from an MRI image by Dicomworks, a popular DICOM viewer software. Note the rich variety of information regarding the patient and the imaging study that can be visualized by analyzing the header

The common tags that indicate the patient identity include the patient"s name, age, sex, birth date, hospital identity number, ethnic group, occupation, referring physician, institution name, study date, and DICOM Unique Identifiers (UIDs). As described earlier, such demographic information of the patient and a host of other information about the imaging study is encoded within an image header. The data may or may not be displayed on the screen, but the information can be extracted from the header by anyone who has access to the DICOM file. Several educational resources using DICOM files are available for radiology students on the World Wide Web. Creating and accessing such electronic teaching files often involve transmission of DICOM data over the Internet. In the interest of patient confidentiality, all information identifying the patient should be removed from the DICOM header when a DICOM file is uploaded for such purposes.

Although DICOM images have found wide acceptance in medical practice, they have two disadvantages: file sizes are large and special software is required for viewing them on personal computers. Outside the radiology department, most personal computers run on the Windows® operating system, which does not recognize the DICOM file structure. Thus, for incorporating images in PowerPoint® presentations, for creating teaching files, or for publishing in Web pages, DICOM images need to be converted into image formats that can be recognized by Windows®.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group): The JPEG format is the most popular format and can be read by all computer platforms. Because JPEG files are small in size and extremely portable, they are the preferred format when transferring images over the Web. The advantage of the JPEG format is that it facilitates use of compression to reduce file size. Typically, the least noticeable bits of information are removed by complex mathematical algorithms, so that the image is represented with less information. When saving as a JPEG file, options are available for selecting the amount of compression that can be applied. The more the file is compressed (lossy compression), the more the original image information lost; such an image will not look good when reproduced. Lesser degrees of compression (lossless compression) retain high image quality, but this is achieved at the cost of a large file size.

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format): The TIFF format is versatile and supports the full range of image sizes, resolutions, and color depths. Since TIFF images are saved without compression or with a lossless compression scheme they retain the original image quality and often are large in size.[13] TIFF is preferred where high image quality is desired, for example, when the image contains illustrations and line diagrams.

PNG (Portable Networks Graphics): The PNG file format was developed to outperform and eventually replace the GIF format. It has better browser compatibility and supports greater color depth than the GIF format. Its lossless compression enables better image quality, though at the expense of large file sizes.[13]

Which of these file types is ideal for radiology practice? Generally speaking, lossy files are ideal for use in computer and Web-based presentations, where the small file size permits rapid image display and facilitates easy image transfer between computers. In contrast, lossless formats are better when higher image quality is desired, such as for archiving, teaching, and submission for publication [Table 1].

Conversion of DICOM images into other formats is most often performed at a diagnostic workstation or at a Web client of a PACS system. Most of these systems have an “export” function that enables the operator to save the image displayed in the active window as a JPEG or TIFF file. While some applications permit export of a batch of DICOM images into other formats, most require repeated operations, converting one image at a time.

Even if the DICOM viewer lacks an image export function, users of the Windows® operating system can press the “Print Screen” key on the keyboard to capture the current monitor display and save by directly pasting it within a PowerPoint™ slide or by saving it as a file using an image editing software package. Also, the contents of an active window can be selectively captured by pressing “Print Screen” key along with the “Alt” key.

As has been noted earlier, the TIFF format should be preferred when creating a master copy from DICOM files. Though TIFF files have large file sizes, this format provides the highest image quality. Subsequently, the images can be saved in other formats such as JPEG in order to save on storage space. It should be remembered that while it is possible to convert a TIFF image into a low-quality JPEG image, it is not possible to regain the original detail from the JPEG image.

Several image management software packages that permit easy screen capture (such as IrfanView and XnView) are available for free download. For example, it is possible to activate a “capture/screenshot” function in IrfanView that automatically saves the monitor display as an image file when a specified hot key is pressed. The part of the display saved, the hot key, as well as the output file format can be flexibly specified by the user. IrfanView and XnView also have DICOM plug-ins that enable direct viewing of DICOM images. It is also possible to export a batch of DICOM images into other image formats, using the “batch processing” or “batch conversion” function in these software packages.[9,15]

When a medical image is viewed on the screen what is actually seen is a collection of digital sample points called “pixels.” A pixel is the basic unit of a digital image. The resolution of an image is largely dependent upon the total number of pixels contained in the image, which can be derived by multiplying the number of horizontal and vertical pixels within the image. For example, a CT scan image that is composed of 512 × 512 pixels has a total of 262,144 pixels (0.25 megapixels), while a computer radiography (CR) image is composed of 2048 × 2048 pixels (4 megapixels).[16] Photographs taken using digital cameras are another common source of large image files in current radiological practice. Digital cameras of over 10 megapixel resolutions have become common place today [Table 2].

It is common knowledge that images containing fewer pixels appear to have poor quality, especially when enlarged. On the other hand, an image containing more information needs larger memory capacity for storage and longer time for transmission and display. This need for a good image resolution in radiology practice is best appreciated when working with computed radiography images, digital mammograms, or digital photos. It may sometimes become necessary to save these images with an optimal (lower) resolution to strike a balance between the desired image quality and file size.

The optimal resolution for an image depends on the anticipated use of the image. Typically, computer monitors and digital projectors have a much lower output resolution than laser cameras or printers. If this article is read on a 14 inch laptop with a screen that displays 1388 × 768 pixels, the resolution is about 100 pixels per inch (ppi). Similarly, most projectors support displays of 800 × 600 or 1024 × 768 pixels. PowerPoint® supports a default resolution of up to 96 ppi.[17] Thus, as far as resolution is concerned, the weakest link in the image display chain is the screen or projector system that displays the image. The image quality perceived by the viewer is often limited by the output device used. Even if a large image (for example a 2048 × 2048 pixel digital chest radiograph) is incorporated into a PowerPoint® slide, it can be seen at a much lower resolution on the monitor or when projected on a screen[18] [Figure 4].

One problem radiologists commonly face is storing their growing collections of images. High-field MRI and multidetector CT (MDCT) are generating more and more images of ever increasing resolution daily, contributing significantly to the large volume of digital data. A single image from an MDCT scan of the brain needs approximately the same storage space as a 30-page MS Word® document that contains 18,000 words.

Compression is another essential technique for the management of large image collections. It reduces the file size of an image without degrading its quality to an unacceptable level [Figure 7]. Compression techniques belong to one of two classes:[3,19]

Photographers who have large collections of digital photographs use IPTC metadata to organize their collections. Typically, the photographer enters his name, contact information, captions, keywords, and copyright information to tag his images. Similarly, for radiology images, these fields are used to enter information such as clinical history, diagnosis, comments, and copyright information [Figure 9]. Once all the images are tagged, a search for specific images can be performed within an entire collection using the IPTC keywords. This is similar to searching images on the World Wide Web using Google Image search. Windows® Explorer and other software packages that are compatible with IPTC metadata can be used to perform such searches. A list of such software packages can be found at the IPTC website.[21]

Display of IPTC information embedded in a JPEG image of a radiograph. The diagnosis of sacral dermoid has been categorized under the keywords “spine,” “sacrum,” “congenital,” “tumor,” “dermoid,” “teeth,” and “pelvis.” Searching the image collection using any of the above keywords would result in display of this image

Microsoft® PowerPoint® is a popular tool for on-screen presentations at national and international meetings. PowerPoint® presentations can contain text, images, figures, and animations. However, for radiologists, some limitations of PowerPoint® make it less than perfect in certain situations. The true nature and extent of pathology may not always be apparent on a single image or few selected images that are displayed on a PowerPoint® slide. For example, displaying a series of axial images of the abdomen would be more effective in depicting the imaging findings in a case of abdominal tuberculosis than showing a few representative images. However, manually incorporating a series of images into a PowerPoint® presentation can be a time-consuming and tedious job.

Fortunately, there are several options for performing this with minimal effort. Software packages such as PACstacker, StackView, and RadViewer have been developed to enable import of a series of images and to display them interactively as a stack.[24–26] While PACstacker and StackView operate as macros within PowerPoint®, RadViewer is a Web-based software that converts images into a Flash file.

In order to address this problem, a plug-in called “Radfiler” has been created for PowerPoint®. Incorporation of this plug-in gives the presenter the ability to directly import and display DICOM images. Further, it gives the presenter the freedom to scroll through image stacks, dynamically manipulate the window level and window width, and even to zoom and crop the images during the presentation.[27]

There are certain situations where a large number of images have to be displayed in a presentation. For most users, using PowerPoint® for the job may be an overkill. Creating a presentation with a large set of digital images would take a while, as a separate slide has to be created for each photo. One other drawback with presentations in PowerPoint® is the lack of backward compatibility. It is frustrating to see hours of preparation go waste when a presentation saved in PowerPoint® 2007 simply does not open on a computer that has an earlier version of PowerPoint® installed on it.

Fortunately, for rapid creation of slideshows, platform-independent software programs are available free of cost. Irfanview and Xnview are software programs that permit rapid creation of slideshows.[9,15] It is possible to select a set of images, sort them, and convert them into a slideshow with just a few clicks. The slideshow can then be saved as an executable file that will run on any computer (irrespective of the operating system and the presence or absence of image management software) by simply double clicking the .exe file. The disadvantage with this mode of presentation is that it displays only one image per slide and it is not possible to mix images with text or other graphics.

25. Gniadek TJ, Desjardins B. Interactive display of stacks of images in scientific presentations with PowerPoint. AJR Am J Roentgenol.2004;183:859–61. [PubMed]

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The India digital signage system market is estimated to be valued at US$ 604.8 million in 2021 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 15.2% over the forecast period (2021-2028).

West segment held dominant position in the India Digital Signage System Market in 2020, accounting for 30.2% share in terms of Value, followed by North

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India Systems Pvt. Ltd., Enkay Technologies, Budget Signs, Truknox Technologies, Intellicon, BH Enterprizes, BenQ Corporation, Sony Corporation, Sharp Corporation, Panasonic Corporation, LG Electronics Inc., and Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.

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