benefits of tft lcd factory
TFT stands for thin-film transistor, which means that each pixel in the device has a thin-film transistor attached to it. Transistors are activated by electrical currents that make contact with the pixels to produce impeccable image quality on the screen. Here are some important features of TFT displays.Excellent Colour Display.Top notch colour contrast, clarity, and brightness settings that can be adjusted to accommodate specific application requirements.Extended Half-Life.TFT displays boast a much higher half-life than their LED counterparts and they also come in a variety of size configurations that can impact the device’s half-life depending on usage and other factors.TFT displays can have either resistive or capacitive touch panels.Resistive is usually the standard because it comes at a lower price point, but you can also opt for capacitive which is compatible with most modern smartphones and other devices.TFT displays offer exceptional aspect ratio control.Aspect ratio control contributes to better image clarity and quality by mapping out the number of pixels that are in the source image compared to the resolution pixels on the screen.Monitor ghosting doesn’t occur on TFT displays.This is when a moving image or object has blurry pixels following it across the screen, resembling a ghost.
TFT displays are incredibly versatile.The offer a number of different interface options that are compatible with various devices and accommodate the technical capabilities of all users.
There are two main types of TFT LCD displays:· Twisted nematic TFT LCDs are an older model. They have limited colour options and use 6 bits per each blue, red, and green channel.
In-plane switching TFT LCDs are a newer model. Originally introduced in the 1990s by Hitachi, in-plane switching TFT LCDs consist of moving liquid pixels that move in contrast or opposite the plane of the display, rather than alongside it.
The type of TFT LCD monitor or industrial display you choose to purchase will depend on the specifications of your application or project. Here are a few important factors to consider when selecting an appropriate TFT LCD display technology:Life expectancy/battery life.Depending on the length of ongoing use and the duration of your project, you’re going to want to choose a device that can last a long time while maintaining quality usage.
Touch type and accuracy.What type of activities are you planning on using your device for? If it’s for extended outdoor use, then you should go with projected capacitive touch as this is more precise and accurate. Touch accuracy is important for industrial and commercial applications.
Image clarity.Some TFT displays feature infrared touchscreens, while others are layered. The former is preferable, especially in poor lighting conditions or for outdoor and industrial applications, because there’s no overlay and therefore no obstructions to light emittance.
The environmental conditions make a difference in operation and image clarity. When choosing a TFT for outdoor or industrial applications, be sure to choose one that can withstand various environmental elements like dust, wind, moisture, dirt, and even sunlight.
As a leading manufacturer and distributor of high-quality digital displays in North America, Nauticomp Inc. can provide custom TFT LCD monitor solutions that are suitable for a multitude of industrial and commercial indoor and outdoor applications. Contact us today to learn more.
TFT (Thin Film Transistor) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) we are talking here is TN (Twisted Nematic) type TFT displays which is align with the term in the TV and computer market. Now, TFT displays have taken over the majority of low-end color display market. They have wide applications in TV, computer monitors, medical, appliance, automotive, kiosk, POS terminals, low end mobile phones, marine, aerospace, industrial meters, smart homes, consumer electronic products etc. For more information about TFT displays, please visit our knowledge base.
Talking about Pros and Cons of TFT displays, we need to clarify which display they are compared to. To some displays, TFT displays might have advantages, but compared with another display, the same character might become the disadvantages of TFT displays. We will try our best to make clear as below.
Excellent physical design. TFT displays are very easy to design and integrated with other components, such as resistive and capacitive touch panels (RTP, CTP, PCAP) etc.
Minimum Eye Strain: Because TFT panel itself doesn’t emit light itself like CRT, LED, VFD. The light source is LED backlight which is filtered well with the TFT glass in front for the blue light.
More Energy Consumption: Compared with monochrome displays and OLED (PMOLED and AMOLED) display, which makes TFT displays less attractive in wearable device.
Poor response time and viewing angle: Compared with IPS LCD displays, AMOLED displays and recent micro-LED display. TFT displays still need to note viewing angle of 6 o’clock or 12 o’clock in the datasheet and still have the gray scale inversion issue.
High tooling cost: Depending on which generation production line to produce and also depending on its size. Building a TFT display fab normally need billions of dollars. For a big size display which needs high generation production line to produce. The NRE cost can be millions dollars.
Sunlight Readability: Because it is very expensive to produce transflective TFT LCD displays, in order to be readable under the sunlight, very bright LED backlight (> 1,000 nits) has to be used. The power needed is high and also need to deal with heat management. If used together with touch panel, expensive optical bonding (OCA or OCR) and surface treatment (AR, AF) technologies have to be used.
Responsible for performing installations and repairs (motors, starters, fuses, electrical power to machine etc.) for industrial equipment and machines in order to support the achievement of Nelson-Miller’s business goals and objectives:
• Provide electrical emergency/unscheduled diagnostics, repairs of production equipment during production and performs scheduled electrical maintenance repairs of production equipment during machine service.
The worlds of high-end Color LCD Modules are taken over. As our world evolved and embedded devices becoming more, and more sophisticated and prevalent, we tend to look at the art of design. Steve Jobs sums it up just right. “Design is not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works.” TFT LCD modules are a type of variant of an LCD which uses thin film, appliances such as: TV, computer monitors, kindles, mobile phone, and navigation system. The construction of a color LCD module or TFT LCD is quite extraordinary because of the circuit layout process; this form of layout is similar to the layout of a semiconductor product. Even though as we observe the TFT LCD display we came across few pros and cons which are most needed for this discussion. The advantages of TFT LCD are as follows: less energy consumption, visibility is sharper in other words has superb quality, physical design, response time, and less eye strain etc… With every great product there are few disadvantages associated, such as, cost and viewing angles.
TFT LCD displays are very convenient because of the energy consumption associate with this display, knowingly in today’s society saving energy is a number one priority to reduce greenhouse gas and ensure a better future generations. Due to the construction of TFT structures Pixel like materials does not consume much energy to begin with except this material consume far less power than a comparable CRT monitor. The images of a TFT display does not rely on the scanning of electron beams instead they are free from flicker and has a crisp image, with no geometric distortion. The physical design of TFT display are space savors which can be position anywhere in ones office, or house with a rotations mechanism in place for less constrains on space.
As mention before TFT LCD has few disadvantages, due to the nature of the design TFT LCD display may cost a little more than a regular monochrome display. Other disadvantages may arise when the viewing the display at the 6 0’clock direction but in fact the optimal viewing is at the 12’oclock direction this may also lead to inversion which or common in situation like this; however TFT displays are superior and will be in production for years to come.
Everyone is familiar with the TFT-LCD display screen. It is currently the most popular display product in the display industry. Its high reliability and good display effect are sure to have a wave of loyal fans. Then do you know the advantages and disadvantages of TFT-LCD display screen?
The hourly effect of the TFT-LCD display screen is very lifelike, and the color reproduction is far superior to other types of display screens. The picture presented to the user is bright in color, high in saturation, and the pure white and pure black pictures are very pure. It is very pure for professionals, one of the approved display screens.
The IPS series of the TFT-LCD display screen can reach a full viewing angle of 178 degrees, which means that no matter which angle the user views the TFT-LCD display screen from, the effect is very good.
The application of TFT-LCD display screen is very wide, used in industry, transportation, medical treatment, smart home, electric power, aviation and other fields. There must be a reason behind the widespread use. The size is complete, the interface types are many, and the development is simple. This is an important reason why the terminal chooses the TFT-LCD display screen.
Any product that is good will also have its bad aspects, and the shortcomings of the TFT-LCD display screen are reflected in the limitation of brightness. Due to its ultra-thin shape, it cannot meet the needs of ultra-high brightness. There are certain restrictions.
The display technology of TFT-LCD display screens has become mature, and the yield and production capacity of products are getting higher and higher, and the price of TFT-LCD display screens is becoming more and more affordable. These are all the reasons behind for the popularity of TFT-LCD display screens.
Shenzhen CDTech Electronics established in 2011, is a national high-tech enterprise specializing in TFT LCDs, Touch Displays, HDMI Displays and other display products.
The factory covers an area of 5,000 square meters, including thousand-level dust-free workshop area of over 1000 square meters. CDTech has industry-leading automatic production and testing equipment which can provide customers with standard and customized display and touch total solutions. Our products are widely used in Industrial Control Equipment, Medical, Smart-Home, Automotive and Vehicle Displays, Instrumentation, and other Information Terminal applications.
When you put them together, you get a TFT LCD, which is a flat panel display or screen that can be found everywhere from smartphones and tablets to TV sets and monitors.
TFT displays have a longer half-life than LEDs and are available in a wider number of configurations, all of which might affect the device"s half-life depending on usage and other circumstances.
This is not an issue with TFT displays since the display maps out the number of pixels in the source image relative to the resolution pixels on display, resulting in greater image quality and clarity. Monitor ghosting occurs when a moving image or object is followed across the screen by a hazy image (and resembling a ghost).
TFT displays are available in a variety of interface configurations, making them compatible with a wide range of devices and allowing for a wide range of technological capabilities.
1. Glass paneling may limit utility – for example, a TFT LCD display may be a poor choice for outdoor environments where the glass can showcase glares from natural lighting.
4. Glass paneling may limit utility – for example, a TFT LCD display may be a poor choice for outdoor environments where the glass can showcase glares from natural lighting.
5. Because it does not emit its light, this sort of display relies on backlighting to provide brightness. As a result, producers must use LEDs and construct a backlighting structure.
Although the selecting procedure for your LCD display may not appear to be stressful, it is in reality due to the countless products that have invaded the market.
TFT Liquid crystal display products are diversified, convenient and versatile, simple to keep up, upgrade, update, long service life, and have many alternative characteristics.
The display range covers the appliance range of all displays from one to forty inches and, therefore, the giant projection plane could be a large display terminal.
Display quality from the most straightforward monochrome character graphics to high resolution, high colour fidelity, high brightness, high contrast, the high response speed of various specifications of the video display models.
In particular, the emergence of TFT LCD electronic books and periodicals will bring humans into the era of paperless offices and paperless printing, triggering a revolution in the civilized way of human learning, dissemination, and recording.
It can be generally used in the temperature range from -20℃ to +50℃, and the temperature-hardened TFT LCD can operate at low temperatures up to -80 ℃. It can be used as a mobile terminal display or desktop terminal display and can be used as a large screen projection TV, which is a full-size video display terminal with excellent performance.
The manufacturing technology has a high degree of automation and sound characteristics of large-scale industrial production. TFT LCD industry technology is mature, with a more than 90% mass production rate.
It is an ideal combination of large-scale semiconductor integrated circuit technology and light source technology and has good potential for more development.
From the beginning of flat glass plates, its display effect is flat right angles, letting a person have a refreshing feeling. LCDs are simple to achieve high resolution on small screens.
In this article, we are looking at the benefits of looking for Chinese TFT LCD manufacturers. Instead of resorting to other manufacturing means, opting for the Chinese is a much wiser and lucrative choice. If you are looking for Chinese LCD manufacturers, you should start with STONE Tech.
There is no doubt that China has taken the mass manufacturing business by storm. There are few products that we can encounter in our lives that don’t have the words ‘Made in China’ scribbled underneath. There is a glut of products that are mass-manufactured by the Chinese and then shipped out internationally to be sold.
Handbags, wallets, phone cases, and other similar items have become the favorites of wholesalers and bulk buyers. These products are directly sold to end consumers. However, the fascinating thing about the Chinese production and manufacturing business is that it does not only cover the end-consumer products. Rather, you can also acquire raw and basic materials needed for the further manufacturing of goods and products. One such product is LCD displays.
LCD displays have become something of a necessity in today’s world of tech advancement. Many things in our daily life have been automated, and are operated using an interactive user interface. For these kinds of machines and gadgets, LCD displays are typically necessary.
In this article, we are looking at the benefits of looking for Chinese LCD manufacturers. Instead of resorting to other manufacturing means, opting for the Chinese is a much wiser and lucrative choice. If you are looking for Chinese LCD manufacturers, you should start with Stoneitech.com.
STONE Tech is an LCD manufacturer located in Beijing, China. It was founded back in 2010, and it has been developing TFT LCD display modules ever since. These modules can be used for a variety of different machines including electric equipment, precision instruments, and civil electronics etcetera.
One of the main benefits that you get with Stoneitech.com is that there is a wide range of diverse products that you can purchase. For example, there are three different application types that you can choose from which include the Industrial Type, Advanced Type, and Civil Type. Similarly, there is a range of different sizes that you can choose from. There are 11 different sizes that you can buy, ranging from the smallest 3.5-inch display to the large 15.1-inch one. The same goes for the Android series which where you can choose between 4.5-inch and 31.5-inch displays.
This is probably the biggest advantage that you can get when working with manufacturers from China. It can even be assumed that this is probably the biggest reason why the Asian country is at the forefront of the mass manufacturing business.
When you are going to be ordering in bulk, you need to save up on costs as much as you can. The more you save up, the more profit you can make when reselling. Furthermore, lower costs can allow you to set lower prices when selling. This can attract more customers and your sales can increase.
In the initial period of your business, you want to build trust with your customers and give them more value than they expect. The best way you can achieve this is by making your products available for less than the average price. And this can only be done if you are saving up on costs yourself.
The same applies to LCD displays. When you save up on costs when buying LCD displays, you can set a lower price for the whole machine or gadget that you are producing.
This is a very useful benefit for small start-up companies. Generally, manufacturers in the USA are not going to be very willing to work with you unless you are a big company or unless you have a large recognition and following. Due to this, smaller companies can have trouble getting their demands heard. However, the refusal of suppliers to do so is not unjustified. Smaller companies are going to start off with smaller orders. Small orders are not very lucrative and beneficial for suppliers. The larger the order, the more convenient it will be for the manufacturer.
However, with Chinese manufacturers, this problem is minimized. The Chinese often don’t care how big a brand you are and what recognition your company has. As long as you meet the minimum order requirements, you can get your products easily. This is highly advantageous for smaller companies. Due to this, smaller firms can get started and kick off their business.
When it comes to LCD modules, the orders are not received by the hundreds or thousands as is the case with other smaller products such as handbags and wallets etcetera. One module can cost around $250, and it is for this reason that the dynamics are a little different with this business. That is why STONE offers single pieces for sale as well as multiple pieces. This encourages smaller businesses to make their purchases since they can easily purchase as many modules as they like. As long as you meet the limit stated by the supplier, you are good to go.
Typically, when you are paying less, you can have the expectation that the quality might not be good or the time taken may be too long. However, when you are buying from the Chinese, you don’t have to face any of these problems. While you are paying less, you can get satisfactory quality and even the production time is cut down.
The factories in China have more machines and workers working simultaneously. This means that you can get bigger orders more quickly. For example, if you are getting 10 units from a domestic supplier in 4 days, you will be able to get 12 units from a Chinese supplier in just 3 days. That means that the production rate is increased, and the time taken is also cut short. This is merely an example to show that both aspects of production are enhanced when you do business with the Chinese.
Another great benefit of getting production done in China is the option for expansion. What that means is that while you can transport your merchandise to your home country, you also have the option of making them available in China. Instead of only bringing the goods back home to resell, you can set up a business that makes your merchandise available for sale in China as well.
In the case of LCD modules, this benefit relates to a reselling business. For example, if you are planning on buying some modules to use in your machines etcetera, then there is not a very suitable opportunity for you to expand. If you want to start a business in another country, you will have to open a manufacturing unit there so that your products can be produced and then get sold. Or, you will have to transport your final products to the other country in order to run your business.
However, if you are buying the LCD modules to resale at a profit, you can use the Chinese markets to grow your business. You can buy the modules at a reduced price and then sell them at a profit in a different area or city where the people will be willing to pay more.
Now that we have seen the benefits of choosing Chinese manufacturers for LCD modules, let us narrow it down a bit and look at why you should choose STONE specifically.
With STONE, you get the option of buying a range of different-sized modules. If your business deals in making different electronics and machines that require panels of different sizes, you don’t have to look at multiple suppliers to fulfill your need. You could be making some products that require 3.5-inch panels, while some of your machines could be needing 15.1-inch modules. Instead of taking the trouble to go to different suppliers, you can enjoy an all-in-one experience from STONE.
STONE offers its customers ease when it comes to making a purchase. Generally, wholesalers and suppliers sell their merchandise in bundles of 10, 50, 100, etc. However, the STONE store gives you the option of buying single pieces so that you can buy as much as you presently need.
One of the main things that you have to look at in any supplier is the level of reliability and trust. This is usually determined by the level of experience and the time that the supplier has spent in the market. STONE was founded in 2010 and has been producing LCD modules for the past 10 years.
If you are looking to buy LCD modules in bulk, look no further than the Middle Kingdom. China has become the hub of mass manufacturing and is the favorite spot for wholesalers and business owners.
In case you need some convincing about buying from the Chinese, we have compiled a list of benefits that you can enjoy when looking for TFT LCD manufacturers in China.
Because every point on the TFT LCD screen maintains that color and brightness after receiving the signal, it glows at a constant rate, rather than constantly refreshing the bright spots as the cathode ray tube display (CRT) does. As a result, the TFT LCD is of high quality and does not flicker, reducing eye fatigue to a very low level.
For displays of the same size, the visual area of the TFT LCD screen is larger. The visible area of the TFT LCD is the same as its diagonal size. Cathode ray tube display screen picture tube front panel around an inch or so of the border can not be used for display.
The original LCD screen is usually used in electronic watches and calculators because it is unable to display delicate characters. With the continuous development and progress of liquid crystal display technology, character display begins to be exquisite, but also supports the basic color display, and gradually used in liquid crystal TV, camera liquid crystal display.
The subsequent DSTN and TFT were widely made into liquid crystal display devices in computers, and DSTN LCD screens were used in early notebooks. TFT is used not only on laptops (most laptops now use TFT displays), but also on mainstream desktop displays.
The display material of the traditional display screen is phosphor, which is shown by the impact of the electron beam on the phosphor. The electron beam produces strong electromagnetic radiation in the moment it hits the phosphor. Although there are many display products in dealing with the radiation problem more effectively, as far as possible to reduce the amount of radiation to a very low, but to completely eliminate it is difficult. Relatively speaking, the TFT LCD screen has an innate advantage in preventing radiation because it does not exist at all.
In the aspect of electromagnetic wave prevention, TFT LCD screen also has its own unique advantages. It uses strict sealing technology to seal a small number of electromagnetic waves from the driving circuit in the display, while ordinary displays in order to emit heat. The internal circuit must be in contact with the air as much as possible so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the internal circuit "leak" outward in large quantities.
TFT LCD screens are digital and do not use analog interfaces like cathode ray tube color displays. In other words, with the TFT LCD, the graphics card no longer needs to convert the digital signal into an analog signal and output it as usual. In theory, this would make the color more accurate and perfect.
A traditional cathode ray tube display is always dragged behind a bulky ray tube. The TFT LCD breaks through this limit and gives a whole new feel. The traditional display screen emits electron beam to the screen, so the neck of the picture tube can not be very short, when the screen increases, it is necessary to increase the size of the whole display.
On the other hand, the TFT LCD screen controls the liquid crystal molecular state through the electrode on the display screen to achieve the display purpose. Even if the screen is enlarged, its volume will not increase in direct proportion, and its weight is much lighter than the traditional display with the same display area.
Compared with the traditional display screen, the TFT LCD screen starts with a pure flat glass panel, and its display effect is flat at right angles, giving people a refreshing feeling. And it is easier for LCD to achieve high resolution on a small screen. For example, a 17-inch LCD can achieve a good resolution of 1280 × 1024. On the other hand, the effect of using a resolution of more than 1280 × 1024 on an 18-inch CRT color display is not entirely satisfactory.
The traditional display screen is composed of many circuits. When these circuits drive the cathode ray picture tube, they need to consume a lot of power, and with the continuous increase of the volume, the power consumed by the internal circuit will certainly increase. In contrast, the power consumption of TFT LCD is mainly consumed by its internal electrode and driver IC, so the power consumption is much smaller than that of traditional display.
TFT-LCD was invented in 1960 and successfully commercialized as a notebook computer panel in 1991 after continuous improvement, thus entering the TFT-LCD generation.
Simply put, the basic structure of the TFT-LCD panel is a layer of liquid crystal sandwiched between two glass substrates. The front TFT display panel is coated with a color filter, and the back TFT display panel is coated with a thin film transistor (TFT). When a voltage is applied to the transistor, the liquid crystal turns and light passes through the liquid crystal to create a pixel on the front panel. The backlight module is responsible for providing the light source after the TFT-Array panel. Color filters give each pigment a specific color. The combination of each different color pixel gives you an image of the front of the panel.
The TFT panel is composed of millions of TFT devices and ITO (In TI Oxide, a transparent conductive metal) regions arranged like a matrix, and the so-called Array refers to the region of millions of TFT devices arranged neatly, which is the panel display area. The figure below shows the structure of a TFT pixel.
No matter how the design of TFT display board changes or how the manufacturing process is simplified, its structure must have a TFT device and control liquid crystal region (if the light source is penetration-type LCD, the control liquid crystal region is ITO; but for reflective LCD, the metal with high reflection rate is used, such as Al).
The TFT device is a switch, whose function is to control the number of electrons flowing into the ITO region. When the number of electrons flowing into the ITO region reaches the desired value, the TFT device is turned off. At this time, the entire electrons are kept in the ITO region.
The figure above shows the time changes specified at each pixel point. G1 is continuously selected to be turned on by the driver IC from T1 to TN so that the source-driven IC charges TFT pixels on G1 in the order of D1, D2, and Dn. When TN +1, gATE-driven IC is selected G2 again, and source-driven IC is selected sequentially from D1.
The more vertical the Angle at which the LIQUID crystal stands, the more light will not be guided by the LIQUID crystal. Different liquid crystal standing angles will direct different amounts of light. From the above examples, the larger the angle at which the liquid crystal stands, the weaker the light that can be penetrated. (The direction of the upper and lower polarizer will determine the intensity of penetration, so as long as you understand the Angle of the liquid crystal standing will guide the intensity of light).
Undirected light is absorbed by the upper polarizer. Natural light is polarized in any direction. The function of the polarizer is to filter out most of the light oscillating in different directions and only allow light in a specific direction to pass through.
Many people don’t understand the differences between generations of TFT-LCD plants, but the principle is quite simple. The main difference between generations of plants is in the size of glass substrates, which are products cut from large glass substrates. Newer plants have larger glass substrates that can be cut to increase productivity and reduce costs, or to produce larger panels (such as TFT display LCD TV panels).
The TFT-LCD industry first emerged in Japan in the 1990s, when a process was designed and built in the country. The first-generation glass substrate is about 30 X 40 cm in size, about the size of a full-size magazine, and can be made into a 15-inch panel. By the time Acer Technology (which was later merged with Unioptronics to become AU Optronics) entered the industry in 1996, the technology had advanced to A 3.5 generation plant (G3.5) with glass substrate size of about 60 X 72 cm.Au Optronics has evolved to a sixth-generation factory (G6) process where the G6 glass substrate measures 150 X 185 cm, the size of a double bed. One G6 glass substrate can cut 30 15-inch panels, compared with the G3.5 which can cut 4 panels and G1 which can only cut one 15-inch panel, the production capacity of the sixth generation factory is enlarged, and the relative cost is reduced. In addition, the large size of the G6 glass substrate can be cut into large-sized panels, which can produce eight 32-inch LCD TV panels, increasing the diversity of panel applications. Therefore, the global TFT LCD manufacturers are all invested in the new generation of plant manufacturing technology.
The TRANSISTor-LCD is an acronym for thin-film TFT Display. Simply put, TFT-LCD panels can be seen as two glass substrates sandwiched between a layer of liquid crystal. The upper glass substrate is connected to a Color Filter, while the lower glass has transistors embedded in it. When the electric field changes through the transistor, the liquid crystal molecules deflect, so as to change the polarization of the light, and the polarizing film is used to determine the light and shade state of the Pixel. In addition, the upper glass is fitted to the color filter, so that each Pixel contains three colors of red, blue and green, which make up the image on the panel.
– The middle Cell is based on the glass substrate of the front segment Array, which is combined with the glass substrate of the color filter, and liquid crystal (LC) is injected between the two glass substrates.
-The rear module assembly process is the production operation of assembling the glass after the Cell process with other components such as backlight plate, circuit, frame, etc.
The luminescence principle is tied to the vapor electroplating organic film between the transparent anode and the metal cathode. The electron and electric hole are injected, and the energy is converted into visible light by the composite between the organic film. And can match different organic materials, emit different colors of light, to achieve the requirements of the full-color display.
The organic light display can be divided into Passive Matrix (PMOLED) and Active Matrix (AMOLED) according to the driving mode. The so-called active driven OLED(AMOLED) can be visualized in the Thin Film Transistor (TFT) as a capacitor that stores signals to provide the ability to visualize the light in a grayscale.
Although the production cost and technical barriers of passive OLED are low, it is limited by the driving mode and the resolution cannot be improved. Therefore, the application product size is limited to about 5″, and the product will be limited to the market of low resolution and small size. For high precision and large picture, the active drive is mainly used. The so-called active drive is capacitive to store the signal, so when the scanning line is swept, the pixel can still maintain its original brightness. In the case of passive drive, only the pixels selected by the scan line are lit. Therefore, in an active-drive mode, OLED does not need to be driven to very high brightness, thus achieving better life performance and high resolution.OLED combined with TFT technology can realize active driving OLED, which can meet the current display market for the smoothness of screen playback, as well as higher and higher resolution requirements, fully display the above superior characteristics of OLED.
The technology to grow The TFT on the glass substrate can be amorphous Silicon (A-SI) manufacturing process and Low-Temperature Poly-Silicon (LTPS). The biggest difference between LTPS TFT and A-SI TFT is the difference between its electrical properties and the complicated manufacturing process. LTPS TFT has a higher carrier mobility rate, which means that TFT can provide more current, but its process is complicated.A-si TFT, on the other hand, although a-Si’s carrier movement rate is not as good as LTPS’s, it has a better competitive advantage in cost due to its simple and mature process.Au Optronics is the only company in the world that has successfully combined OLED with LTPS and A-SI TFT at the same time, making it a leader in active OLED technology.
Polysilicon is a silicon-based material about 0.1 to several um in size, composed of many silicon particles. In the semiconductor manufacturing industry, polysilicon should normally be treated by Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition. If the annealing process is higher than 900C, this method is known as SPC. Solid Phase Deposition. However, this method does not work in the flat display industry because the maximum temperature of the glass is only 650C. Therefore, LTPS technology is specifically applied to the manufacture of flat displays.
Let me suppose that it belongs to the SPC method. However, compared with traditional SPC, this method can produce polysilicon at low temperatures (about 500~600 C). This is because the thin layer of metal is coated before the formation of crystallization, and the metal composition plays an active role in reducing crystallization.
A method for direct deposition of Poly-film without vapor extraction. The sedimentation temperature may be below 300C. Growth mechanisms contain catalytic cracking reactions of SiH4-H2 mixtures.
This method is currently the most widely used. The Excimer laser is used for heating and melting A-SI. It contains low amounts of hydrogen and recrystallizes to Poly-film.
The LTPS membrane is much more complex than a-SI, yet the LTPS TFT is 100 times more mobile than A-SI TFT. And CMOS program can be carried out directly on a glass substrate. Here are some of the features that p-SI has over A-SI:
3. Compact module: As part of the drive circuit can be made on the glass substrate, the circuit on the PCB is relatively simple, thus saving the PCB area.
MVA technology not only improves the panel view but also solves most of the problems of gray-scale inversion due to the special arrangement mode of liquid crystals.
LCD screens are backlit to project images through color filters before they are reflected in our eye Windows. This mode of carrying backlit LCD screens, known as “penetrating” LCD screens, consumes most of the power through backlit devices. The brighter the backlight, the brighter it will appear in front of the screen, but the more power it will consume.
The “reflective” architecture USES an external light source to display the image via a reflector, which saves electricity but is harder to see in the absence of an external light source.
“Half penetration and half reflection” is the compromise between the two. The device USES a half mirror instead of the reflector, which can not only pass through the backlight but also use the reflection from the external light source to achieve the effect of saving electricity, increasing brightness, and reducing weight.
Different from the traditional manufacturing process, COG technology directly assumes the drive IC on the glass substrate. The advantages of this technology include:
ODF process is an epoch-making manufacturing method, which is time-consuming, low yield, and difficult to achieve in the past. Such as the production of large panels of TV products, in response to the rapid response of small Gap panels, or advanced high-quality MVA panels, using ODF process technology, the problem can be readily solved.
Generally speaking, in the ODF process, the use efficiency of a LIQUID crystal is more than 95%, but compared with 60% of the traditional process, it can fully save more than 35% of the cost of liquid crystal materials. It can also save water, electricity, gas, and lotion when cleaning sealant and related panels.
The manufacturing process saved is originally the most time-consuming and time-consuming process in the traditional manufacturing process. Moreover, with the trend of large-scale panels, or high-quality panels of small Cell Gap, the time will be longer. Traditionally, Cell processes take at least three days to complete, but ODF processes take less than one day.
A thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a variant of a liquid-crystal display that uses thin-film-transistor technologyactive matrix LCD, in contrast to passive matrix LCDs or simple, direct-driven (i.e. with segments directly connected to electronics outside the LCD) LCDs with a few segments.
In February 1957, John Wallmark of RCA filed a patent for a thin film MOSFET. Paul K. Weimer, also of RCA implemented Wallmark"s ideas and developed the thin-film transistor (TFT) in 1962, a type of MOSFET distinct from the standard bulk MOSFET. It was made with thin films of cadmium selenide and cadmium sulfide. The idea of a TFT-based liquid-crystal display (LCD) was conceived by Bernard Lechner of RCA Laboratories in 1968. In 1971, Lechner, F. J. Marlowe, E. O. Nester and J. Tults demonstrated a 2-by-18 matrix display driven by a hybrid circuit using the dynamic scattering mode of LCDs.T. Peter Brody, J. A. Asars and G. D. Dixon at Westinghouse Research Laboratories developed a CdSe (cadmium selenide) TFT, which they used to demonstrate the first CdSe thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD).active-matrix liquid-crystal display (AM LCD) using CdSe TFTs in 1974, and then Brody coined the term "active matrix" in 1975.high-resolution and high-quality electronic visual display devices use TFT-based active matrix displays.
The liquid crystal displays used in calculators and other devices with similarly simple displays have direct-driven image elements, and therefore a voltage can be easily applied across just one segment of these types of displays without interfering with the other segments. This would be impractical for a large display, because it would have a large number of (color) picture elements (pixels), and thus it would require millions of connections, both top and bottom for each one of the three colors (red, green and blue) of every pixel. To avoid this issue, the pixels are addressed in rows and columns, reducing the connection count from millions down to thousands. The column and row wires attach to transistor switches, one for each pixel. The one-way current passing characteristic of the transistor prevents the charge that is being applied to each pixel from being drained between refreshes to a display"s image. Each pixel is a small capacitor with a layer of insulating liquid crystal sandwiched between transparent conductive ITO layers.
The circuit layout process of a TFT-LCD is very similar to that of semiconductor products. However, rather than fabricating the transistors from silicon, that is formed into a crystalline silicon wafer, they are made from a thin film of amorphous silicon that is deposited on a glass panel. The silicon layer for TFT-LCDs is typically deposited using the PECVD process.
Polycrystalline silicon is sometimes used in displays requiring higher TFT performance. Examples include small high-resolution displays such as those found in projectors or viewfinders. Amorphous silicon-based TFTs are by far the most common, due to their lower production cost, whereas polycrystalline silicon TFTs are more costly and much more difficult to produce.
The twisted nematic display is one of the oldest and frequently cheapest kind of LCD display technologies available. TN displays benefit from fast pixel response times and less smearing than other LCD display technology, but suffer from poor color reproduction and limited viewing angles, especially in the vertical direction. Colors will shift, potentially to the point of completely inverting, when viewed at an angle that is not perpendicular to the display. Modern, high end consumer products have developed methods to overcome the technology"s shortcomings, such as RTC (Response Time Compensation / Overdrive) technologies. Modern TN displays can look significantly better than older TN displays from decades earlier, but overall TN has inferior viewing angles and poor color in comparison to other technology.
Most TN panels can represent colors using only six bits per RGB channel, or 18 bit in total, and are unable to display the 16.7 million color shades (24-bit truecolor) that are available using 24-bit color. Instead, these panels display interpolated 24-bit color using a dithering method that combines adjacent pixels to simulate the desired shade. They can also use a form of temporal dithering called Frame Rate Control (FRC), which cycles between different shades with each new frame to simulate an intermediate shade. Such 18 bit panels with dithering are sometimes advertised as having "16.2 million colors". These color simulation methods are noticeable to many people and highly bothersome to some.gamut (often referred to as a percentage of the NTSC 1953 color gamut) are also due to backlighting technology. It is not uncommon for older displays to range from 10% to 26% of the NTSC color gamut, whereas other kind of displays, utilizing more complicated CCFL or LED phosphor formulations or RGB LED backlights, may extend past 100% of the NTSC color gamut, a difference quite perceivable by the human eye.
The transmittance of a pixel of an LCD panel typically does not change linearly with the applied voltage,sRGB standard for computer monitors requires a specific nonlinear dependence of the amount of emitted light as a function of the RGB value.
In-plane switching was developed by Hitachi Ltd. in 1996 to improve on the poor viewing angle and the poor color reproduction of TN panels at that time.
Initial iterations of IPS technology were characterised by slow response time and a low contrast ratio but later revisions have made marked improvements to these shortcomings. Because of its wide viewing angle and accurate color reproduction (with almost no off-angle color shift), IPS is widely employed in high-end monitors aimed at professional graphic artists, although with the recent fall in price it has been seen in the mainstream market as well. IPS technology was sold to Panasonic by Hitachi.
Most panels also support true 8-bit per channel color. These improvements came at the cost of a higher response time, initially about 50 ms. IPS panels were also extremely expensive.
IPS has since been superseded by S-IPS (Super-IPS, Hitachi Ltd. in 1998), which has all the benefits of IPS technology with the addition of improved pixel refresh timing.
It achieved pixel response which was fast for its time, wide viewing angles, and high contrast at the cost of brightness and color reproduction.Response Time Compensation) technologies.
Less expensive PVA panels often use dithering and FRC, whereas super-PVA (S-PVA) panels all use at least 8 bits per color component and do not use color simulation methods.BRAVIA LCD TVs offer 10-bit and xvYCC color support, for example, the Bravia X4500 series. S-PVA also offers fast response times using modern RTC technologies.
When the field is on, the liquid crystal molecules start to tilt towards the center of the sub-pixels because of the electric field; as a result, a continuous pinwheel alignment (CPA) is formed; the azimuthal angle rotates 360 degrees continuously resulting in an excellent viewing angle. The ASV mode is also called CPA mode.
A technology developed by Samsung is Super PLS, which bears similarities to IPS panels, has wider viewing angles, better image quality, increased brightness, and lower production costs. PLS technology debuted in the PC display market with the release of the Samsung S27A850 and S24A850 monitors in September 2011.
TFT dual-transistor pixel or cell technology is a reflective-display technology for use in very-low-power-consumption applications such as electronic shelf labels (ESL), digital watches, or metering. DTP involves adding a secondary transistor gate in the single TFT cell to maintain the display of a pixel during a period of 1s without loss of image or without degrading the TFT transistors over time. By slowing the refresh rate of the standard frequency from 60 Hz to 1 Hz, DTP claims to increase the power efficiency by multiple orders of magnitude.
Due to the very high cost of building TFT factories, there are few major OEM panel vendors for large display panels. The glass panel suppliers are as follows:
External consumer display devices like a TFT LCD feature one or more analog VGA, DVI, HDMI, or DisplayPort interface, with many featuring a selection of these interfaces. Inside external display devices there is a controller board that will convert the video signal using color mapping and image scaling usually employing the discrete cosine transform (DCT) in order to convert any video source like CVBS, VGA, DVI, HDMI, etc. into digital RGB at the native resolution of the display panel. In a laptop the graphics chip will directly produce a signal suitable for connection to the built-in TFT display. A control mechanism for the backlight is usually included on the same controller board.
The low level interface of STN, DSTN, or TFT display panels use either single ended TTL 5 V signal for older displays or TTL 3.3 V for slightly newer displays that transmits the pixel clock, horizontal sync, vertical sync, digital red, digital green, digital blue in parallel. Some models (for example the AT070TN92) also feature input/display enable, horizontal scan direction and vertical scan direction signals.
New and large (>15") TFT displays often use LVDS signaling that transmits the same contents as the parallel interface (Hsync, Vsync, RGB) but will put control and RGB bits into a number of serial transmission lines synchronized to a clock whose rate is equal to the pixel rate. LVDS transmits seven bits per clock per data line, with six bits being data and one bit used to signal if the other six bits need to be inverted in order to maintain DC balance. Low-cost TFT displays often have three data lines and therefore only directly support 18 bits per pixel. Upscale displays have four or five data lines to support 24 bits per pixel (truecolor) or 30 bits per pixel respectively. Panel manufacturers are slowly replacing LVDS with Internal DisplayPort and Embedded DisplayPort, which allow sixfold reduction of the number of differential pairs.
Backlight intensity is usually controlled by varying a few volts DC, or generating a PWM signal, or adjusting a potentiometer or simply fixed. This in turn controls a high-voltage (1.3 kV) DC-AC inverter or a matrix of LEDs. The method to control the intensity of LED is to pulse them with PWM which can be source of harmonic flicker.
The bare display panel will only accept a digital video signal at the resolution determined by the panel pixel matrix designed at manufacture. Some screen panels will ignore the LSB bits of the color information to present a consistent interface (8 bit -> 6 bit/color x3).
With analogue signals like VGA, the display controller also needs to perform a high speed analog to digital conversion. With digital input signals like DVI or HDMI some simple reordering of the bits is needed before feeding it to the rescaler if the input resolution doesn"t match the display panel resolution.
The statements are applicable to Merck KGaA as well as its competitors JNC Corporation (formerly Chisso Corporation) and DIC (formerly Dainippon Ink & Chemicals). All three manufacturers have agreed not to introduce any acutely toxic or mutagenic liquid crystals to the market. They cover more than 90 percent of the global liquid crystal market. The remaining market share of liquid crystals, produced primarily in China, consists of older, patent-free substances from the three leading world producers and have already been tested for toxicity by them. As a result, they can also be considered non-toxic.
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Kim, Sae-Bom; Kim, Woong-Ki; Chounlamany, Vanseng; Seo, Jaehwan; Yoo, Jisu; Jo, Hun-Je; Jung, Jinho (15 August 2012). "Identification of multi-level toxicity of liquid crystal display wastewater toward Daphnia magna and Moina macrocopa". Journal of Hazardous Materials. Seoul, Korea; Laos, Lao. 227–228: 327–333. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.05.059. PMID 22677053.
With the maturity of TFT technology in the early 1990s, color liquid crystal flat panel displays have developed rapidly. In less than 10 years, TFT LCD has grown rapidly into the mainstream display, which is inseparable from its advantages. Now let"s get to know its main features together with Xiaobian.
(1) Good use characteristics: low voltage application, low driving voltage, solid-state use safety and reliability; flat, light and thin, saving a lot of raw materials and use space. Low power consumption, its power consumption is about one tenth of CRT display, reflective TFT LCD is only about one percent of CRT, saving a lot of energy.
TFT LCD products also have many characteristics, such as specifications, models, size serialization, variety, easy to use, flexible maintenance, update, easy upgrade, long service life and so on.
The display range covers the application range of all monitors ranging from 1 inch to 40 inches, as well as the large projection plane. It is a full-scale display terminal. Display quality ranges from the simplest monochrome character graphics to high resolution, high color fidelity, high brightness, high contrast, high response speed video displays of various specifications. The display modes include direct view, projection, perspective and reflection.
(2) Good environmental protection characteristics: no radiation, no scintillation, no harm to the health of users. Especially the emergence of TFT LCD e-books and periodicals will bring mankind into the era of paperless office and paperless printing, which will lead to the revolution of human learning, dissemination and recording civilization.
(3) It can be used in a wide range of applications, ranging from - 20 to + 50 C. The low temperature working temperature of TFT LCD strengthened by temperature can reach 80 below zero. It can be used not only as mobile terminal display, desktop terminal display, but also as large screen projection TV. It is a full-scale video display terminal with excellent performance.
(4) Manufacturing technology has high degree of automation and good characteristics of large-scale industrial production. The technology of TFT LCD industry is mature, and the finished product rate of mass production reaches more than 90%.
(5) TFT LCD is easy to integrate and update. It is a perfect combination of large-scale semiconductor integrated circuit technology and light source technology. It has great potential for further development. At present, there are amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon TFT LCD. In the future, there will be other materials TFT, both glass and plastic substrates.
Color TFT LCDs (Thin Film Transistor LCDs) give your product a beautiful appearance with high-resolution, full-color graphics. Our modern, automated LCD factories can create custom TFT displays for extreme temperature functionality, sunlight readability, shock and vibration durability, and more. Whether you need a stand-alone TFT LCD display or fully integrated assembly with touch and cover lens, custom FPC, or custom backlight, our experienced team can develop the right solution for your project.
Display screen is everywhere nowadays. Do you still remember the TVs or computer monitors 20 years ago? They were quadrate, huge and heavy. Now let’s look at the flat, thin and light screen in front of you, have you ever wondered why is there such a big difference?
Actually, the monitors 20 year ago were CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) displays, which requires a large space to run the inner component. And now the screen here in your presence is the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen.
As mentioned above, LCD is the abbreviation of Liquid Crystal Display. It’s a new display technology making use of the optical-electrical characteristic of liquid crystal.
Liquid crystal is a state of substance that has both the characteristics of liquid and solid crystal. It don’t emit light itself, but it can let the light pass perfectly in specific direction. Meanwhile, liquid crystal molecule will rotate under the influence of a electric field, and then the light goes through it will rotate too. That said, liquid crystal can be a switch of light, which is the key in display technology.
STN LCD: STN is for Super-twisted Nematic. The liquid crystal in STN LCD rotate more angles than that in TN LCD, and have a different electrical feature, allowing STN LCD to display more information. There are many improved version of STN LCD like DSTN LCD (double layer) and CSTN LCD (color). This LCD is used in many early phones, computers and outdoor devices.
TFT LCD: TFT is for Thin Film Transistor. It’s the latest generation of LCD technology and has been applied in all the displaying scenario including electronic devices, motor cars, industrial machines, etc. When you see the word ‘transistor’, you may realize there’s integrated circuits in TFT LCD. That’s correct and the secret that TFT LCD has the advantage of high resolution and full color display.
In a simple way, we can divide TFT LCD into three parts, from bottom to top they are: light system, circuit system and light and color control system.In manufacturing process, we’ll start from inner light and color control system and then stretch out to whole module.
It’s accustomed to divide TFT LCD manufacturing process into three main part: array, cell and module. The former two steps are about the production of light and color control system, which contains TFT, CF (color filter) and LC (liquid crystal), named a cell. And the last step is the assembly of cell, circuit and light system.
In order to enhance productivity, in this step we’ll do a series of procedure on a large glass, which will be cut into smaller pieces in the following step.
First, let me introduce a crucial material, ITO, to you. ITO, abbreviation of Indium tin oxide, has the characteristic of electrical conductivity and optical transparency, as well as can be easily deposited as a thin film. Thus it’s widely used to create circuit on glass.
Now let’s turn to the production of TFT and CF. Here is a common method called PR (photoresist) method. The whole process of PR method will be demonstrated in TFT production.
◇ Use glue to build a boundary for LC on both glass. And on CF glass, apply one more layer of conductive adhesive. This enable LC molecule link to the control circuit.
Julia Nielsen is a jack-of-all-trades writer, having written for newspapers, magazines, websites, and blogs for the last 15 years. When she"s not dabbling in the written world, she"s spending time with her beautiful granddaughter. She loves to hear from readers, especially when they offer chocolate.
The two buzzwords the tech world has been chatting about for a number of years now is IPS, (In-Plane Switching) screen technology used for liquid crystal displays or LCD’s for short, and TFT (Thin-Film-Transistor) an active matrix screen technology, which is more expensive, but a sharper image.
Designed in the 1980’s, but not introduced until nearly a decade later, in 1996, by Hitachi, IPS technology is nothing new, and a type of LCD design that affords greater viewing angles and higher-quality color reproduction than the traditional TN or Twisted Nematic LCDs.
When Apple brought it to the public’s attention, it took off, and as they say, the rest is history; but, it really didn’t become widespread or worldwide until just the late 1990’s. Since then, IPS screens have been implemented in homes all over the world, with variations to suit one’s electronic needs.
TFT (Thin-Film-Transistor) Liquid Crystal Display is a thin display type, where a transistor embedded into each crystal gate; these transistors are then printed on thin-transparent film. The technology was designed to improve image qualities, such as contrast and addressability.
Also designed in the late 1980’s, TFT display technologies is just another variation of LCD displays that offer greater color, contrast, and response times as opposed to available passive matrix LCD’s. One of the primary differences between IPS and TFT display technologies is the cost. IPS is more expensive than TN technology. However, there are some key differences between the two that should be noted.
Before we go into the differences, let’s talk about features of each technology. Note that we’re not talking TVs, computer, or tablets, but screens on a much smaller scale, (think 7” or smaller) which uses different rules to fit that scale. First, it’s interesting to discover that the TFT display technologies is the most common type of color display technology; more monochrome displays still out-sell color, due to lower cost and lower power consumption, however, the narrow poor visibility of TFTs in direct sunlight is their downside; but I’m getting ahead of myself here.
IPS technology has come a long way in regards to cell phones and other LCD screens that are even much smaller. (Picture digital clocks on a radio, microwave, and hand-held games) Some of the features of an IPS screen include:Wider viewing angles – crystals are aligned horizontally rather than vertically, so it allows for better angled viewing, perfect for smaller screens, where you need to rotate the screen for better viewing
Variations to help with user’s viewing requirements or desires – there are several different forms of IPS technology: Super-IPS, (S-IPS) Advanced Super IPS, Advanced S-IPS, where the liquid crystal molecules stay parallel to the front and back panels, instead of perpendicular when a voltage is applied
TFT display technologies have developed over the years and have become quite popular in tech circles. The features offered with this advancing technology are:Superior color display – for technology that requires it or for consumers that desire color screens
Features a longer half-life, (half-life is the amount of time in hours before the display is 50% as bright as when it was first turned on), than OLEDs and comes in varying sizes, from under an inch up to over 15 inches
Capacitive Touchscreen or touch panel, which is in the majority of Smartpho