lcd monitors compatible with mac iici free sample

I"d recommend a 17" or 19" LCD monitor that"s 1280x1024.  It scales perfectly to 640x480, which is a nice fallback resolution or if your old Mac loses its resolution settings like after a PRAM reset.  I also have a couple games that only run at 640x480.  You can find 17" and 19" LCDs used (and occasionally new) for around $50-$60 shipped.  Just make sure you get in writing that the LCD is free of dead and/or stuck pixels.  If you don"t mind spending $100, you can get a brand new one from most online stores like B&H or Adorama with free shipping and no tax.

lcd monitors compatible with mac iici free sample

The IIci was intended by Apple to be capable of work as a server, as is demonstrated by the provision to lock the AC power switch for autorestart after power restoration. Before the arrival of the IIfx, which was aimed instead at the graphics world, it was the "wickedest" Mac in Apple"s line-up.

I bought a IIci recently, principally for the excellent condition of the case, and what proved to be a good power supply, free from trickle-voltage problems. It now has a "new" logicboard with decent metal RAM clips, together with a 50MHz 68030 DayStar PowerCache card, an Asanté NuBus NIC, a Radius NuBus 24AC video card and 8 x 4MB RAM cards. Add a cleaned-up floppy drive and a 4.4GB IBM HDD (partitioned 500MB and 3.9GB) with OS 7.5.5 on the smaller partiton, and boing! it was up and away. It drives an Apple MultipleScan 14-in AV display or a Mac Portrait Display (256 greys) according to the need of the moment, and, thanks to the video card, offers millions of colours. ("Vampire Video" is no longer an issue.)

The IIci could be hacked to run OS 8.1, which it would do without a hack if it had a DayStar 040 (instead of the 030), or easily up to OS 8.6 or 9 if it had a 601 processor upgrade. In your case, however, it will be much more advantageous to spend almost nothing on the IIci now, and devote the money to purchase of a beige G3 desktop or minitower, which is cheaper than chips. It will have the advantages of running your wife"s software natively, of being able to exchange files with the G3 PB, and of being upgradeable to OS X if that is useful to you. Then you can treat the IIci as a fun machine, even if that means as the server to the other machines.

lcd monitors compatible with mac iici free sample

Your friend told you of a great deal on a 17″ monitor in the local computer centre. Naturally it is a PC monitor, not compatible with your Macintosh – or is it?

These were slow, but they worked. They only supported 8 colors (not 8-bit color) on the Plus, SE, and Classic, since none of these machines support 32-bit QuickDraw. These are so old, they almost definitely have no support for VGA monitors. I do not know if the Griffin adapter will work with them or not, so I will say that these are not VGA compatible models.

Prior to 1999, Macs used their own 15-pin video port. Even on models that support VGA, you will need an adapter to connect the display. Starting with the Blue and White Power Mac G3 in early 1999, Macs started to include VGA ports.

The LC III, LC III+, LC 475, and Performa 450-478 featured newer video that could have up to 1 MB of VRAM. This supports a VGA or Mac monitor at 640 x 480 or 832 x 624 (832 x 624 with the Apple display software). The LC/Performa 500 series have a built in 640 x 480 monitor: Trinitron on the LC/Performa 520-578, and shadow mask on the 580. These can use external monitors with a video card. VGA monitor support requires a card.

Somewhere around that time, Apple introduced a VGA compatible monitor, the Apple Basic Colour monitor. This monitor was compatible with PCs, or you could use it on a Macintosh with the right cable. This monitor was a popular model to go with the LC III’s replacement, the LC 475.

However, with the 6100/60AV and 6100/66AV, you have a separate video (AV) card with 2 MB of VRAM that lets you use almost any type of Mac or PC monitor at resolutions up to 1152 x 870. The same goes with the 7100 and 8100 series, although there was also an optional High Performance Video (HPV) card that you could buy for them. The HPV card can accept up to 4 MB of VRAM and show millions of colours. This card will drive almost any Mac or PC monitor made. You cannot, however, use it with a new Studio Display (or flat panel) Apple monitor. They only work with a Power Mac G4 or Cube.

The 6200, 6300, 6320, 6360, and 6400 Performas and Power Macs all use similar video cards and can drive a Mac or PC monitor at up to 832 x 624. Almost any Mac since then can use almost any Mac or PC monitor. Some exceptions are the new Apple displays and the Apple flat panel displays. They require a G4 or Cube, so if you don’t have one of those, don’t bother buying a new Apple monitor.

If you already hooked up your Mac monitor and are getting only 640 x 480 when your Mac system can easily do 800 x 600, your PC monitor may not be multiscan. That means it is a fixed resolution screen not capable of changing to any other resolution than the one that it is set for, which is usually 640 x 480. Most older (pre-1994) IBM PS/2, Apple, and Sony Trinitron monitors are fixed resolution.

If you need to find a VGA adapter, I highly recommend the little one with no switches available from CompUSA or any other computer shop for several dollars (or they may just give one to you, if you ask – since they come for free in many monitor boxes, the store can’t resell them).

You could buy an adapter with switches (to set the resolution), but I have never found that necessary. Try the “switchless” model first, and if it doesn’t work (it almost always does), then go out and buy the one with switches. Also remember that certain Macs, the compact Macs and the II series, for example, don’t support VGA monitorsand for them the special adapter from Griffin Technologies is needed.

Being able to use a PC monitor on your Mac opens up a whole world of great monitors to choose from. There are lots out there. Some names you may have heard of are Sony, CTX (I highly recommend CTX monitors – I am using one now and have found it to be of very good quality), Relisys, NEC, and ViewSonic.

When shopping for a new monitor for your Mac, don’t feel limited to the Mac section. Take a look over with the PCs and you may find a surprisingly good deal on a nice monitor.

lcd monitors compatible with mac iici free sample

Building on the success of the Mac IIcx, the IIci offers 56% more power in the same compact case. A new feature was integrated video. The big advantage: Users no longer needed to buy a separate video card. The big disadvantage: The built-in video uses system memory (this is sometimes called “vampire video”).

Built-in video replaces the Macintosh II High Resolution Video Card (25 MHz motherboard video vs. a 10 MHz NuBus connection) and supports 8-bit color on a 640 x 480 screen as well as 4-bits on a 640 x 870 Portrait Display. Depending on bit depth, this uses between 32 KB and 320 KB of system memory. Also, Byte reports (Oct. 1989) that because the CPU and video share the same memory, the CPU is shut out of accessing RAM during video refresh, reducing performance by up to 8%.

Our own tests on a IIci show that although CPU performance does increase slightly when using a NuBus video card, video performance with an unaccelerated video card is about half as fast as the built-in video. Unless you need to support a larger screen or have an accelerated video card, overall performance may be worse with a video card than with internal video.

The Mac II, IIx, and IIcx all run a 16 MHz CPU on a 16 MHz motherboard with a separate 10 MHz bus for NuBus cards. Byte mentions (Oct. 1989) that the IIci runs its CPU and RAM at 25 MHz, NuBus at 10 MHz, I/O subsystems with a third oscillator, and onboard video with a fourth oscillator. By decoupling various subsystems this way, it was easier for Apple to boost the CPU and RAM speed without redesigning every part of the motherboard.

The IIci was the first Mac to support the 68030’s burst access mode, which “allows the CPU to read 16 bytes of data at a time in about half the clock cycles. This results in [a] . . . 10 percent improvement in performance.” (Byte, Oct. 1989, p. 102)

The IIci was the first Mac with “clean” ROMs, allowing 32-bit operation without special software. Along with the Mac Portable, it was the first Mac to use surface mount technology.

If you’re running low on RAM, by all means buy more. You should have at least 8 MB, but more is much better (unless you’re sticking with System 6, in which case you can’t use more than 8 MB).

Quadra 700 motherboards are uncommon. For that level of performance, consider a 68040-based accelerator, such as the Sonnet Presto 040 (40 MHz 68040 with 128 KB L2 cache, see our benchmark page). See a more complete list of accelerators below. Note that you will have to perform surgery on your case with the Quadra 700 motherboard upgrade.

A newer hard drive will be far more responsive and have far more capacity than the one that shipped with the computer. Any 3.5″ half-height or third-height drive will fit.

Discontinued accelerators (68030 unless otherwise noted) include the Applied Engineering TransWarp (50 MHz 68030, 25, 33 MHz 68040), DayStar Universal PowerCache (33, 40, 50 MHz), Fusion Data TokaMac SX (25 MHz 68040), Logica LogiCache (50 MHz), Radius Rocket (25 MHz 68LC040 to 40 MHz 68040), TechWorks NuBus (33 MHz 68040), and Total Systems Magellan (25 MHz 68040).

Moving Files from Your New Mac to Your Vintage Mac, Paul Brierley, The ‘Book Beat, 2006.06.13. Old Macs use floppies; new ones don’t. Old Macs use AppleTalk; Tiger doesn’t support it. New Macs can burn CDs, but old CD drives can’t always read CD-R. So how do you move the files?

Was the Macintosh IIci the Best Mac Ever?, Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2009.01.19. Introduced in 1989, the Mac IIci was fast, had integrated video, included 3 expansion slots, and could be upgraded in myriad ways.

Know Your Mac’s Upgrade Options, Phil Herlihy, The Usefulness Equation, 2008.08.26. Any Mac can be upgraded, but it’s a question of what can be upgraded – RAM, hard drive, video, CPU – and how far it can be upgraded.

Creating Classic Mac Boot Floppies in OS X, Paul Brierley, The ‘Book Beat, 2008.08.07. Yes, it is possible to create a boot floppy for the Classic Mac OS using an OS X Mac that doesn’t have Classic. Here’s how.

The Compressed Air Keyboard Repair, Charles W Moore, Miscellaneous Ramblings, 2008.07.24. If your keyboard isn’t working as well as it once did, blasting under the keys with compressed air may be the cure.

A Vintage Mac Network Can Be as Useful as a Modern One, Carl Nygren, My Turn, 2008.04.08. Old Macs can exchange data and share an Internet connection very nicely using Apple’s old LocalTalk networking.

Vintage Mac Networking and File Exchange, Adam Rosen, Adam’s Apple, 2007.12.19. How to network vintage Macs with modern Macs and tips on exchanging files using floppies, Zip disks, and other media.

Vintage Mac Video and Monitor Mania, Adam Rosen, Adam’s Apple, 2007.12.17. Vintage Macs and monitors didn’t use VGA connectors. Tips on making modern monitors work with old Macs.

Getting Inside Vintage Macs and Swapping Out Bad Parts, Adam Rosen, Adam’s Apple, 2007.12.14. When an old Mac dies, the best source of parts is usually another dead Mac with different failed parts.

Solving Mac Startup Problems, Adam Rosen, Adam’s Apple, 2007.12.12. When your old Mac won’t boot, the most likely culprits are a dead PRAM battery or a failed (or failing) hard drive.

20 year old Mac IIci dies, Mozilla for Classic Mac OS, USB 3 on Mac this year?, and more, Mac News Review, 2009.07.10. Also picking a Mac over a PC, which Macs can boot from SD?, GrandReporter automates searching the Web, an online image editor, and more.

The 25 most important Macs (part 2), Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2009.02.17. The 25 most significant Macs in the first 25 years of the platform, continued.

Golden Apples: The 25 best Macs to date, Michelle Klein-Häss, Geek Speak, 2009.01.27. The best Macs from 1984 through 2009, including a couple that aren’t technically Macs.

Why You Should Partition Your Mac’s Hard Drive, Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2008.12.11. “At the very least, it makes sense to have a second partition with a bootable version of the Mac OS, so if you have problems with your work partition, you can boot from the ’emergency’ partition to run Disk Utility and other diagnostics.”

Better and Safer Surfing with Internet Explorer and the Classic Mac OS, Max Wallgren, Mac Daniel, 2007.11.06. Tips on which browsers work best with different Mac OS versions plus extra software to clean cookies and caches, detect viruses, handle downloads, etc.

Simple Macs for Simple Tasks, Tommy Thomas, Welcome to Macintosh, 2007.10.19. Long live 680×0 Macs and the classic Mac OS. For simple tasks such as writing, they can provide a great, low distraction environment.

Interchangeabilty and Compatibility of Apple 1.4 MB Floppy SuperDrives, Sonic Purity, Mac Daniel, 2007.09.26. Apple used two kinds of high-density floppy drives on Macs, auto-inject and manual inject. Can they be swapped?

Macintosh IIx: Apple’s flagship gains a better CPU, FPU, and floppy drive, Dan Knight, Mac Musings, 2007.09.19. 20 years ago Apple improved the Mac II by using a Motorola 68030 CPU with the new 68882 FPU. And to top it off, the IIx was the first Mac that could read DOS disks with its internal drive.

Vintage Macs provide a less distracting writing environment, Brian Richards, Advantage Mac, 2007.09.18. A Mac OS X user finds an old Macintosh IIsi and discovers the joy of writing undisturbed by music, messaging, and streaming content.

No junk from Apple, Mac mouse dies after 18 years, time to cut the gigabyte BS, and more, Mac News Review, 2007.08.10. Also new iMac and Mac mini models, Apple’s aluminum keyboards, new NAS drive looks like a Mac mini, first software update for aluminum iMacs, and more.

Mac System 7.5.5 Can Do Anything Mac OS 7.6.1 Can, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2007.06.04. Yes, it is possible to run Internet Explorer 5.1.7 and SoundJam with System 7.5.5. You just need to have all the updates – and make one modification for SoundJam.

Appearance Manager Allows Internet Explorer 5.1.7 to Work with Mac OS 7.6.1, Max Wallgren, Mac Daniel, 2007.05.23. Want a fairly modern browser with an old, fast operating system? Mac OS 7.6.1 plus the Appearance Manager and Internet Explorer may be just what you want.

Format Any Drive for Older Macs with Patched Apple Tools, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2007.04.25. Apple HD SC Setup and Drive Setup only work with Apple branded hard drives – until you apply the patches linked to this article.

Making floppies and CDs for older Macs using modern Macs, Windows, and Linux PCs, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2007.03.15. Older Macs use HFS floppies and CDs. Here are the free resources you’ll need to write floppies or CDs for vintage Macs using your modern computer.

System 7 Today, advocates of Apple’s ‘orphan’ Mac OS 7.6.1, Tommy Thomas, Welcome to Macintosh, 2006.10.26. Why Mac OS 7.6.1 is far better for 68040 and PowerPC Macs than System 7.5.x.

The legendary Apple Extended Keyboard, Tommy Thomas, Welcome to Macintosh, 2006.10.13. Introduced in 1987, this extended keyboard was well designed and very solidly built. It remains a favorite of long-time Mac users.

30 days of old school computing: No real hardships, Ted Hodges, Vintage Mac Living, 2006.10.11. These old black-and-white Macs are just fine for messaging, word processing, spreadsheets, scheduling, contact management, and browsing the Web.

Jag’s House, where older Macs still rock, Tommy Thomas, Welcome to Macintosh, 2006.09.25. Over a decade old, Jag’s House is the oldest Mac website supporting classic Macs and remains a great resource for vintage Mac users.

Mac OS 8 and 8.1: Maximum Size, Maximum Convenience, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2006.09.11. Mac OS 8 and 8.1 add some useful new features and tools, and it can even be practical on 68030-based Macs.

Vintage Macs with System 6 run circles around 3 GHz Windows 2000 PC, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2006.07.06. Which grows faster, hardware speed or software bloat? These benchmarks show vintage Macs let you be productive much more quickly than modern Windows PCs.

Floppy drive observations: A compleat guide to Mac floppy drives and disk formats, Scott Baret, Online Tech Journal, 2006.06.29. A history of the Mac floppy from the 400K drive in the Mac 128K through the manual-inject 1.4M SuperDrives used in the late 1990s.

System 7.6.1 is perfect for many older Macs, John Martorana, That Old Mac Magic, 2006.03.24. Want the best speed from your old Mac? System 7.6.1 can give you that with a fairly small memory footprint – also helpful on older Macs.

System 7.5 and Mac OS 7.6: The beginning and end of an era, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2006.02.15. System 7.5 and Mac OS 7.6 introduced many new features and greater modernity while staying within reach of most early Macintosh models.

Turning an LC or other ancient Mac into a webcam with a QuickCam, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2006.01.25. As long as it has 4 MB of RAM and a hard drive, any 16 MHz or faster Mac that supports color can be configured as a webcam.

System 7: Bigger, better, more expandable, and a bit slower than System 6, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2006.01.04. The early versions of System 7 provide broader capability for modern tasks than System 6 while still being practical for even the lowliest Macs.

Web browser tips for the classic Mac OS, Nathan Thompson, Embracing Obsolescence, 2006.01.03. Tips on getting the most out of WaMCom, Mozilla, Internet Explorer, iCab, Opera, and WannaBe using the classic Mac OS.

Which system software is best for my vintage Mac?, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2005.11.22. Which system software works best depends to a great extent on just which Mac you have and how much RAM is installed.

The legendary DayStar Turbo 040 hot rods 68030 Macs, Tyler Sable, Classic Restorations, 2005.11.29. DayStar’s vintage upgrade can make an SE/30 and most models in the Mac II series faster than the ‘wicked fast’ Mac IIfx.

Never connect an Apple II 5.25″ floppy drive to the Mac’s floppy port. Doing so can ruin the floppy controller, meaning you can’t even use the internal drive any longer.

Internal video on the IIci and IIsi, and the Mac II mono and color video cards, will not work with multisync monitors, whether Apple or PC style. Griffin Technology made the Mac 2 Series Adapter, which works with Apple’s Multiple Scan monitors and most Mac compatible monitors. There was also a version for using VGA-type monitors on older Macs.

Serial port normally restricted to 57.6 kbps; throughput with a 56k modem may be limited. See 56k modem page. For more information on Mac serial ports, read Macintosh Serial Throughput in our Online Tech Journal.

lcd monitors compatible with mac iici free sample

In my last post, I wrote about how I had figured out how the Macintosh IIci’s synthesized startup sound works. I talked about how I replaced the ROM chips on the motherboard with sockets and disassembled the ROM code. I shared a video showing how I customized it to play the first few notes from the Super Mario Bros song. At the very end of it, I talked about how it would be awesome to figure out how to play a sampled sound at boot time, which would allow me to play any sound I wanted, limited by space available in the ROM. I didn’t feel very optimistic about getting that done, but after a ton of reading, experimentation, and frustration, I have figured it out, and my IIci now plays a sampled startup sound when it boots up. I’d like to share how I did it, as well as provide instructions on how to patch your own IIci’s startup sound with the sound of your choosing.

Before I start, I’d like to thank the people in the 68k Mac Liberation Army forums for the help and encouragement, and also the people who coded the MESS emulator for leaving a very handy register reference for the Apple Sound Chip in their source code. Without any of the aforementioned people, I would never have been able to get this far in my hacking!

Here’s are some videos, followed by how I did it and how you can do it. I decided to inject one of the sampled startup sounds from the LC/Performa series into my IIci:

To begin, I disassembled an LC III ROM dump. The LC III is one of the oldest Macs that has a sampled startup chime. Its sound chip is not quite the same as the IIci’s, but the way it plays its sampled sounds at boot time gave me a few clues. To write sampled sounds to the Apple Sound Chip, you basically just keep writing samples, one at a time, as long as there is room in the chip. You determine whether there’s room in the chip or not by reading a status register.

So based on how the LC III did it, I wrote a program to test playing a sound by talking directly to the sound chip on my IIci. It failed miserably for two reasons:

When I’m booted into the Mac operating system, there are interrupts looking at the status of the sound chip. An interrupt can grab the FIFO status before I get a chance to see it, and then I’m stuck waiting in an infinite loop for a bit to change, even though it already changed long ago.

No biggie though! First of all, I decided to forget about the FIFO status register completely, and instead I made my program write samples blindly to the chip, adding a pause occasionally to give the chip some time to play the samples and clear space in its FIFO. I messed around with my delays, and I eventually was able to get it to mostly work. By mostly, I mean sometimes it would make some crackly sounds while playing the sound I wanted it to play. I figured this was because interrupts sometimes made my delays longer than they should have been, causing the FIFO to empty out for a short time. My main goal was accomplished though: I knew how to tell the chip to play sounds.

The delay code was lame, though. It makes more sense to listen to what the chip is telling me, rather than guess the status of the chip based on time delays. To solve problem #2, I disabled interrupts during my program. This helped immensely because it prevented the operating system from talking to the sound chip behind my back. Next, I started playing with the status bits to see when they come on and turn off. It was here that I discovered problem #1: The IIci’s sound chip doesn’t behave the same way the LC III’s code implies its sound chip behaves.

The LC III’s code always waits for one of the FIFO status bits to be “1” before it writes a sample to the chip–even the very first sample. The MESS source code says this bit is a “FIFO half empty” status bit. On the LC III, it looks like this bit is 1 any time the FIFO is anywhere between completely empty and half empty. If it’s more than half full, the bit is zero. On the IIci, though, this bit stays at zero, and only becomes 1 once you have filled the FIFO more than half full and it has dropped back down to being only half full by playing enough samples. Plus, once you read the bit, it goes back to 0 until the FIFO has filled more than half full again (and dropped back down to half full after that, which sets the bit at 1 again). This explained why my first attempt failed — an interrupt probably read the status bit’s 1 value (bringing it back to 0 in the process) and I was stuck waiting to see it and never did.

Once it’s finished writing all the samples to the chip, the LC III’s code waits for another status bit to be 1 before continuing on. I’m guessing that this other bit acts as a “FIFO is completely empty” bit, so it’s allowing the code to wait until the FIFO has totally drained out. I don’t know for sure, but that would make the most sense based on what the code is doing. On the IIci, though, according to my tests, this bit is zero until the FIFO is completely full. Then it becomes 1 until you read it, and it resets back to zero immediately.

So the algorithm starts with the FIFO completely empty, fills it completely up, then waits for it to become half empty again, fills it completely up, waits until it’s half empty, fills it up, and so on, until it’s done.

So after getting it working in a simple Mac program, I injected the code into the free space in the IIci’s ROM and patched the ROM to jump to my routine instead of the normal startup chime. After a monumental screwup where I accidentally commented out a single line that caused the whole thing to fail and had me puzzled for hours, I got it to work on my second try!

An image of your Mac IIci’s ROM — read it from the chips after removing them or read it from the Mac before you tear it apart. (Do NOT ask me for ROM images – I’m not interested in infringing on Apple’s copyright)

An EEPROM burner compatible with the EEPROMs you choose and a computer that it can talk with — most likely it will be a Windows-based computer with a parallel port.

A tool to recalculate the ROM’s checksum after your modification. Ben Boldt’s Mac ROM Checksum verifier will help you figure out what the checksum should be (nice work Ben!) — note: if you run this program on Windows, change the code so that it opens the files in binary mode. Otherwise it won’t work because it will do weird stuff with bytes that happen to be carriage returns and line feeds.

All right! As far as hardware goes, desolder the old ROMs and remember where each one goes. Solder sockets in their place and put the original ROMs into the sockets to make sure that it still boots OK. Each EEPROM will have at least one extra pin that was not connected on the IIci’s original ROM. It will need to be connected to something and not left floating. See the datasheet of your chip to determine what it should be connected to for “read mode”. In the case of the GLS29EE010, it is a pin right next to VCC that is used for programming (the pin is called WE#), and in read mode it is supposed to be pulled high. How convenient! On the bottom of the motherboard, you can blob solder between these two pins to connect them and it should work well–at least for the GLS29EE010!

Now, read the ROM files onto your computer (or use the image you read from the Mac before tearing it apart and split it into 4 interleaved files). Burn the four ROM segments onto your EEPROMs, stick them in place of the original ROMs, and make sure the IIci still works. This will verify that your EEPROM burner and the hardware modifications are working correctly.

You will need to append your own sound to the end of this binary blob. It should be in raw 8-bit unsigned format with a 22254 Hz sample rate. Audacity should be able to produce a file in that format for you [File–>Export–>Other uncompressed files–>Options–>RAW (header-less)–>Unsigned 8-bit PCM], and it should also be able to take a sound sampled at a different rate and convert it to 22254 Hz [Tracks–>Resample]. After the end of my binary blob, append the length of the sound (in number of samples) as a four-byte big-endian integer. Then append the raw 8-bit unsigned file you generated containing your sound. I decided to skip Apple’s sound resource format or AIFF or WAV or anything like that because it would do nothing except complicate the sound playing code.

Stick your combined blob into your ROM image (overwriting the old bytes so the file does not grow in size) starting at an offset of 0x51D70 (you should see an Apple copyright notice repeated over and over again along with other stuff). It can’t be longer than about 35 kilobytes, though, or it will start overwriting other stuff in the ROM. Make sure that some of Apple’s copyright notice is still visible and you’ll be fine!