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When Nextion is in active Protocol Reparse mode, ucopy copies data from the serial buffer. Most HMI applications will not require Protocol Reparse and should be skipped if not fully understood.
A few weeks ago, I wrote this article about using a text variable as an array, either an array of strings or an array of numbers, using the covx conversion function in addition for the latter, to extract single elements with the help of the spstr function. It"s a convenient and almost a "one fits all" solution for most use cases and many of the demo projects or the sample code attached to the Nextion Sunday Blog articles made use of it, sometimes even without mentioning it explicitly since it"s almost self-explaining. Then, I got a message from a reader, writing: "... Why then didn"t you use it for the combined sine / cosine lookup table in the flicker free turbo gauge project?"105 editions of the Nextion Sunday blog in a little over two years - time to look back and forth at the same time. Was all the stuff I wrote about interesting for my readers? Is it possible at all to satisfy everybody - hobbyists, makers, and professionals - at the same time? Are people (re-)using the many many HMI demo projects and code snippets? Is anybody interested in the explanation of all the underlying basics like the algorithms for calculating square roots and trigonometric functions with Nextion"s purely integer based language? Are optimized code snippets which allow to save a few milliseconds here and there helpful to other developers?Looking through the different Nextion user groups on social networks, the Nextion user forum and a few not so official but Nextion related forums can be surprising. Sometimes, Nextion newbies ask questions or have issues although the required function is well (in a condensed manner for the experienced developer, I admit) documented on the Nextion Instruction Set page, accessible through the menu of this website. On top of that, there is for sure one of my more than 100 Sunday blog articles which deals not only with that function, but goes often even beyond the usual usage of it. Apparently, I should sometimes move away from always trying to push the limits and listen to the "back to the roots!" calls by my potential readers...Do you remember the (almost) full screen sized flicker free and ultra rapid gauge we designed in June? And this without using the built-in Gauge component? If not, it"s time to read this article first, to understand today"s improvements. The June 2022 version does its job perfectly, the needle movement is quick and smooth, and other components can be added close to the outer circle without flickering since there is no background which needs constantly to be redrawn. But there was a minor and only esthetic weak point: The needle was a 1px thin line, sometimes difficult to see. Thus, already a short time after publishing, some readers contacted me and asked if there were a way to make the needle thicker, at least 2 pixels.Recently, when playing with a ESP32 based NodeMCU 32S and especially with its WiFi configuration, I did as (I guess) everybody does: I loaded an example sketch to learn more about the Wifi library. When you set up the ESP32 as an access point, creating its own wireless network, everything is pretty straightforward. You can easily hard code the Wifi name (SSID) and the password. But what about the client mode ? Perhaps one needs to use it in different environments. And then, a hard coded network name and password are definitively not the best solution. Thus, I thought, why not use a Nextion HMI for a dynamic WiFi setup functionality?Although the Nextion MIDI I/O interface has been primarily designed as an add-on for Nextion HMI screens to transform these in fully autonomous MIDI devices as shown in previous blog posts here, it is also of great use for any Arduino based electronic music project! Many MIDI projects for Arduino suffer from a lack good hardware support. There are sophisticated code, excellent libraries and an infinity of use cases, but afterwards, things tend not to work in a rather rough environment in the studio or on stage. That"s because two resistors and a few Dupont wires on a breadboard besides the Arduino are not really an interface which could drive your Synth, Sequencer, or Drum machine over a 5m long MIDI cable.
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OverviewNextion is a Human Machine Interface (HMI) solution combining an onboard processor and memory touch display with Nextion Editor software for HMI GUI project development. Using the NEXTION Editor software, you can quickly develop the HMI GUI by drag-and-drop components (graphics, text, button, slider, etc.) and ASCII text-based instructions for coding how components interact at the display side. Nextion HMI display connects to peripheral MCU via TTL Serial (5V, TX, RX ,GND) to provide event notifications that peripheral MCU can act on, the peripheral MCU can easily update progress, and status back to Nextion display utilizing simple ASCII text-based instructions. Comparing with Basic Series, the Discovery Series has a better MCU performance, the same functionalities as Basic, and Lower Price. That’s Nextion Discovery Series Products.
Nextion is a seamless Human Machine Interface (HMI) solution that provides a control and visualisation interface between a human and a process, machine, application or appliance. Nextion is mainly applied to IoT or consumer electronics field. It is the best solution to replace the traditional LCD and LED Nixie tube. With the Nextion Editor software (Official Download), users are able to create and design their own interfaces for Nextion display.
The full schematic of the thermostat is shown in Figure 5 and consists of five small boards connected together for an easy build and a Nextion LCD display. A commercial manufacturer would no doubt lay out all the components on a single printed circuit board (PCB). Triacs would probably replace the quad relay board, which I used for a simple assembly.
Figure 6 shows the 3D printed case for housing the parts, with the Nextion display mounted over a window underneath. The Sketchup and object files for the 3D printed case are available in the downloads.
The breadboard also has header pins to connect the real time clock (RTC) module, the BME280 board to measure indoor temperature and humidity, and the Nextion display. While header pins work fine for this proof-of-concept model, a thermostat used continuously should have the modules wired directly.
The Nextion display is the heart of this project and gave me an opportunity to learn about using and programming it. The learning curve for using the Nextion is fairly steep, however, the effort is certainly worth the benefits of using this new type of LCD display (Figure 8).
These LCD displays come in several sizes ranging from 2.4 to seven inches diagonally. I chose the 3.5 inch for my project and selected the basic model. In retrospect, a larger model might have been a better choice for appearances.
In a traditional LCD display, a library is provided with a group of primitive commands like draw a line, draw a circle, draw text, etc. A good portion of the microcontroller’s program is spent in drawing to the LCD screen. Many lines of code are necessary to get professional looking results when drawing something complex like a temperature or pressure gauge. The lengthy drawing portion of the code can lead to delays in refreshing the screen ‒ especially when a new page is required.
The Nextion display takes a different approach. The LCD has its own processor and a design program ‒ called the Nextion Editor ‒ which creates a program you copy to the LCD. This makes placing text, buttons, gauges, and more on various pages of the display easy. To some degree, it reminds me of creating a Windows Form program using CSharp and the Microsoft Visual Studio GUI.
The Nextion Editor (shown in Figure 9) can then compile the display interface code. It’s then copied to the LCD by means of a micro SD card or via a serial connection.
I found using the SD card method quite easy. The SD card with the compiled code is inserted into a card socket on the LCD board and when powered, the board reads the card and installs the code. The card is then removed and when powered on, the LCD displays the pages you created in the Nextion Editor even if the display is not connected to a microcontroller.
When you click on a button or change text, the Nextion Display can send the appropriate data to the microcontroller. The display has only four wires for connections: +5 volts, ground, RX (receive), and TX (transmit). The RX, TX serial lines must be run at 9600 baud.
I stayed with simple text boxes and buttons and avoided some of the more complex components like gauges and sliders. I also sent and received commands directly between the ESP32 and Nextion display through a serial port and didn’t use their library.
A separate page was created in my project with a keypad to enter values into text boxes. This is the challenging part of using the Nextion display. Documentation is available but difficult to understand and examples of using many features are lacking. Several examples of using the Nextion display exist on YouTube, and although I found some of them fairly simplistic, they got me going.
To get started with the Nextion display, you’ll need the Nextion Editor which is a GUI program that creates the pages and components that will be displayed. You should begin by reviewing the Nextion Editor Guide, which can be found at
A good way to familiarize yourself with the Nextion display is to open the Thermostat.HMI file (in the download area) with the Nextion Editor. This file contains the entire five page display program, and you can explore all of the components and their attributes.
The t0 text box at the top will contain the program title and heat mode, like Thermostat – Heat or Thermostat – Cool. The t1 text box contains the temperature setting; the t2 text box contains the current inside temperature and humidity; the t3 text box shows the outdoor temperature and humidity as obtained from the Internet; and the t4 text box gives the fan setting ‒ either On or Auto. The t5 text box contains a P-1 or P-2 symbol denoting that the thermostat in running in either Program 1 or Program 2 mode. The t6 text box contains the time and is updated once a minute. The three buttons raise or lower the set temperature or display page 1 (a menu).
All temperatures are in Fahrenheit and integer numbers. The Nextion display jumps to Page 4 for inputting the times and temperatures when one of the text boxes is selected.
After opening the Thermostat.HMI file in the Nextion Editor, you should see two panes at the left: a Toolbox, and a Font and Picture below. The latter has tabs at the bottom to switch between the two. Clicking on an object in the Toolbox will add it to the current page. You have to create each font you’ll use by clicking on the Tools Menu and selecting Font Generator.
If you want to use a picture as the background of a page, be sure the pixel dimensions of your image match the screen size of the Nextion you have chosen. I have a 3.5 inch display with a 480x320 pixel screen.
At the bottom is an Event pane. It’s here where you assign what happens when you click or touch a component. For example, if you click on a button and then select the Touch Release Event in the pane, it will display what happens when a button is released. For most buttons, you only need to check the Send Component ID box.
When a button is released, the Nextion will send a unique string of characters (the component ID) out the serial port; something like 65 00 02 00 FF FF FF. The 65 represents that this is a touch event, 00 is the page number, 02 is the component number, 00 means released (a 01 is pressed), and the FF FF FF is the three-byte sequence which ends all data strings.
When loaded, the Thermostat.HMI file does not display anything in the text boxes. The structure of the ESP32 program was designed so that when a value is entered, it’s first sent to the ESP32, which then echoes it back to the Nextion to be displayed. In this way, it’s assured that the correct number has been received by the ESP32.
After you’re connected, go to your web browser and enter the IP address 192.168.4.1 in the URL bar. A web page will be displayed that allows you to increase or decrease the temperature on the thermostat.
I normally use small OLED"s with the driver from this excellent forum, but the Nextion displays are nice for low volume things that need to look good + debugging.
All the "heavy lifting" with nice fonts, graphics, etc are made with the (free) Nextion Editor software. Actual content of text boxes and other variables you place on the screen, is then set via one serial pin. (Defining clicks, etc can also send data back serially.)
The Enhanced touch display by Nextion 7" now comes with an even more powerful onboard processor. This diplay is compatible with most Arduino and Raspberry Pi boards and can be driven with a standard UART. Display design and visualization is done inside the free Nextion IDE. This is one of the most powerful displays on the market. This is the enhanced model.
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Nextion is a seamless Human Machine Interface (HMI) solution that provides a control and visualization interface between a human and a process, machine, application or appliance. Nextion is mainly applied to Internet of thing (IoT) or consumer electronics field. It is the best solution to replace th..